Shale gas - ƙarin tushen samar da makamashi da kuma matsalolin

Shale gas ne a irin iskar gas, shi ne hada yawanci methane da mayar da hankali a shales.

Shale dutse kira nadawa na dama yadudduka a layi daya ga low-zazzabi ma'adanai (chlorite, sericite, actinolite, muscovite et al.).

Wadannan kankara halayyar ikon sauƙi raba cikin faranti kafa sarari (haraji) tsakanin wanda accumulates shale gas.

Mutum haraji ba m gas reserves, amma, duk da haka, suna isa ya shirya sayar da samar.

Shale adibas samu a kowace nahiyar, da cewa kasar na iya sa wani ba maras tabbas, samar da zama dole albarkatu.

Hakar wannan gas kudin ne m saboda gaskiyar cewa asalin shi da wata dangantaka da bude daga manyan fannoni, ta amfani da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa karaya fasahar (na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa tafki) da kuma m hakowa na dogon ramuka a manyan lambobin, samar a kansu da wani crack for gas famfo.

gas samarwa

A farko sayar da samar da iskar gas daga shale adibas a Amurka sun za'ayi.

Daga baya inganta fasahar, hada tsaye da kuma a kwance hakowa, wanda ya rage kudin gas.

Yau shale gas ake samar da dauke da fitar da hakowa na tsaye ko a kwance rijiyoyin amfani multiotvodov a wannan zurfin da multistage rijiyoyin (kwance) a kanti har zuwa uku kilomita.

Technology samar shale gas allura rijiyoyin ya fadi na sukar a cakuda ruwa, yashi da kuma sunadarai. Ruwa guduma ya auku, wanda karya saukar da gas tafki ganuwar, wanda damar zuwa tsotso zuwa surface na duk samuwa gas.

Takamaiman hakowa fasahar amfani da wani m m 3DGEO girgizar kasa tallan kayan kawa, wanda hadawa ma'aunan kasa da karatu da kuma zanen taswira da kwamfuta aiki na bayanai, ciki har da na gani.

Takamaiman kyau hakowa kamata a da za'ayi tare da m game da dukan dokokin, misali, daidai hakowa kwana kamata ta dace da kwana na son na shale samuwar.

Shale gas kayayyaki

The kudin gas samarwa ne m da irin wannan Manuniya:

- abun ciki na da wuya Sands daga lãka, wanda shi ne iya sha da makamashi na karaya, wanda qara adadin sunadarai yi amfani da tasiri a kan kudin.

- sulfur dioxide (ƙananan hada kudi na sulfur dioxide gas qara kudi a aiwatar).

- kerogen ciki.

- samar da halin kaka a lokacin farin ciki shales da thermally karfi na zuwa Paleozoic da Mesozoic lokaci.

- nuni da abinda ke ciki na silica (mafi girma shi ne, da mafi gaggautsa shale da rage tsadar).

abũbuwan amfãni daga samarwa

- cigaban shale adibas yin amfani da karaya iya za'ayi a densely lugar yankunan.

- kusanci shale gas filayen don kawo karshen masu amfani.

- samar gudanar ba tare da saki da greenhouse gas.

shortcomings

- tare da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa karaya fasahar na bukatar manyan yawa na ruwa kusa da filin, da ruwa da aka gurbata da wuya da za a zubar.

- shale rijiyoyin ne kasa m, a yi amfani da fiye da na al'ada.

- ya fadi na sukar rijiyoyin rage kwarara kudi sosai hanzari - by 30-40% a kowace shekara.

- cire shale gas, ta amfani game da 85 mai guba jamiái, ko da yake daidai lambobin ne sirri.

- hakar methane gas da aka muhimmanci rasa, wanda qara greenhouse sakamako .

- riba na samar da ya dace kawai a gaban high gas rates da kuma bukatar.

- tsoho shale adibas da high matakan da gamma radiation, wanda qara bango radiation a sakamakon da karaya.

Muhalli da kuma shale gas

Idan shale gas ne data kasance fasahar ba zai iya zama mai yiwuwa madadin to halitta.

Duk da haka, tare da mai da hankali iko da muhalli gas hakar daga mai shale shi ne zai yiwu a sparsely lugar yankunan.