Shawagi dinosaur: iri, description, asalin

Kamar yadda zamani masana binciken burbushin halittu, giant tsoho dabbobi masu rarrafe ya fara gano da na ruwa kashi a karshen da Permian lokaci na rayuwarsa a duniya. Masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa zamanin d dabbobi masu rarrafe cikin rayuwarsa ko da yaushe ya zo da baya a cikin ruwa. Dalilin da cewa - wani yawa na karkashin ruwa abinci kuma, ba shakka, aminci.

A tekuna, da tekuna

Abin mamaki, cewa rayuwa a cikin teku, da teku ba a nema daga zamanin d dabbobi masu rarrafe a muhimman hakkokin sake fasalin kudin na jiki: daya yana da kawai ya tuna da zamani dabbobi masu rarrafe da cewa rayuwa a cikin ruwa, amma tare da quite a ƙasar siffar. Alal misali, shi crocodiles ko marine iguana.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa yunkuri da kuma ikon da dinosaur a cikin ruwa - shi ta makamashi ta halin kaka asusu domin kawai kwata daga halin kaka zama dole domin su motsi da kuma ciyar da kai tsaye a kan ƙasa! Musamman sauƙi koma ga ruwa don haka ya kira m dinosaur - matattu karshen a juyin halitta. Amma shi ke wani labari.

A farko tashi dinosaur - su waye ne?

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa na farko gaskiya ruwa jinsunan dinosaur sun kasance Permian Mesosaur wakiltar anapsid subclass. Tuni bayan su a cikin ruwa koma ga wakilan da ake kira m Diapsid: tangozavry, hovazavrusy da klaudiozavry.

Dukan su mallakar domin eozuhy, kuma ya kai tsawon kawai 50 cm. Kawai a tsakiyar Triassic lokaci, yawo dinosaur "girma" har zuwa mita biyu dogon fuskanta karshe a cikin tsanani da kuma ko da hatsari dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Azahiri da suka yi kama da yau newts daga aji na halittar dabba mai kafafuwa: ruwa eozuhii da dogon wutsiya, mĩƙe a tarnaƙi kuma dagi wucewa baya ta cikin jiki. A Triassic a duniya akwai ba fiye da 5 ruwa dabbobi masu rarrafe kungiyoyin. Daya daga cikin su mu tattauna - shi ne ruwa eozuhii. Bari mu bincika a cikin daki-daki, kuma sauran iri tashi dinosaur.

placodont

Azahiri, wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe kama kananan dogon-tailed hatimi. Su tsawon aka kasa da 1.5 m. Placodont streamlined jiki da kuma yana da wata dogara sanda siffar. Shugaban kananan, short kafafu. Hanyar yin iyo dinosaur na zuwa placodont kungiyar ba su sãɓã ba musamman iri-iri: dabbobi masu rarrafe kawai miƙa tare jikinsa m gajerun kafafu, da kuma na iyo kamar kadan torpedoes.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da dukan gaskiya game da dinosaur-placodont kamar yadda wasu na cikin ruwa dabbobi masu rarrafe, tana tattare a cikin duhu da asiri. Masana kimiyya sun karkata zuwa yi imani da cewa wannan - zuriyar wasu tsoho anapsid. Duk da haka, shekaru placodont ya short - wadannan halittu sun samo asali ne a farkon Triassic, amma ta wurin karshen gaba daya bitattu.

nothosaurus

Wannan shi ne daya more Flying dinosaur ne da suka rayu a cikin Triassic zamanin. Su size kai 4 m, a tsawon, amma mafi yawan su sun kasance har yanzu muhimmanci kasa. Carnivorous dabbobi masu rarrafe da streamlined jiki, short wutsiya, a wajen m wuyansa, daidai da tsawon jiki.

Suna da wani kananan kai tare da bakinka dauke da makamai kaifi hakora. Wadannan halitta ya koma a cikin ruwa ta wajen maimaita ƙungiyoyi wutsiya da samar da wani tuki da karfi, kazalika, ta hanyar da webbed ƙafafunsa.

Nothosaurus idan da bukatar tashi, sai suka yi sauƙi hawa zuwa rairayin bakin teku da kuma basking a rana. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa yara sun Crossopterygii tsoho jinsunan kifaye. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin biyu da rabi na Triassic lokaci, wadannan halittu Mun halitta mai raba reshe na yanzu sanannun cikin ruwa da yara - plesiosaurs. Kansu nothosaurus dadaddun da ƙarshen Triassic.

Tallatozavry

Wakilai na wannan kungiya yayi kama nothosaurus sama, kawai wuyansa ya fi guntu, kuma ya fi girma shugaban. Hanyar yin iyo dinosaur wannan kungiyar ba za a iya kira na musamman: da ba su kasance sunã kwale ya paws, kuma kawai ja su tare da jiki kamar yadda placodont.

Masana kimiyya sun karkata zuwa yi imani da cewa akwai lokatan wadannan halittu daga wasu tsoho da kuma m anapsid, girmi baya aka ambata ruwa eozuhii. Suka mutu fitar da ƙarshen Triassic, kamar yadda nothosaurus. Babu zuriyarsa bayan shi sun bar.

ichthyosaurs

Wannan karshen kungiyar, wanda aka wakilta cikin shahararrun a duk faɗin duniya tashi dinosaur - ichthyosaurs. Ichthyosaurs mafi alhẽri daga wani dinosaur aka saba da rayuwa da kuma rayuwa a cikin teku, da tekuna. An sani cewa wadannan yara - Diapsid zuriyarsu, kuma abin da daidai - shi ne ba a sani ba. Ichthyosaurs bayyana a cikin Permian lokaci, ko da yake mafi tsufa ragowar wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna kwanan rana ƙananan Triassic lokaci.

Azahiri ichthyosaurs maimata da ita siffar yau kifi. Su triangular kai tare da mara tausayi yakan kishi jaws kama da dabbobin ruwa shugaban. Mĩƙe laterally jiki tsaye ruwa wutsiya da paws juya a cikin fins, yin su daban-daban daga duk da magabata ruwa.

Giant iyo daga dinosaur

Name shi liopleurodon. Shi ne mafi girma na cikin ruwa da yara a kowane lokaci, shi ne mafi karatu jinsunan. Its girma har yanzu batun kimiyya shawarwari mazajensu. Mai masana, liopleurodon a tsawon iya isa 25 mita kuma ku auna nauyi - har zuwa 150 ton! A cewar wasu, shi ne mafi girma predator da suka taba rayuwa a duniya. Af, ya kasance da waɗanda suka riga aka ambata, da kuma plesiosaurs rayu a cikin Jurassic lokaci.