Rubuta Coelenterates: wakilan. Babban tsarin fasali na wakilan coelenterates

Yau mun faye hali wannan rukuni na dabbobi, a matsayin coelenterates. Wakilai, tsarin fasali, da abinci, da kuma haifuwa motsi na wadannan dabbobi - duk wannan za ka koyi da karanta labarin. Kama da furanni teku anemones, forming babbar rawa a karkashin ruwa murjãni kuma m umbellate jellyfish ne daga cikin mafi m mazaunan teku. Duk yadda daban-daban daga juna, waɗannan dabbobi, suka duka - coelenterates. Wakilai na wannan kungiya suna da yawa. Akwai fiye da 9000 jinsunan na cikin ruwa kwayoyin inhabiting yafi m ruwa.

Abin da unites coelenterates

Feature cewa ba ka damar mai da murjãni, jellyfish da ruwa tare hydra coelenterates zuwa - shi ne gaban janar narkewa kamar (ciki) rami a tsakiyar na jiki. waɗannan dabbobi jiki ne kafa ta concentric yadudduka na cell kungiyoyin cewa, samar da m kyallen takarda a wadda Kwayoyin aiki lauye kamar yadda sassa na dukan, maimakon m abubuwa na cell gungu, kamar yadda lura a Sponges. Coelenterates - wakilan da dabba duniya, wanda da farko ya kai irin wannan matakin na kungiyar a kan juyin tsani, kuma suka duk da kamance a cikin tsari da kuma wurin da nama.

Mazauna da kuma Kadaitaccen kwayoyin

Sea anemones, teku anemones ko - guda dabba da shuka kama Obelia (hoton sama) Forms mallaka na dama da ɗari mutane, polyps. A cikin akwati inda polyps ne daban-daban daga juna, suka magana game da polymorphic mazauna. Wasu mulkin mallaka marine coelenterates - wakilan ban sha'awa mana da irin a cikin abin da akwai mutum polyps domin abinci, kariya da kuma haifuwa, da kuma wani lokacin domin sake ma su matsugunni.

Saboda haka, za mu taƙaice bayyana wadannan dabbobi. Yanzu cewa kana da wasu ra'ayin su, mun ba da shawara a yi la'akari da babban fasali na wakilan Coelenterata irin tsarin.

A tsarin da coelenterates

Bakinka, kewaye da tentacles whisk qazanta harbin Kwayoyin, ya buɗe kai tsaye a cikin narkewa kamar kogo. A jikin bango bambanta da matsanancin Layer, ko ectoderm, m daga ciki (endodermal) a gelatinous Layer - mesoglea. Iya haifa ta hanyar dake tasowa ko jima'i wakilan coelenterates. Kuma misalai na biyu hanyoyin da za mu har yanzu suna nan a lokacin da magana game da kiwo. Maniyyi da kuma qwai an kafa a Game da namiji da mace jima'i gabobin.

Class wakilan ne Coelenterata nematotsity. Yana da wani makami na zargi da tsaro a wadannan dabbobi. Wasu daga cikin su suna gabatar a cikin azabtar paralyzing guba, wasu asirce wani m abu, wasu jefa entangle yarn. A daya karshen tantanin halitta ne m gashi, abubuwa a matsayin jawo. Idan dabba shãfe tanã gudãna da shi, nematotsit harbe. harbe-harben inji shi ne ba gaba ɗaya bayyana, amma an yi ĩmãni da shi ne hade da wani kaifi karuwa a ruwa matsa lamba a cikin kwantena. Kowane nematotsit da harbe-harben ne kawai sau daya, sa'an nan jefar.

raya ci gaban mataki

A sake zagayowar na ci gaba da yawa coelenterates iya ganin biyu sosai matakai daban-daban: Hakika, 'yanci (medusoid) a mataki na motsi da kuma mataki na attaching a zauna da kuma girma. Wannan na nufin cewa wasu jinsunan iya zauna duka biyu kasa shimfida, kuma da kauri daga cikin teku. Amma da suka mamaye ko dai da daya ko wasu mataki, wanda ya bayyana da fadi da dama siffofin coelenterates kungiyar.

A Obelia, msl, medusoid mataki yana da gwada da gajeren lokaci, bi da wani daina-mazauna gida a haɗe, da kuma wani hali sake zagayowar ga ci gaban coelenterates Hydrozoa kungiyar. Bayan kai ga mafi ƙarfinsa, Obelia mallaka kafa musamman siffofin polyps, wanda nuna jellyfish. A cikin aji Scyphozoa halin da ake ciki an juyawa: a nan ta mamaye medusoid mataki. The uku aji na coelenterates - Anthozoa, wanda ya hada da murjãni da tẽku anemones (hoton sama), a haɗe a duk mataki displaces medusoid. A duk wadannan kungiyoyin, qwai da maniyyi daga gonads fada kai tsaye located in wasu sassan na endodermal rufi da ciki rami sa'an nan ta bakin an fitad.

Daga hadu qwai ci gaba a cikin larvae, wanda settles zuwa kasa da kuma aka canza kama zuwa wani sabon mutum. Amma akwai jinsunan, musamman a tsakanin Hydrozoa, shi ne wani togiya. Alal misali, mambobin halittar Hydra (daya daga cikinsu ka iya gani a cikin hoto sama) ba shi da medusoid mataki da su hanya na rayuwa reminiscent na anemones, sai dai cewa su maniyyi da kuma qwai ci gaba a waje, maimakon a ciki a polyp. Kuma a can, a kan m, wa? Anda nau'in a wadda ta mamaye medusoid mataki, da kuma mataki na polyp ko dai karfi da rage ko babu.

agamobium

Idan aka kwatanta da hadaddun bambancin jima'i haifuwa, asexual wadannan kwayoyin alama sosai sauki tsari. Alal misali, wani wakilin coelenterates dabbobi, kamar Hydra, forming sabon mutane cewa toho daga cikin iyaye form. Wannan tsari ne da aka nuna a cikin hoto a kasa.

Amma anemones kawai ya raba a cikin rabin. Asexual yaduwa kuma iya kai ga samuwar daga mazauna daga cikin mutum polyps hada duka na ciki da rami.

A ikon haifa asexually cnidarian wajen, haka ma, abin da suka kasance quite sauki regenerate. Lalle ne, ko da wani karamin dabba iya ci gaba a cikin wani sabon mutum wanda shi ne cikakken m na jima'i haifuwa.

ikon coelenterates

Mai coelenterates abinci mai gina jiki taimaka tentacles kewaye da bakinsa. Kariminci studded tare da harbin sel (nematotsitami), wadannan tentacles shafi samar da ƙara ja da shi. Hulda da juna, da suka densely rufe da abinci da kuma tura shi a cikin ciki rami. Sa'an nan, da bakin da aka rufe da indodem Kwayoyin asirce a cikin ciki rami narkewa kamar enzymes. Hakar enzymes manne, ko juya shi a cikin wani sauƙi assimilated ruwa kayayyakin, ko a wani slurry na kananan barbashi cewa za a iya kama indodem Kwayoyin. Undigested abinci sharan an cire jiki cuts ta bakin ajar.

Ability don motsawa

All coelenterates motsa, ko da yake wannan tsari iya iyakance zuwa perturbation na tentacles, da kuma canje-canje a cikin jiki siffar. Movement coelenterates sanya ta cikin tsoka zaruruwa. Su ne duka a cikin ectoderm kuma a cikin indodem. Bugu da ƙari kuma, actinium tushe yakan hukunta bayar da tsoka zaruruwa, kyale wadannan dabbobi don matsawa a kan ƙasa. Ga alama kamar yadda idan suka slide a kan shi. Hydra ne ma iya motsa a cikin wannan hanya, amma shi motsa da sauri a kudi na wani irin "tumbling". Ko da sauki coelenterates motsi na bukatar wani daidaituwa. Wannan daidaituwa da aka kwashe yaxuwa cibiyar sadarwa na jijiya Kwayoyin iya shiga dabba nama da kuma game da shi forming m juyayi tsarin.

Saboda haka, za mu taƙaice bayyana irin Coelenterates. Wakilai daga shi kamar yadda za ka iya gani, sosai bambancin hanyoyi da yawa, yin wannan rukuni na kwayoyin ne musamman ban sha'awa.