Iyakacin duniya Willow: photo da kuma bayanin. Yana kama da iyakacin duniya Willow a tundra

A tundra aka mamaye kawai wadanda shuke-shuke da suke iya yin tsayayya da rigors na ta yanayin damina. Tundra shimfidar marshy, peaty kuma m. Shrubs ba mamaye a nan. Su yankin na rarraba ba ya mika bayan iyakar taiga yankunan. Northern expanses rufe da rarrafe tare ƙasa Dwarf shuke-shuke tundra iyakacin duniya Willow, blueberries, cranberries da sauran Elfin.

Flora aka kafa mafi yawa gansakuka, lichen, sedges da fungi. Low ciyawa yanzu, sa'an nan katse gansakuka-lichen filõli. Bishiyoyi da shrubs an wakilta kananan siffofin. Akwai kawai don haka iyakacin duniya Willow Dwarf Birch. Tiny itatuwa a wasu wuraren da keta ta cikin serried Turf, da girma gaba ɗaya.

Salix polaris - Dwarf shrub

Musamman wakilin flowering shuke-shuke - iyakacin duniya Willow. Ko da yake ta ne ɓarna, kananan, har yanzu nasa ne da tundra shrubs maimakon ciyawa. Tiny plantlets tilasta saboda yanayi ba zama kamar sapling shrub da Dwarf, sunã mãsu sujada a ƙasa.

A bakin ciki itace mai tushe ƙarfafa da ƙaramar yawan dogon-rayu ganye, ba marmashe, kamar yadda sauran Willows a kaka. Suna rufe da dusar ƙanƙara zama kore. A shuka yana da biyu sunayen - a Dwarf Willow kuma Arctic. Iyakacin duniya Willow a tundra ba kadai. Tare da shi akwai wakilan Magadan, da Yenisei, ciyawa kuma da dama wasu yara breeds.

Sinadirai masu darajar da iyakacin duniya Willow

Willow bar - mai kyau abinci domin da reindeer. Suna, da za a bayyana ta a cikin hunturu, sun tono daga cikin dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin hunturu, shi harbe, buds da haushi kada ku manta da hares, partridges da hakori.

Arctic shrubs ganye ne edible. Nordic al'ummai tara shuka a nan gaba da kuma shirya daga shi quite m abinci. Suna cire deer ciki cika da ganye Boiled da ruwa a cikin abin da tafasa da shuka. A Chukchi ana ciyar da wata cakuda Willow ganye da kuma barewa jini. Eskimos seasoned nerpovym su kitse da jini. Bugu da kari, da ganye shirya ersatz shayi.

nazarin halittu description

Dada shrub herbaceous bayyanar yana dada Hawa itace-kututturan. Ganin hotuna, iyakacin duniya Willow wanda aka nuna, da kuma kun yi mãmãki - yadda m yanayi. Tiny kututturan kafa kankanin karkashin kasa da rassan. Su ba su son talakawa itatuwa ne takaice. Su tsawon bata wuce 3-5 cm.

A rarrafe tare da ƙasa, da rooting rawaya rassan suna located 'yan kankanin ganye suna nuna a kan saman tun daga tushensa. Lanceolate stipules ko da yake muhimmi a shuka, amma shi ne rare. Sau da yawa suka fi son zama mãsu fakowa ba. A ganyen da shaci taso keya, broadly ovate baya. Wani lokaci su ne reniform kuma kawai lokaci-lokaci elliptically broadly. Vershinki suka roundish.

A siffar da ganye sukan zira kwallon. A tushe sun kayyade wasu taso, wasu zuciya-dimbin yawa, da kuma cewa da wuya sosai Tapered Lines. A nan ne na iyakacin duniya Willow - m itace tundra. A kore ganye tare da mai santsi-kaifi sasanninta Matte saman da kasa da dan kadan m. A tsawon danda stalks kawai wani 1 santimita. A tsawon na leaflets Threaded uwa tiddly petioles, ba ya wuce 2.5 cm, yayin da nisa ba fiye da 1.3 cm.

A karshen flowering catkins dimbin yawa, yawanci oblong ko ovate. Number dada furanni a cikinta jeri daga 3 zuwa 17. A guda bracts Sikeli bayar mafi iyakacin duniya Willow. Wannan shĩ ne siffarsu: daga duhu launin ruwan kasa flakes ovate (wani lokacin da baya ovate) taso keya, concave siffofin hadu da jagged gezar.

Naked free biyu stamens. Suna da duhu bellow da oblong-ovoid quntata nectary. Kwai conical, haske tabarau na ji a farkon, m da lokaci, repainting a kore ko shunayya sautunan. A bamban stigmas bifid ya oblong-mikakke nectary.

Hakika, irin wannan bayani ba zai iya koyaushe a yi la'akari a cikin yanayi, har ma fiye da haka a cikin photo. Iyakacin duniya Willow, kamar sauran shuke-shuke, sosai karatu da masana kimiyyar a dakunan gwaje-gwaje.

A fannin Arctic Willow

A dominance na Hardy shuke-shuke fara a cikin iyakacin duniya Hamada, rufe da Arctic tsibirin, da kuma kara zuwa arewacin unguwannin Putorana tudu. A yankin kama Dwarf shrub tundra Scandinavian, Gabas Siberian, Chukchi da Kamchatka ƙasar. Yana lullube fadin expanses of Jan Mayen da Svalbard.

A ba-kawo karshen gwagwarmaya da korau sharuddan na cikin matsananci Arctic itace sami abin dogara da hanyoyin da za a tsira a cikin inhospitable arewacin wurare. A lokacin da kankara shekaru, a lokacin da m mãsu alãma daga gabatowa glaciers ya wuce, na iyakacin duniya Willow tilasta tattara zuwa kudu.

Gleiser ja jiki da baya a yarda ta sake kama da kuka fi so Northern Territory. An tabbaci kunshe a baya kan iyakoki, ya magance a cikin New Duniya da kuma Amirul Islands. A gudana Arctic narke taimaka inganta m shrub kan iyakoki don Far Arewa. Ya na da babban gudun (ga Dwarf shuke-shuke) da ke shiga cikin tundra da Arctic zone. Its yanki na karuwa a kowace shekara ta kilometer!

ƙasa

Tree yana da fadi da muhalli mawadãta. Suna zaba da ƙasa na daban-daban qagaggun. Kauce wa shi sai farar ƙasa, duk da haka, da kuma wani lokaci ana samu. Tana bun} asa a grassy, stony, lãka kasa hali na Arctic da mai tsayi tundra. Kaskantattu jakin m gona. Babu iyakacin duniya Willow a tundra zuwa unnecessarily kan-bushe ko overly gumi wurare.

By dũkiyar kasa shi ne sha'aninsu dabam. Duk da haka, shi ba ya son girma a high politrihovyh peat mounds dot da marshy yankunan. Sun tsautsayi acidic substrate, wanda aka ba son Dwarf shrubs. Amma shi ke tsiro a ko'ina a kan shiyya tundra gley kasa. Shuka sakaci kadan snow boroughs. Ya unsa nival, tare da mai kyau snow cover sasanninta.

Al'amarin da iyakacin duniya Willow

Ina jħfa duba, kusan ko'ina, fãce a arewacin yankunan, shrub daidaita zuwa gansakuka-lichen fuskoki. Irin wannan thallus - a stunner. Su iyakoki da cikakken kore, yellow, orange, ja da sauran launuka samar da wata fabulously kyawawan wurare. Willow kututturan suna ko da yaushe a nutsa cikin mossy Turf, da kuma ganye, a akasin haka, lẽƙãwa a kan surface na picturesque hillocks.

Tree daura da rushewar pebbles da blocky, cewa a fili ya nuna da photo. Iyakacin duniya Willow a tundra buya a kananan crevices kafa duwatsu. Tsakanin duwatsu ta sami inji kariya da kuma mafi mataki na ƙasa humus.

Duk da haka, saboda da yawa gansakuka da lichen phytocenoses shrub fi son sako-sako da tushensa. Shi ne da saman cewa an kafa hypnum bokoplodnymi gansakuka, liverwort da kuma irin wannan ciyayi.

Muhalli maharibai iyakacin duniya Willow

Makõmarsu Dwarf shrub karfe dutsen rududdugaggu Putorana. Ya samu mafaka a cikin kankanin crevices da kuma fasa, mai karko da kuma Kotuiskaya Anabar tudu. Ya snow-rufe thickets tsaurara maharibai warwatse m bel. Ba su kasa su ja jiki zuwa cikin daji tare da m gansakuka thalli, wanda ya kafa picturesque arewacin yanayin kasa.

Kuma a cikin dutsen kwaruruka na snow kama iyakacin duniya Willow? Akwai shi Forms wani m ƙunci. Yana rufe gaba daya lodges snowfields da kankara ne a kusa da kewaye jingina daga kananan ganye. Kuma a lokaci guda, da shuka ne m, a cikin sararin kwaruruka gandun daji tundra da kuma kudancin tundra.

Yana dissipated a kan nival ravines, a gindin arewacin gangara. Dwarf Willow thickets watsu Lakeside obomshelym sarƙaƙƙiya. Su aka rufe da skirting warai incised qarqashinsu.

Su aiki ne na girma a cikin hankula tundra. A yawa na Willow harbe bayanin kula a kunsa moraine wuri mai faɗi. Inda filayen da swarms na m tarkace bar ta glaciers motsa. A alluvial da alluvial zones rage rawar daji.

Zama da ban sha'awa, shi ya dubi kamar iyakacin duniya Willow, wanda photos to la'akari, hange tundra, a kan zana hotunan na kwarin qarqashinsu, kuma inda watersheds aka aza kuma kafa dellevye gidaje. A garuruwa da Ivkov-gansakuka-ciyawa thalli.

Dominance Willow shrubs a kan tundra

A gaban iyakacin duniya Willow tasowa ciyayi Arctic tundra. Kuma da Dwarf shrub rayayye ta mamaye mafi yawan upland phytocenoses. A takaice, ya Marinjãyi a Ivkov-gansakuka da ciyawa al'ummomi. Bugu da kari, shi ya lura da ruwan dare a dutsen jeri Byrranga.

M thickets na Dwarf Willow ƙware gansakuka tundra. Su gidan ya toshe crevices detrital tundra. Sun zama wani Haven dellevye gidaje, madaukai, a humus-arziki, girma da kuma yin dusar ƙanƙara garuruwa. Willow gaba ɗaya rufe polygonal rollers kwarin Marshes.

Willow Mountain

A cikin Willow bushes, kwana a cikin crevices tsakanin duwatsu, samun m hotuna. Iyakacin duniya Willow a dutsen shimfidar ba nadiri, shi ne memba na daban-daban habitats, kamawa a sararin ƙasa. Its ganye tsayin bristle a kusa da dutsen bel, yin hanyarsa ta zuwa saman. Ga shi ba ya jawo hankalin kawai danda scree a nezadernovannye gravelly yankunan.

Hawa zuwa tsawo na 300-400 mita, shi displaces dryad, zama wani mahimmin edificator dutsen tundra phytocenoses tasowa a saman bene. Bugu da kari, shi ne iya kau da a filin daga dutsen tsakuwa da yashi Willow monetolistnuyu m tafi a cikin steeps. Blocky guda rududdugaggun Shefela da tuddai overgrown Byrranga matasan iyakacin duniya Willow.