"Rasha Arctic" National Park (Arkhangelsk yankin)

Rasha ta Arewa - yankin m da kuma kadan karatu. Duk da haka, ya taba daina jawo hankalin ta girmamãwa. Kare ƙasar Karelia, Obonezhie, Vologda bukatar kariya da kuma kula. National Park "Rasha Arctic" ne aka yi nufi don adana da na halitta da kuma dukiyar al'adun gargajiya m sassa na Rasha Arewa.

Mallaka "Rasha Arctic"

Domin gane da m na Rasha a cikin Arctic, tsare da yanayi na musamman na Arewa da kuma bincike a cikin 1999, da wakilai, da Arkhangelsk yankin taron da aka yanke shawarar shirya wani "Rasha Arctic" National Park. Shirya daidaituwa na halitta da tsarin a kan Victoria Island a Barents Sea, a kan Frantsa Iosifa Land da kuma Novaya Zemlya a arewa. 10 Bayan shekaru, V. V. Putin ya ba da umarnin kafa "Rasha Arctic" National Park. A ƙasa na shakatawa ya hada da mutane da yawa kariya tsibiran, daga abin da game. Gemskerk game. Loshkin game. Arewa, Orange Island. A duka yankin na "Rasha Arctic" - a kusa da miliyan 1.5 kadada: yawancin inuwõyi ruwa (game da 790 kadada).

Reserve "Franz Josef Land"

Daya daga cikin mafi arewacin yankunan duniya ne Franz Josef Land, wani tarin tsiburai a gaskiya dab da "Rasha Arctic". Na kare ƙasar tarin tsiburai ne daga shekarar 1994, lokacin da aka kafa shi a jihar Nature Reserve "Franz Josef Land". Nature ajiye, kariya wadda "Rasha Arctic", kafa a adana ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi, da mafita daga matsalolin muhalli, hanya haifuwa. An muhimmanci aiki ne don kare gida fauna daga mutum tasiri.

A cikin ƙasashe na tarin tsiburai sanaki iyakacin duniya beyar, wanda yake shi ne m yanayi domin ma'aikata daga zurriyar halitta da yanayi. dabbar walrus rookeries zauna gwaji yankunan da ajiye. A cikin tsibiran da Appolonova Stolichka iya ganin rare Atlantic dabbar walrus rookery. Akwai da yawa tsuntsu mazauna.

A musamman microclimate

"Rasha Arctic" (National Park a cikin Arkhangelsk yankin), yana da musamman microclimate. Park wuri na asali. Yana an wanke da biyu Arctic tekuna: da Barents da kuma Kara. A wannan yankin kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na Barents Sea ne ko da yaushe free daga kankara, da Kara Sea, da bambanci, ba daskare kawai a lokacin rani a kusa da bakin koguna. Irin wannan fasalin yanayi halitta wani na kwarai microclimate a wurin shakatawa, a cikin abin da akwai irin wannan iri-iri na fauna, wanda ba ya zama a kan wani daga cikin Arctic ƙasa.

fauna

"Rasha Arctic" - a National Park, m mazaunan inda musamman kananan. Akwai kawai 11 jinsin dabbobi, amma sun kasance duk musamman. Mafi yawansu da ake samu a cikin Littafi Red na Rasha: da Atlantic dabbar walrus da reindeer novozemelny, bowhead Whale, kuma a iyakacin duniya bear, narwhal da Minke Minke. A wurin shakatawa taka muhimmiyar rawa a kare Kara-Barents iyakacin duniya bear yawan jama'a. A wurin shakatawa zones tundra zauna Foxes (a kan sandararriyar tuddai) da kuma lemmings (kusa da ruwa).

"Rasha Arctic" - wani muhimmin mazauninsu yanki bowhead Whale, Spitsbergen daidai yawan al'ummarta. A farkon karni na 20th, wannan rare dabba mai shayarwa da aka kõra su zuwa ga nau'i nau'i. Yanzu yawan karuwa. A jihar bakin teku ruwa ne irin marine dabbobi masu shayarwa a matsayin bearded, da molo hatimi, da ringed hatimi, Atlantic dabbar walrus, hatimi, narwhal.

A avifauna

A avifauna na shakatawa ne mafi girma a cikin Rasha ta Arewa. Yanayi a cikin ƙasa m ga m yanayi mazauninsu da kuma nesting. Akwai isasshen abinci, musamman a lokacin da dumi lokaci, da yawa daga wurare domin gudãnar da sheƙarsu, akwai kusan babu yara. Sun Ptarmigan ne ƙasa da ake yin dusar ƙanƙara mujiya. A kan m bakin tsibirin nesting guillemots, iyakacin duniya guillemots, kadan auks, Kittiwake Common fari gull, magajin gari da kuma sauran iri tsuntsaye. Tare da duk iri-iri na avifauna wakilan daban-daban alƙarya da wuya shirya tare. Little auks zauna ga ~ ar teku kuma kada ku bar su ko da a cikin gida. Guillemots, a maimakon haka, a kan tudu kawai gida, da kuma duk sauran lokaci ciyar a cikin tẽku, kamar yadda gulls, kittiwakes. Da yara masu unguwanni da skuas shirya a kusa da manyan seabird nesting hidima su abinci.

National Park "Rasha Arctic" (Arkhangelsk) m to migratory tsuntsaye. Sun zo daga kudancin kasashen a farkon spring, a lokacin da ma'abota kakar. All passerines, fãce snow buntings ne migratory. Horned Lark, Lapland Bunting, kuka, tap dance a cikin gida na bushe ciyawa da kuma karkashin iyakacin duniya Willows. Iyali na ducks , ma, an wakilta a cikin "Rasha Arctic", akwai 12 jinsunan. Tare da sauran ruwa tare da tsuntsaye da suka sheƙa da abinci a kan Arctic tabkuna da kuma koguna. A watan Satumba replenish kajin mallaka ƙaura zuwa warmer wuraren.

Al'adu da tarihi da al'adunmu

National Park "Rasha Arctic" - wani wuri tare da wani na musamman da al'adu. Nan da mayar da hankali ga abubuwan da su da alaka da samu na tarihi na Arctic. An sani cewa a 11-12 ƙarni a kan ƙasa na wurin shakatawa da aka gudanar kiwon kifi, na tafi farauta domin dabbar walrus saboda su giwa, iyakacin duniya Foxes saboda su na kwarai Jawo, tsuntsaye da rare gashinsa. A farko Turai navigator wanda ya kai New Duniya, an Banasare Hyu Uillobi. Cikin jirgin a 1553 ya fita neman arewacin nassi daga Turai zuwa kasar Sin. Kai Novaya Zemlya kudu da kuma yin tasha a bakin kogin Varzina, daukacin ma'aikatan da aka kashe a karkashin m yanayi, yiwu ta carbon monoxide. Famous Dutch navigator Willem Barents a cikin marigayi 16th karni sanya shi ga New Duniya. Ya swam a kusa da arewacin tekun na Novaya Zemlya, wintering a tsibirin tare da ma'aikatan jirgin. A dawowar hanyar bincike terminally rashin lafiya scurvy. The ƙungiya koma gida tare da m kimiyya lura.

A farko Rasha navigator, ya tafi zuwa ga New Duniya, ya Fedor Rozmyslov. Ya shafe kimanin shekara guda a cikin balaguro, a lokacin da ya dauki rubutu, ta kwatanta yankin da kuma ta fasali, gudanar meteorological lura da surveying sabis. Ya ƙungiya isa bakin Matochkina kwano da aka tilasta komawa zuwa Arkhangelsk. A nuna na 19th kuma 20th ƙarni Novaya Zemlya tarin tsiburai fara ziyarci mafi sau da yawa, musamman ta Rasha bincike. A 1909, Vladimir Rusanov, Rasha navigator, sanya farko gagarumin cartographic bayanin irin New Duniya. A Soviet sau, a kan ƙasa na wurin shakatawa da aka za'ayi daban-daban da karatu.

A halin yanzu, aiyukan-yawon shakatawa da aka tasowa a nan. Duk iya ziyarci "Rasha Arctic" National Park. Hotuna da kuma bidiyo za a iya yi tare da Cruisers allon sakamakon Murmansk, kuma a lokacin yawa berths zuwa ƙasar tsibiran.