Sarkin Urdun da iyalinsa

Sarakunan Urdun sun kira kansu ga Ubangiji, wato, 'ya'yan Hashim, babban kakan Annabi Muhammadu. Duk wanda ake kira Abbasid Caliphs, wanda ya mallaki Khalifanci na Larabawa daga rabi na biyu na karni na 13, ya kasance cikin wannan iyali. Har zuwa hallaka a karni na XIII. Da farko a ƙarshen karni na goma sha biyar, sarakunan Hashemite sun yi mulki a cibiyar addinin Musulmai - Makka. Dan dan sarki ne kuma ya zama sarki na farko na Jordan, Abdullah I. Tun da kasar ta sami 'yancin kai a 1946, sarakuna hudu sun maye gurbinsa. Tarihin mafi girma a cikin tarihi ya bar ta na uku na Sarkin Jordan Hussein da dansa - Sarkin yanzu Abdullah II.

Yara da matasa na Sarki Hussein

Sarki Hussein na Jordan ya haifa a Amman a 1935. A nan ya karbi ilimi na farko, wanda ya ci gaba a Misira. Bayan haka ya ci gaba da karatunsa a Ingila a Harrow School da Sandhurst Military Academy, inda ya yi abokantaka da dan uwansa na biyu Sarki Faisal II na Iraki.

Ranar 20 ga Yuli, 1951, Sarkin farko na Jordan, Abdullah I, tare da Yarima Hussein, ya tafi Urushalima don yin addu'a a Jumma'a a Masallacin Al-Aqsa. A lokacin bikin, wani ɗan Palasdinawa ya bude wuta a kan sarki, kuma aka kashe shi. Hussein mai shekaru 15 ya gudu zuwa bin dan bindigar. Masu kallo sun shaida cewa dan bindigar ya harbe shi a matsayin dan sarki, amma jaridar ta kaddamar da lambar yabo a kan kaya, wanda ya kaddamar da shi.

Menene dalili na irin wannan ƙiyayya da Palasdinawa ga jagoran Jordan? Gaskiyar ita ce, a 1947-1949. Jordan annexed tsohon Birtaniya umarni na Birtaniya Empire, da West Bank of Kogin Urdun , tare da Gabas Urushalima, wanda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka nufi zuwa sama da ƙasa na sabon Arab Jihar Palestine. Ƙungiyar ta kasance tare da wani taro da aka fitar daga Yahudawa zuwa ga sabuwar halitta Isra'ila. Tun daga wannan lokacin, wannan ƙasa, kuma musamman rabuwa zuwa yankunan Yahudawa da Larabawa na Urushalima, ya zama tushen tushen rikici wanda ya haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe biyu.

Yanayin da aka dauka ga kursiyin

Na farko, mahaifin Hussein ya zama dan farin Abdullah I Talal. Amma daga baya, watanni goma sha uku bayan haka, an tilasta masa ya kaucewa cikin yanayin tunaninsa (likitoci na Turai da Larabawa da aka gano schizophrenia). Saboda haka, dan shekaru 16 mai suna Yarima Hussein ya zama Sarkin Sarkin Hashemite na Jordan a ranar 11 ga Agustan 1952. Da farko, kafin sarki ya samu rinjaye, kasar tana da majalisa. Hakan ya faru ne a watan Mayun shekarar 1953, mamayewar Hussein a cikin kursiyin.

Yanayin da ya jagoranci War Day-Six

Shekaru uku bayan da aka rufe shi, Sarkin Jordan, Hussein, ya maye gurbin dukan shugabannin Birtaniya da sojojin Jordan. Wannan mataki ya ba shi cikakken cikakken goyon bayan soja.

A cikin shekarun 1960, Hussein yayi kokarin magance matsalolin yankunan da Isra'ila tare da zaman lafiya. Wannan manufar ba daidai ba ne da manufofin Iraki, Siriya da Masar wadanda shugabancin Nasser ya jagoranci, wadanda ƙasashen larabawa suka rinjaye su, wanda hakan ya ƙi yiwuwar kasancewar Yahudawa.

Wannan lamari ya rikitarwa da cewa kungiyar Palasdinu ta kungiyoyin 'yan ta'adda da ke Syria, Jordan da Masar da kuma neman su kafa kansu, sun fara yaki da Isra'ila, wanda ya kori yammacin Urushalima.

Kasancewar tashin hankali tsakanin kasashen Larabawa da Isra'ila ya haifar da wani hari na kwanaki shida na jini a lokacin rani na 1967, sakamakon haka aka fitar da sojojin Jordan daga West Bank da gabashin Urushalima, sojojin Masar daga yankin Sinai da Siriya daga Gidan Golan. .

Bayan yakin, Jordan ya fara samun karfin taimakon tattalin arziki daga Amurka. {Asar Amirka ta yi} o} arin lalata wa] ansu} asashen Larabawa, wa] anda suka ha] a kai, kuma wannan ya samu nasara.

A cikin watan Satumba 1970, Hussein Hussein na Jordan ya umurci koriyar kungiyar Palasdinawa ta Palestine daga kasarsa. Hakan ya kai hare-hare a kan 'yan ta'addan Palasdinawa har zuwa Yuli 1971, lokacin da aka kai dubban Palasdinu zuwa Labanon. Duk da haka, Jordan ba ta daina da'awar da'awarta zuwa West Bank na Jordan da gabas Urushalima.

Doomsday War

Shugaban kasar Masar Anwar Sadat, shugaban kasar Syria Hafez al-Assad da Sarki Hussein na Jordan ya gana a cikin farkon kaka na shekarar 1973, don tattauna da yiwuwar wani sabon yaki da Isra'ila. Hussein, yana tsoron sababbin asarar yankuna, ya ki shiga ciki. Bai yi imani da alkawuran da Sadat da shugaban kungiyar PLAS Yasser Arafat suka yi ba, don samun nasara, don canjawa da West Bank na Jordan. A daren Satumba 25, Hussein ya tashi a Tel Aviv a cikin jirgin saukar jirgin sama domin ya gargadi Firayim Ministan Isra'ila Goldu Meir game da harin da ake ciki.

Ranar 6 ga watan Oktobar, 1973, Syria da Misira sun kai hari kan Isra'ila ba tare da taimakon Jordan ba. Yaƙin ya ci gaba har zuwa Janairu 1974. Misira na sake dawowa yankin Sinai, amma sauran yankunan da Isra'ila ta ragu a lokacin yakin kwanaki shida ya kasance a karkashin ikonsa.

Salama tare da Isra'ila

Duk da sanya hannu na 1978 Camp David yarjejeniya tsakanin Misira da kuma Isra'ila, Jordan ci gaba da yin kuka ga karshen a kan West Bank , kuma ƙa'ida a yaki tare da shi. Yayinda Amurka ta kulla yarjejeniya ta tsawon lokaci, har zuwa ƙarshe, a shekarar 1994, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tsakanin Isra'ila da Jordan, bisa ga yadda Jordan ya yarda da hada ƙasar Palasdinawa a Isra'ila a kan haƙƙin haƙƙin haƙƙin mallakar.

Hussein ya ci gaba da yin shawarwari a tattaunawar tsakanin Isra'ila da Palasdinawa, wanda a shekarar 1997 ya jagoranci yarjejeniyar da aka dakatar da dakarun Isra'ila daga manyan biranen da ke yammacin Yammaci.

Rashin lafiya da mutuwar Sarki Hussein

A karshen Yuli 1998, an sanar da cewa Hussein an gano shi da ciwon daji. Ya tafi asibitin Mayo a Amurka, inda ya gudanar da magani mai tsanani, wanda, duk da haka, bai samar da sakamakon da ake bukata ba. Wannan shine karo na biyu na dan shekaru 62 mai shekaru 62 da ciwon daji; Ya rasa koda saboda wannan cuta a 1992. Lokacin da babu fata cewa za a iya cutar da cutar, Hussein ya nada dan Abdullah a matsayin magajinsa kuma a cikin Fabrairun 1999 ya koma Amman.

Bayan ya dawo Jordan, an gaishe shi da 'yan uwansa, ministoci, membobin majalisa, wakilan kasashen waje da kuma taron jama'ar Jordan, wadanda, kamar yadda jami'an gwamnatin Jordan suka tattara, sun kai miliyan 3. Bayan kwana biyu bayan dawowarsa, Sarki Hussein, yana kasancewa a cikin asibitoci a kan tallafi na rayuwa, an cire shi daga kayan aiki na rayuwa.

A kan kursiyin ya maye gurbin Sarki Abdullah II na Jordan.

Sarkin Urdun Hussein da matarsa

Sarkin ya yi aure sau hudu. Daga matarsa na farko, Sharifa, yana da 'yar, Alia. Aure tare da matarsa na biyu Antoinette Gardner, ya fito da Hussein 'ya'ya hudu:' ya'yan Abdallah (wanda aka haifi a 1962, sarki na yanzu) da Fisal, da 'ya'ya mata Aisha da Zane. Matar ta uku, Aliya, wanda aka kashe a cikin jirgin sama a 1977, ta haifi Hussein 'yar Khayyu da dan Ali. Kuma a ƙarshe, matar ta hudu ta haifi mahaifiyar Liza: 'ya'yan Hamza da Hasim, da' ya'yan Iman da Raiva.

Sarkin yanzu na Jordan

Menene Sarki Abdullah ya kawo kasar? Jordan ita ce mulkin mulki, wanda sarki yake da iko mai yawa. Tattalin arzikin Jordan ya karu ne tun lokacin da Abdullah ya hau kursiyin a 1999 saboda karuwa da zuba jari na kasashen waje, da yada ayyukan haɗin gwiwar jama'a da masu zaman kansu da kuma samar da yankuna masu cinikayya da dama. A sakamakon wadannan canje-canjen, haɓakar tattalin arzikin Jordan ya ninka biyu idan aka kwatanta da rabi na biyu na 1990s kuma ya kai kashi 6 cikin dari a kowace shekara.

Wadanne nasarori ne Sarki Abdullah ya rubuta a cikin kadarinsa? Jordan tare da shi ya kammala yarjejeniyar ciniki tare da Amurka, wanda shine karo na uku irin wannan yarjejeniya ga Amurka da kuma na farko tare da kasashen Larabawa.

Harkokin tattalin arziƙin duniya da abin da ake kira "Arab Arabe" wanda ya biyo baya ya haifar da rashin zaman siyasa a Jordan. A 2011-2012. A cikin kasar akwai zanga-zangar zanga-zangar lokaci da ba'a damu da halin da ake ciki na tattalin arziki ba. Duk da haka, tsarin kwantar da hankali na Abdallah ya taimaka wajen ragowar rashin amincewar yanayi da kuma karfafa yanayin da ake ciki a kasar.

Rayuwar mutum

Ba kamar mahaifinsa ba, Sarkin Jordan Jordan Abdullah ya yarda da ra'ayin Turai game da aure. Matarsa kawai, Rania, ta haifa masa 'ya'ya hudu:' ya'yan Hussein (Prince Crown) da Hashim, da 'ya'ya mata na Iman da Salma. An haifi matar Sarkin Jordan a Kuwait daga iyayen Palasdinu. Ta yi karatu a Kuwait, Misira da Amurka. Kafin ganawa da Ablalla a 1993, ta yi aiki a ofishin bankin Citibank a Amman. Matar Sarki na Jordan, a photo na wanda aka nuna a kasa, shi ne wani zamani mutum, sosai aiki a kan social networks, YouTube, Facebook da kuma Twitter. Rania aka dauke su wani manufa hanyar zamani Arab mace, free daga rashin fahimta, amma shi ne wanda ya sanya da fore gargajiya iyali dabi'u.

Tana da ra'ayin cewa 'ya'yan sarauta su san rayuwa ta ainihi. Iyalin Sarkin Urdun yana da kyakkyawan budewa da dimokuradiyya, kuma babban abin da ke cikin wannan shine Rania. Bugu da kari, ba ta ƙin wasu lokuta na jin dadi na matsayin sarauta, kamar su takalma na zinariya da nauyin 400 g, wanda aka auna da duwatsu masu daraja.