Poets na Rasha - tarihin kasar a lyrics

Shahararren wallafe-wallafen rukunin Rasha sun fahimci cewa ɗayan masu arziki ne. Peru Masu amfani da harshen Larshen Rasha suna da nau'o'in ayyukan da suke jin dadin yawan masu karatu a ƙasashe daban-daban, halittar mawallafa an saka su a kan al'amuran shimfidawa kuma sun zama tushen tushen allo. Amma tare da shayari duk abin da ba haka ba ne mai sauƙi - don sadar da ji da motsin zuciyar waɗanda marubuta a cikin wani harshe ba sauki kamar yadda alama a farko duba. Amma har ma da kusan dukkanin waƙoƙi na sake rubutawa (a cikin fassarar kalmomin, babban ra'ayi ana kiyayewa, kuma sauran an halicce shi daga tayar da hankali), ana daukar mawallafin Rasha ɗaya daga cikin marubuta mafi kyau. Mene ne dalilin wannan?

Bayan kammala karatu

Gaba ɗaya, yana da matukar wahala a rarrabe kowane lokaci na musamman a cikin ci gaba da shayari na Rasha. Akwai Age na Golden, akwai Age Azur, to, lokacin Soviet yana gudana, amma duk abin da ba'a iyakance ga irin waɗannan iyakokin ba. Rasha shayari kuma kasida da aka buga kafin a adabi zo zuwa Pushkin, kuma Lermontov, kuma tare da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, da lyrics ba su tsaya rubuce. Amma yawanci ana la'akari da ƙwarewa a matsayin mai cin gashin kanta tun daga farkon karni na goma sha tara - shi ne a wannan lokacin da tauraron wakar Rasha ya tashi.

Shekaru na Golden

Shekaru na Golden yana da kusan tsayi na ci gaba da shayari na Rasha. Pushkin, Lermontov, Fet, Tyutchev - duk sun yi aiki a lokaci guda.

Mawallafi da marubucin Rasha na farko sun gwada kansu a cikin nau'in classicism, wanda aka maye gurbin baya daga jin dadi da kuma romanticism. Saboda saboda haɗuwa da waɗannan nau'in cewa ra'ayi game da kuskuren, daidaituwa na Golden Age ya bayyana - marubuta sunyi ƙoƙari a kowace hanyar da za su iya sa zuciya ga gaskiyar. By karshen karni halin da ake ciki ya canza: ya fara fito fili hakikanci cewa ba kawai ƙaryata tsaftacewa da suke a gabãninsu, amma kuma ya nuna duk mutum mũnãnan ayyuka da kuma duniya a kusa da shi. Daga nan sai ya kara da cewa satire - dariya ta bakin hawaye akan abin da ke gudana a Rasha a cikin karni na goma sha tara.

A cikin karni na karni. Girman Azurfa

Tsarin mulki daga karni daya zuwa wani sannu-sannu a hankali ya maye gurbin ainihi. An fara wallafa wallafe-wallafen lalata, cike da damuwa, jin tsoro saboda canje-canje masu zuwa. Ƙarin tsanani na zamantakewa rikice-rikice, da nascent juyin juya halin iya ba kasa su ta da hankali da marubuta a aikinsu ya bayyana farko bayanin kula daga m muradi. Mawallafin Rasha sun juya tarihin ƙasarsu, suna kokarin hango hangen nesa akan abubuwan da suka faru. Amma a nan kowa da kowa aka yi da shi a kansu hanya: daya ya ragu a m hakikanci, kokarin tabbatar da lyrics bayyanannu ga mutane, yayin da wasu suna boye a baya da wani bango da symbolism, resorting to allegories da puns kamar yadda idan ka ce tsakanin Lines.

Tare da rikici na alama da irin waɗannan mawaƙa kamar yadda Blok da Solovyov suka yi aiki, sababbin nau'o'in sun bayyana: acmeism, aika dukkan bayanai game da duniya mai suna (Akhmatova, Gumilev, Mandelstam), da kuma futurism da suka saba wa tushe na al'umma (Mayakovsky da Khlebnikov). Shekaru na azurfa na wallafe-wallafen Rasha sun danganta da canje-canje a cikin al'umma, kin amincewa da hadisai da kuma gwada gwaje-gwaje a cikin lyrics.

Lokacin Soviet

Mawallafin Rasha ba su tsammanin cewa tashin hankali na jama'a da kowa da kowa yana jiran zai sami irin wannan sakamako. Da zuwan sabuwar gwamnatin, tsananta wa marubuta na ƙarni na ƙarshe sun fara. Duk wanda ya ki yarda ya rubuta ta hanyar da aka yi wa jam'iyyar ya fuskanci matsalolinsa, an tilasta yawan mawallafa masu martaba su yi hijira a matsin lamba daga jama'a. Babban mawallafin shayari na post-revolutionary shine daukakawa da Soviets, da yin watsi da sabuwar duniya, gina, a cikin ma'anar kalmar, a ƙasusuwan tsohuwar.

New hakikar da tura Futurism da Acmeism, gaba daya surrendering zuwa gurguzu da labarun almara. Abubuwan ban mamaki da ban mamaki a bango sun tafi: sun fara la'akari da yawancin mawaƙa masu kyauta, wallafe-wallafen ya zama mahimmanci kuma yana da mahimmanci. Amma ta riƙe babban abu: sha'awa ga mutum a matsayin mutum.

Postwar lyrics

Yaƙin Kishin Kasa na Kasa ya mutu, ya zama mafarki mai ban tsoro a cikin tunanin mutane. Kuma marubuta na Rasha sun yi haɗari a kan wani sabon batu, suna kwance duk tunanin da jijiyoyin da aka tara a lokacin shekarun adawa. Akwai dukkanin marubutan marubuta da ke aiki a cikin aikin soja, suna girmama mutane, suna fadin labarun gaba, suna rarraba mafi aboki. Amma tare da su, sun rubuta wadanda suka yi ƙoƙari su ɓatar da mutane daga tsoro da suka samu. Futurism ya koma shayari, gwaje-gwaje tare da nau'i na waƙa, rhythm da rhyme zo. Dukan ƙarni na shekarun da suka wuce sunyi aiki a kan share yakin daga memoriyar mutane kuma ya maye gurbin shi da tunani mai haske. A wannan lokacin, aikin Kirsimeti, Voznesensky, Yevtushenko, wanda waƙoƙinsa suna da sha'awar sauƙi da sauƙi.

Yau

Modern kasida Rasha ci gaba da aikin da suke a gabãninsu. Suna rubuta game da abin da ke kewaye da su, da kuma game da duniyoyi masu ban mamaki, sun juya zuwa ga al'adun gargajiya da kuma wasa tare da nau'i na lyrics. Sun haɗa su a cikin ayoyin su, wanda ya ba da bege ga cigaban ci gaba da shayari na Rasha.