Sanya platelet samar. Tsari da kuma aiki na platelets

The karami jini Kwayoyin suna platelets. Sun yi kama da makaman nukiliya-free tafiyarwa. Su diamita ne iya 4 microns, da kuma kauri - har zuwa 0.75 microns. Kowane lita na mutum jini platelet girma ne a daga 180 zuwa 350 x 10 ^9.

Hanyar bayyanar platelets

Platelets bayyana a cikin fragmentation na cytoplasm. Sun rabu da wata babbar bargo Kwayoyin - megakaryocytes. Su, bi da bi, su ne sakamakon endomitosis. Bayan rabuwa auku 3-5 hawan keke, a lokacin da chromosomes ake ninki biyu, amma cytoplasm aka kada ku rarraba. Wannan tsari masana kira bai cika division.

Yana da muhimmanci a gane cewa wurin samuwar platelets - mai ja bargo. Daga wannan da suka fita da shiga cikin jini. Amma wani uku na su a lokaci daya ajiye a cikin baƙin ciki. Wannan shi ne saboda da hankali da motsi a fadin meandering igiyoyinsu baƙin ciki. Sauran 2/3 ake zagawa da a cikin jini na wani talakawan na kwana bakwai. Matsakaicin rai span iya isa 12 days.

A nucleation faranti

Don gane da yadda a can ne mafi karami, da maikacin jini, shi wajibi ne don ba su sani ba kawai wurin da platelet samuwar. Yana da muhimmanci a bayyana aiwatar da su ci gaba. Saboda haka, shi ne kakan megakaryoblasts. Wannan manyan cell size of wanda 20 microns da core. Ya ƙunshi nucleotides. Megakaryoblasts canza kama zuwa promegakaryocyte. Wannan tsari ne yiwuwa ga polimorfizu tsakiya, cytoplasm ta hatsi-free, basophilic.

A na gaba mataki na ci gaba ne da megakaryocyte. Wannan babban cell a bargo, da diamita daga wanda yake daga 60 zuwa 120 microns. Yana da wani m core, wanda zai iya daukar wani sosai m form. A cytoplasm shi ne babban a size, shi ne wani granular inclusions na ruwan hoda, da shunayya.

A penultimate mataki ne bayyanar megakaryocyte trombotsitogennogo. Bãya gare shi riga gano kai tsaye platelets. Sun rabu da cytoplasm megakaryocyte. Duk wannan daukan wuri a cikin bargo ne na farko site na platelet samuwar.

kadaici faranti

Trombotsitogennye megakaryocytes a cikin bargo ne a kan endothelial surface, da ake kira sinus. Su cytoplasmic matakai ratsa shi. Wasu daga cikin su shiga cikin sinus lumen 1-2 microns da kuma gyarawa a kan megakaryocyte endothelium. Su za su bauta a matsayin anga. Sauran matakai - dogon cytoplasmic tef tsawon zo zuwa 120 microns. Sun wuce, ta hanyar da lumen na sinus. Su kira prothrombocytes. Kowane megakaryocyte iya zama daga 6 zuwa 8.

gida akan rage cytoplasm fara a cikin sinus lumen. A sakamakon haka, shi ne karye, kuma akwai kimanin 1000 da mutum platelets. Wannan wuri platelet samuwar ba ko da wuce. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin jini kuma fada prothrombocytes. Suna isa huhu microvasculature, akwai aka saki cikakken platelets. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa akwai mafi daga gare su a cikin huhu jijiyoyinmu fiye da a cikin m jijiyoyi. Yana ne na ƙwarai da cewa su za a iya kafa ko da daga 7 zuwa 17% na platelets wucewa ta cikin jini.

iri Kwayoyin

Masana sun bambanta da dama siffofin da karami da maikacin jini. Dabam ware matasa platelets. Idan aka kwatanta da balagagge siffofin da suke bambanta da in mun gwada manyan size, sparse grit da bluish gialomer. Su samuwar tsoma karfafa bargo, shi ne sau da yawa hade da gagarumin jini hasãra.

Suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin bayyanar da haihuwa platelets. A karkashin madubi hoto yale mu mu yi la'akari da cewa suna da wani kunkuntar baki, babban adadin vacuoles da granules. Suka sãɓã wa jũna sababbu contours, m granulomerom cewa zai iya zauna dukan platelet. Wuce kima adadin su ya nuna bayyanar mai m ƙari.

Dabam, gano siffofin hangula. Yana otshnurovaniya daga megakaryocytes bayyana a take hakkin rabuwa tsari. Su gaban shaida da cututtuka na jini. Su sau da yawa kama da kananan ko, conversely, giant platelets mutum jini.

Yadda aka saba, da jini dole ne fiye da 90% na balagagge nau'i na platelets. Bã su da wani discoidal siffar da kaifafan gefuna, granulomerom tsakiya shirya, wanda ya ƙunshi 5-20 azurophilic granules, Lilac gialomerom.

tafiyar matakai na rayuwa

Bayyana a cikin bargo, Kwayoyin bar babban wuri na platelet samuwar. Af, su samar da shi ne kayyade trombotsitopoetinami. Su, bi da bi, ya bayyana ba kawai a cikin bargo, amma kuma da baƙin ciki, kuma hanta. Masana sun gano biyu trombotsitopoetinov kungiyar. Suna iya zama dogon ko gajere mataki. A farko daga gare su inganta cikakken maturation da kuma bambance na megakaryocytes, da kuma karshen bunkasa tsakiyan nonon daga wadannan kananan faranti da kuma hanzarta shigar azzakari cikin farji cikin jini.

Platelets hallaka, wanda photos za a iya gani a mahara karuwa ne, a kan talakawan, a mako aiki. Wannan tsari faruwa yafi a cikin bargo, amma kuma decompose wadannan jini Kwayoyin a cikin baƙin ciki da kuma hanta. Halakar daukan wuri a cikin tsarin na musamman Kwayoyin kira macrophages.

tsarin records

Kowane balagagge platelet za a iya raba uku zones. A gefe bangare ne uku-Layer membrane. Ya ƙunshi rabe ga collagen, serotonin, thrombin, epinephrine, ADP. A cikin matsanancin rabo daga membrane ne na musamman amorphous Layer kunsha daga cikin abubuwan da alhakin clotting na jini jini.

Middle Layer ne mai Sol-gel. Akwai musamman tashoshi da samun waje da membrane. Har ila yau microfilaments Layer qunshi wani cajin na Disc-dimbin yawa faranti. A Properties na wannan ɓangare na platelet dogara a kan yadda za a daina raina na wani jini gudan jini.

Har ila yau ware wasu gabbansa zone. Ya ƙunshi glycogen da alpha-granules, m jikinsu, da mitochondria.

ayyuka

Koyi yadda za a bayyana yadda aka bayyana kananan barbashi na jini, da yawa suna fara mamaki da abin da ke sa platelets. Suna nufin su shiga a hemostasis, taimaka gyara lalace jini. Wannan ne ya sa yiwu godiya ga cewa su za a iya a haɗe zuwa lalace ganuwar da kuma mayar da su. Har ila yau, wadannan Kwayoyin da ake bukata domin hana zub da jini da kuma primary fitarwa nazarin halittu ruwaye daga cikin jini.

Samar da kisan ce platelet ayyuka Properties: mannewa da kuma tari. Saboda haka kiran su da ikon da za a haɗe zuwa subendothelium kuma tsaya tare.