Sin fluke. Clonorchiasis: cututtuka, magani. parasites mutum

Clonorchiasis mutum - biogelmintoz trematodozov daga kungiyar halin da primary rauni na biliary fili, pancreas da kuma hanta parenchyma.

epidemiology

Babban tushen kamuwa da cuta - wani mutum da cutar klonorhami. Bugu da kari, ruwa infest karnuka da Cats. Sin fluke ne tartsatsi a cikin Japan, Vietnam, China, Korea ta Arewa, da Amur tasa, Obi da kuma Primorye. Helminth qwai kasaftawa da faeces a cikin ruwa-ruwa matsakaici lõma da clams cercariae (larvae) an kafa a jikin wanda kamar 14 days. Bayan lamba tare da jiki na larvae kifi da crayfish daga hanji, suka fara motsawa cikin tsokoki da kuma subcutaneous nama. Saboda haka, a metacercariae. Clonorchiasis mutane kamuwa da cin raw, arancinsu zafi bi da kifi ko crayfish. Kuma tasowa clonorchiasis. A marasa lafiya 'cututtuka yawanci fara bayyana bayan da pathogen shigar da kananan hanji.

Flukes: halayyar

Trematodes (flukes) - tsutsotsi, alaka da irin flatworm. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, suka yi leaf-siffa. Su size dabam a kan wani m kewayon daga 0.1 mm to 15 cm a tsawon. Sin fluke iya parasitize a cikin kwayoyin na dabbobi da mutane. All iri flukes ne parasitic salon.

Ilimin halittar jiki da kuma ilmin halitta na trematodes

Jikin trematode ƙunci a dorsoventral shugabanci. Cuticle tare da murdede Layer samar da wata fata-tsoka jakar kwai a wadda kayan ciki suna located. Flukes ana gyarawa ta hanyar musamman murdede gawarwakin - suckers. Akwai iya zama biyu - na baka da kuma na ciki. A gabobin da kam fil kuma za a iya dangana ga cuticle kuma glandular rami.

alimentary tsarin

A gaban na jiki ne sarrafa baka sucker, located a kasa baki bude. Bisa bakin kamata pharynx (pharynx) da kuma wani elongated esophagus. Hanji tube - biyu slepozakanchivayuschihsya akwati. Dubura a lebur na tsutsotsi yawanci ba. Zauna unhydrolyzed abinci jefa fitar ta bakin. Sashe na daga ikon flatworms za a iya za'ayi ta hanyar da tegument.

Juyayi da kuma excretory tsarin

A juyayi tsarin qunshi jijiya ganglia, located a karkashin pharynx, da kuma nozzles mikawa zuwa wasu sassa na jiki. Excretory tsarin da aka wakilta wani hadadden tsarin na tubules wanda ya samar da biyu excretory bututu.

haihuwa tsarin

A haihuwa tsarin na trematodes sun sosai ci gaba. Flukes (sai Schistosomatata irin Wakilai) - hermaphroditic (bisexual dabba).

Namiji haihuwa tsarin, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kunshi biyu testes. Ƙaurace musu vas efferens, wanda aka haɗa zuwa kowa vas deferens. An yawanci kewaye a cikin cirrus jakar kwai (musamman murdede jakar kwai). A karshe ɓangare na vas deferens - cirrus (copulatory sashin jiki).

A tsarin da mata haihuwa na'ura hada da kwai, jajtceprovoda, ootype, spermatheca, Vitellaria Laurerovy tashar Mehlis 'gland shine yake da mahaifa, wanda ƙare tare da kaciyar mata bude.

etiology

A causative wakili ne clonorchiasis fluke - Sin fluke. Wannan yana nufin wani iyali da tsutsotsi Opisthorchidae - Clonorchis sinensis. Da farko bot da aka bayyana McConnell a 1874 Sin fluke a jikin mutum zai iya parasitize har zuwa shekaru 40. Jikin helminth lebur, lanceolate 10-20 mm da nisa daga 2-4 mm. trematode qwai ne m-launi zinariya, a kan daya daga cikin sandunan da hula ne a fili a bayyane. Clonorchis sinensis a adult mataki na iya parasitize biyu a cikin mutane, kuma a cikin carnivorous dabbobi masu shayarwa. A karshen ne tabbatacce Runduna. Kamar yadda wani rikon yi ruwa tare clams, karin - ruwa tare crayfish da kuma irin kifi, kifi.

Lifecycle trematodes

trematodes rai sake zagayowar kunshi kwanuka huɗu:

• embriogonii.
• partenogonii.
• tsistogonii.
• maritogonii.

Embriogoniya - a lokacin da amfrayo ci gaban jam sel a kwai daga hadi to trematode miracidia mafita. A tsawon lokaci da wannan lokaci don game da wata daya. Partenogoniya - posleembrionalny lokaci na ci gaba da larval mataki a cikin jiki na tsaka-tsaki mai gida. Gabatar lokaci yana farawa daga cikin samuwar sporocysts kafin cercaria a cikin muhalli. A tsawon lokaci da wannan lokaci na iya bambanta daga makonni biyu zuwa watanni biyar.

Tsistogoniya - hira tsari a cercaria adolescaria (a cikin yanayi) ko metacercariae (jiki karin rundunar). Tsistogonii duration - daga sa'o'i da dama zuwa watanni biyu.

Maritogoniya - da lokaci na ci gaba flukes a cikin tabbatacce rundunar kwayoyin zuwa jima'i balaga (imago), wanda Highlights da qwai a cikin muhalli. A tsawon lokaci da wannan mataki - daga daya mako zuwa watanni biyu.

pathogenesis

Marasa lafiya da suke zaune a endemic yankunan bunkasa rigakafi cewa shi daga uwa zuwa yaro da transplacental. Saboda haka, irin wadannan mutane suna kamu, ko da cutar ba, amma yana da wani m hanya. Muhimmi da ci gaban Pathology ne trematode inji tasiri, dangane sakandare microflora, neurotrophic cuta, mai guba da kuma rashin lafiyan halayen. Bugu da ƙari, klonorhi sa cirrhotic canje-canje a cikin hanta.

cuta cututtuka

Idan ka an kamu clonorchiasis, cuta cututtuka masu kama da opisthorchiasis. A cikin m lokaci na kamuwa da cuta ne alama asarar ci, malaise, wani rauni, manifestations na rashin lafiyan halayen. Tare da ci gaban da cutar ne bayyana siffofin characterizing hanta, pancreas, da kuma biliary fili. Marasa lafiya koka da zazzaɓi da ciwo mai tsanani sarrafa a dama hypochondrium.

Zai yiwu da rikitarwa da cutar

Wannan na iya zama:

• kullum cholecystitis.
• cirrhosis.
• kullum gastroduodenitis.
• pancreatic ciwon daji da kuma ciki.
• kullum hepatitis.

Pathology bincikowa

Ganewar asali dogara ne a kan na asibiti data da kuma epizootic da gelmintokoprologicheskih karatu. Don fayyace wannan ganewar asali nuna biochemical bincike na jini (jimlar gina jiki, jini sugar, bilirubin, aiki na alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferases, amylase, trypsin, kuma lipase), an wajabta, kayayyakin aiki, (cholecystography, duban dan tayi jarrabawa na gallbladder, hanta, pancreas, fibrogastroduodenoscopy) da kuma serological (RID , RIHA, PCR) hanyoyin.

far

Idan haƙuri aka gane clonorchiasis, magani ya kamata a hadaddun:

• dietetics.
• anthelmintic kwayoyi ( "biltricid", "Niklofolan", "hloksila");
• antihistamines ( "alli gluconate", "loratidine," "Suprastin");
• nonsteroidal anti-kumburi kwayoyi ( "Ibuprofen", "Nimisulid");
• enzymes ( "Panzinorm", "Mezim", "Creon");
• Sorbents ( "Enterosgel" "ataxia", "Polysorb");
• antispasmodics ( "papaverine", "A'a-dima jiki", "Mebeverin");
• macrolides ( "oleandomycin", "Spiramycin", "azithromycin", "Roxithromycin", "Fluritromitsin");
• cholagogue kwayoyi ( "Xylitol" "Sorbitol", masara siliki, immortelle, ya tashi kwatangwalo, Mint ganye).
• gepatoprotektory ( "Essentiale", "Ursohol").