Ƙarshen shekaru XV-th da dukan ƙarni na XVI ya zama Turai a lokacin juyin juya hali. Wannan shi ne zamanin da Great Kasa binciken, wanda zai kai ga dukan duniya zuwa manyan sikelin-canje-canje, da gaske ta hanyar mayar da bayyanar. Bugu da ƙari, da sauƙin bayyanar sababbin yankuna a kwashe 'yan Turai da fitowar jihohi a nan gaba, wadannan tafiye-tafiye sun haifar da canji a cikin dukan duniya game da al'ummomin Tsohuwar Duniya. Tabbatar da gaskiyar cewa ƙasã aka zagaye, ba zama hukunci a Yunƙurin na humanism da manufa na kimiyya da ilmi ba, amma ya riga ya muhimmanci taimako ga kwata 'yanci na Turai daga tsakiyar zamanai, addini scholasticism. Bugu da ƙari, bude sababbin hanyoyin kasuwanci, sabon nau'i na bawa mai girma, kafa tsarin mulkin mallaka, bayyanar da ke cikin Turai na kundin zinari na ma'adinai na Mesoamerican ya haifar da sauye-sauye a harkokin zamantakewar tattalin arziki da siyasa a cikin tsohuwar duniya. Duk wannan ya ba da gudummawa wajen bayyanar jari-hujja, ƙungiyoyin jama'a, manufar al'ummomi, a gaba ɗaya, duniya kamar yadda muka sani yanzu.
Abin tunawa ga masu bincike
Hakika, lokacin babban nasarori ba zai iya barin 'yan Turai kawai da jaruntarsu ba cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Su ne wadanda suka shiga cikin tafiya, samar da abubuwan da ake bukata don sabuwar duniya da wadanda suka yi wannan tafiya ta hanyar aiki. Yau a Lisbon ya zama abin tunawa ga masu binciken, wadanda ba su da rai a cikin siffofin dutse 33 da suka taimaka wajen binciken. Alamar tana faruwa a kan tekun Atlantik, kuma fuskoki suna kai tsaye ga bakin teku, inda dakin jiragen ruwa suka kai kimanin shekaru dari biyar da suka wuce don neman sabuwar duniya.
Wanene Amerigo Vespucci?
Sunan mutumin nan bai kasance cikin masu binciken ba, wanda bai mutu ba a dutse a bakin tekun Portugal. Duk da haka, ya rinjayi cigaban abubuwan da suka faru ba kasa da wasu ba. Amerigo Vespucci shi ne dan wani sanarwa mai suna Florentine. A cikin matashi, ya sami ilimi mai kyau, ilimin kimiyyar lissafi, astronomy, aikin ruwa, Latin da tauhidin. A cikin shekara ta 1490, ya shiga hidima a gidan kasuwa, wanda yake a Seville kuma mai suna Donato Berardi ya mallaki shi. Wannan lamari ne mai muhimmanci a cikin yarinyar saurayi, tun da yake wannan gidan kasuwa ce wanda ke da izinin tafiya a kan Christopher Columbus. Babu shakka, saninsu ya faru a wannan lokacin.
To, wanene ya gano New World?
A yau, mutane da yawa sun san abin da nahiyar Amerig Vespucci ta gano, kuma wanda bai san ba, yana da wuyar fahimtar sunan nahiyar da yake da wannan sunan. Duk da haka, mu memory kuma ya ce da farko Turai don gane New World, ya zama Hristofor Kolumb. To me yasa hakan ya faru? Me ya sa ake kira nahiyar a bayan Amerigo Vespucci - Amurka? A karo na farko a cikin wannan zamanin , Turawa Gida a tsibirin kusa da wannan nahiyar a 1492. Wannan shi ne horon Christopher Columbus, kuma babu wani a yau da ya sa ya cancanci budewa. Duk da haka, matafiyi bai fahimta ba har sai mutuwarsa (a 1506) bai san cewa ya sami sabon hanyar zuwa Indiya ba sabon abu. Wannan binciken ya fito ne daga Amerigo Vespucci, wanda wanda ya samu nasara ta hanyar nasarar wasu matafiya, ya yi tafiyar kansa zuwa ƙasashe masu ban mamaki a 1499 zuwa 1501. Bayan karatun tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma komawa Turai, shi ne na farko da ya ce a kasashen waje, a fili, an sami sabuwar sabuwar nahiyar, ba Asia ba kuma tsibirin, kuma yana jiran karatunsa. Musamman, an nuna wannan a harafin Amerigo zuwa Medici a 1503. Sakamakon sunan zuwa ga nahiyar ya rinjayi gaskiyar cewa Florentine ya wallafa wasu bayanai a kan tafiyarsa, yana gabatar da Turai ga kasashen waje. Abin da Columbus bai yi ba. Duk da haka, yana da kyau a lura cewa Amerigo bai taba farawa da sunan nahiyar a cikin girmamawa ba kuma bazai san ko da shi har sai mutuwarsa ba. Wannan shirin ya kasance a cikin 'yan jarida na Turai tun farkon karni na XVI, wanda ya saba da abubuwan da aka gano, musamman a labarai na Florentine.