Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge (artist): biography da ayyukansu

Gane master of hoto, kazalika da halittar zane-zane a kan tarihi da kuma Linjila zama wani fitaccen Rasha fenta Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge. An artist na m iyawa, sai ya ɗauki wani m wuri a cikin tarihi na Rasha art a matsayin wakilin sa'an nan sabon mai neman na hakika motsi.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Nikolay Nikolaevich Ge, da artist, wanda hoto da aka gabatar a farkon, aka haife Fabrairu 27, 1831 a wata gona Ivanovo Chernigov lardin, a cikin komai a fili iyali. Sabon abu ga Rasha kunne sunan da ya binta zuwa kakansa, wanda} aura daga Faransa a karshen da XVIII karni. A asali, shi aka rubuta - Gay. haihuwar jariri, ya zo daidai da m kwalara annoba bugãwa da yawa a cikin Rasha larduna, da kuma da'awar da rai na tsohuwarsa, a lokacin da Nicholas farko zo zuwa ga haske. Tun wannan lokacin, duk da damuwa game da shi, aka sa su daya daga cikin mata serfs uba.

Bisa ga hadisai na zamanin, da karatunsa a gida yaro, kuma daga baya aka kawo Kiev, inda ya shiga cikin makarantar sakandare. Akwai shaida da cewa a cikin wannan lokaci da malaman lura da m basira domin jawo, amma mahaifina yana kan asusun da sauran tsare-tsaren. Bayan makarantar sakandare, ya bukaci dansa ya shiga Jami'ar Kiev a cikin ilimin lissafi Department.

Daga cikin University na Academy of Arts

Tsayayya da nufin mahaifinsa Nicholas bai yi kuskure to, amma a wurin su nazarin zaɓi ba Kiev da St. Petersburg University, inda yake shiga a cikin Faculty of lissafi. Duk da haka, ba mafarki game da shi Nikolay Ge. Artist, ba wani lissafi, ya rayu a kansa, da kuma duk mafi fili ikirarin kanta. All free lokaci sai ya ciyar a hermitage, kwafan zane-zane na gane artists.

A sakamakon da aka quite ake iya faɗi - a 1850, Nicholas ya fita daga jami'a, kuma ya kasance dalibi na da St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Ga ya da dama a cikin m malami aji, da kuma wani sosai sanannun a waɗannan kwanaki St. Petersburg artist P. Basin. A makarantar kimiyya, ya shafe shekaru shida da koyo da dabaru na da cinikayya, da kuma kokarin koyi da painters waɗanda ayyukansu sun sanya shi wani musamman karfi ra'ayi.

Its babba gunki a wadannan shekaru shi ne Karl Bryullov, da kuma bisa ga yawa sukar, da artist Nikolai Ge aka fili ya rinjayi aikinsa. Bayan samu a 1857 ga nasara rubuce-rubuce na rubutun da hakkin ya yi tafiya zuwa Turai a kudi na Academy, ya bar Rasha. A lokacin da ya tafiya, ya ziyarci Switzerland, Jamus, Faransa da kuma Italiya.

Success da fitarwa

A Roma, akwai wani taro tare da wani ya gunki a wadannan shekaru - A. Ivanov, wanda ya yi aiki a kan almara a kan Littafi Mai Tsarki batutuwa, wanda ganin darajarsa Nikolai Ge. Kasashen waje, kamar yadda kafin, ya sarrafa lokaci mai yawa da rubuce-rubuce hotuna. Daya daga cikin mafi nasara ayyukan wannan lokaci ne aka kafa a 1858 a hoto zane matarsa. Amma da babban jigo da ya rage Littafi Mai Tsarki da kuma na gargajiya batutuwa.

A 1861, bayan ya dawo daga kasar waje, Nikolai Ge ya nuna na gaba nuni a Academy of Arts na sabon film "The Last bukin", wanda ya kasance wani irin abin mamaki. Duk da m liyafar da jama'a, yin katsalandan bi da ta musamman maƙiya, zargin da marubucin a inganta jari-hujja da kuma nihilism. An ko da an hana yin kwafin shi.

Duk abin canza a lokacin da zane domin tarin da kaina sayi Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II, wanda nan da nan ya yi artist sanshi. Bi da bi, da Academy of Arts, yarda da babban girma zane-zane, da bayyana goyon baya da ra'ayoyi na sarki, gaggãwa zuwa karfafa Nikolai Ge. The artist aka bayar da lakabi na farfesa.

Back to Italiya

Flushed tare da nasara, kuma an riga an hukumance gane, da artist Ge Nikolay Nikolaevich a 1864 ya koma Italiya, inda ya Halicci yawa almara depicting scenes daga cikin Sabon Alkawari. Daya daga cikin karin bayanai na Italian lokacin zama da yake ganawa da Herzen da kuma aiki a kan hoto.

Ba za mu iya yarda da duk na riskiness na kamfani, kamar yadda Herzen hukuma da aka jera a matsayin jiha laifi, mai hijira daga gaskiya da kasashen waje, da kuma halittar masa hoto za a iya gani a matsayin siyasa karimcin. Duk da haka, shi ne wannan zanen, kashe a rikodin lokaci - a kawai biyar zaman - gane a matsayin mafi kyau daga gare su rubuta hotuna. Don babban chagrin na Nikolai Nikolaevich, ya zane "gayya na iyãma," a kammala da kuma aika gida, bai yi nasara tare da jama'a. A 1869, da artist koma zuwa Rasha.

Last Petersburg lokaci

Kama a tsakiyar birnin rai, Ge cudanya gaba Peredvizhnik da aka rayayye da hannu a cikin shirye-shiryen da su na farko nuni, wanda ya bude a 1871. A da shi ya nuna da jama'a ta fi sani a zamanin yau fitacciyar "Bitrus na interrogates Tsarevich Alexei a Peterhof." A zanen da aka gane daga cikin baƙi, ko da a cikin artist ta studio aka sayi P. Tretyakov - sanannen Rasha tara da shuni.

Fiye da shekaru hudu masu ciyar a St. Petersburg, da artist Halicci gallery na hotuna na fi shahararren wakilan da Rasha kawo dukkan. Daga gare su, Turgenev, Nekrasov da sauransu. A daidai wannan lokaci na ga hasken da ya halitta a sculptural hoto na V. Belinsky.

Tashi zuwa Ukraine

A 1875, Nikolai har abada bar St. Petersburg kuma, tun mayar da su cikin Ukraine, yakan mallaki wani gidan a Chernigov lardin. Dalilin da ya tashi, da masu bincike yi imani da m rashin biyan bukata da kuma kayan matsaloli, aggravated da lokaci. Da zarar daga babban birnin kasar ta amo Kye kusan gama daina zanen azuzuwan da cikakken aikata wa al'amurran da suka shafi addini da kuma halin kirki. Kawai matsananci bukatar tilasta shi ya dauki sama da buroshi da rubutu al'ada hotuna na gida mai arziki.

Creative hawan a karshen da artist ta rayuwa

A 1882, Ge tafi Moscow. Wannan shi ne farkon wani sabon m hawan, alama da halittar wannan canvases matsayin "Fita daga Last bukin", "Yahuza", "Mene ne gaskiya" da sauran ayyuka a Ikklesiyoyin bishara jigogi. Daya daga cikin zane-zane da na karshe tebur kai-hoto, rubuta a shekara kafin mutuwarsa. Gay artist, wanda biography ne kakkarfan dangankata da aikinsa, ya rasu Yuni 13, 1894. Kamar yadda masu bincike, babban abin yabo da majalisarsa iya kira mai neman na hakika motsi a cikin zane-zane a kan Bishara labaru. Wannan Rasha artist Ge sanya wani taimako zuwa ga duniya art.