Soviet m Grabin Basil Gavrilovic: biography da kuma hoto

Land ya kasance kullum shahara Rasha sana'a a fannoni daban daban na rayuwar dan Adam. Daya daga cikin wadannan masana, wanda ya zo daga wani iyali mai sauki, suna Grabin Basil Gavrilovic. A rabo daga rai da vicissitudes na almara zanen da za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

haihuwa

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, wanda iyali ya rayu sosai talauci, an haife shi a Kuban yankin, a cikin kauye da ake kira Staronizhesteblievskoy. Haka ya faru a kan Disamba 29, 1899. Dan Kasa - Rasha. Uba na nan gaba zanen aiki a matsayin sojan igwa a cikin manyan bindigogi da kuma 'yan sana'a aiki. The iyali yana da yara 10. Ya yi aiki Riveter, boilermaker, aiki a niƙa, a post office. Bugu da kari, ƙarin matsaloli da aka kara da gida halaye, saboda Kuban - Cossack yankin, da kuma hereditary Cossacks yi ko da yaushe yana nasu hadisai da cewa ba su ciyar da dangantaka mai kyau tare da sauran mazaunan yankin wanda ba mazauni ne na wannan soja iyali. Rayuwa ya wuya a material sharuddan, sabili da haka Basil Gavrilovic a shekaru 11 da aka tilasta fara aiki.

Kudin shiga da sojojin

A watan Yuli 1920 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic sadaukar domin Red Army. Ya aka lasafta a cikin Krasnodar umurnin darussa a sashen na manyan bindigogi. A lokacin hanya na horar da matasa soja ya memba na kumshin bataliya kuma suka yi yaƙi da fadar White Guard sojojin Wrangel. A 1921 Grabin zama memba na RCP (B).

A ci gaba da soja aiki

Da zarar a 1921, darussa da aka kammala, Basil Gavrilovic aka aika zuwa soja makaranta ƙirin da kuma nauyi manyan bindigogi, wanda aka jibge a Petrograd. A makaranta jami'in ya kammala karatunsa a shekarar 1923, bayan da ya aka aiko zuwa fama raka'a na Ma'aikata 'da kuma manoma' Red Army a matsayin kwamandan wani manyan bindigogi mutanena su ka. Har ila yau, aiki a matsayin shugaba sadarwa division.

A 1924 Grabin nada kwamandan mana manyan bindigogi makaranta a Birnin Leningrad. A shekara daga baya, ya sa suna a cikin Academy. Feliksa Dzerzhinskogo, wanda ya kammala jami'a zama shugabanni da ma'aikata na aikin injiniya da sashen. Ilimi, mu gwarzo da aka gudanar a karkashin shiryarwar irin mashawarta kimiyya a matsayin Helvius, Rdultovsky, Durlyahov.

A 1930 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic nasarar sauke karatu daga Academy kuma samu wani aikin injiniya digiri, kafin a rarraba a cikin zane ofishin na sha'anin "Red Putilovets", dake a Birnin Leningrad.

A shekarar 1931, mu gwarzo zama constructor hukumar №2 gun-daidaituwa da arsenal da Tarayyar Soviet jama'ar kasar Commissariat na kasar masana'antu. A wannan shekarar akwai wani ci na biyu ofisoshin da aka halitta da wani na kowa zane jam'iyya.

A 1932, m Vasily Grabin zama na farko mataimakin shugaban jihar Design Office karkashin lamba 38, wanda shi ne - da daya kawai a kasar - da aka tsunduma a cikin ci gaba da kuma na zamani da manyan bindigogi da kuma tsarin. Amma wannan kungiyar ta wanzu ga wani dan kankanin lokacin da ya rigaya a 1933 da aka narkar da oda na shugaban sojojin makamai Tukhachevsky, wanda falala a kansu da ake kira dinamoreaktivny bindigogi, recoilless ake magana a more.

A kwalkwali

A karshen shekara ta 1933 injiniya Grabin Basil Gavrilovic aika zuwa factory domin samar da manyan bindigogi a birnin Gorky, inda ya zama shugaban zane Ofishin kamfanin. Shi ne karkashin tsauraran umurnin Grabin dama fadi da dama na kayan aikin da aka halitta da suke da cikakken a wata hanya mafi ƙaranci daga gare su Yammacin takwarorinsu. Yadda za a sami masana tarihi da kuma kwararru a hannunsa, sai kawai shugabanci na fasaha kayan aiki, a cikin abin da Tarayyar Soviet ta ko da yaushe ta zarce Jamus, shi ne manyan bindigogi.

Basil Gavrilovic shi ne na farko da mutum a duniya wanda ya gudanar ya hada da ci gaban, zane da kuma yi na sabon bindigogi, wanda sanya shi yiwuwa a cikin wani gajeren lokaci zuwa Master halittar sabon kayayyakin aiki, don sojojin raka'a.

rarrabe siffofin

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, wanda biography aka tattauna a cikin wannan labarin, suka tafi a tarihi kuma godiya ga cewa ya fara amfani da daidaituwa da duk raka'a da kuma sassa na bindigogi, ya rage matsakaicin yawan su, don gabatar da manufa na daidaita ƙarfi. All tare da shi ne zai yiwu don rage jerin lokuta manyan bindigogi zanawa kayayyakin da watanni 30 zuwa 3. Bugu da kari, muhimmanci rage kudin da kayan aikin da taro samar sanya shi yiwuwa su yi tsayayya da farkisanci mãsu alãma daga cikin dukan zamanin da, mai girma Patriotic War.

1 ga watan Agusta, 1940 injiniya da aka bai da daraja na manyan janar fasaha sojojin na Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma 20 ga watan Nuwamba, 1942 - ciyar da su Laftanar Janar.

Ayyukan a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu

A kaka 1942 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic jagoranci Tsakiya harbi Design ofishin, wanda aka tana kusa da tashar jirgin Moscow "Podlipki". A cikin kungiyar na kasa jagoranci yana da alhakin samar da sabon ayyukan a cikin manyan bindigogi filin bindigogi. Daga waɗanda 140.000 bindigogi da aka yi amfani da kakanninmu a fagen yaƙi da Nazis, fiye da 90 000 da aka halitta a cikin sha'anin, wanda ya jagoranci manyan zanen Grabin. A wannan yanayin, wani ƙarin 30 000 kofe aka sanya a kan ayyukan, marubucin wanda ya shahara m.

Rayuwa a cikin zaman lafiya

A shekarar 1946 Grabin nada shugaban na Jamhuriyar Research Institute of manyan bindigogi. Kuma a shekarar 1955, an m haƙiƙa aka kafa a gaban wannan ma'aikata - don ƙirƙirar wani nukiliya reactor. Saboda wannan, Basil Gavrilovic ne riga a matsayi na shugaban sashen da kuma kokarin kowace hanya don kare shi ne aiki na manyan bindigogi shugabanci. A sakamakon haka, a shekarar 1956 da ma'aikatar tsaro na Tarayyar Soviet, an yanke shawarar a kan kafa na tsakiya Research Institute for yawan 58. Yana fada ba cewa Grabin zama ta shugaban zartarwa. A karkashin umurnin gudanar gun tsarin ci gaban dabara manufa kamar "ƙasa-ƙasa" da "kasa-da-iska".

faɗuwar rana aiki

Summer na shekarar 1959, gidan rediyon CRI-58 da ake tunawa KB Korolev. Kuma haka dai aka halakar da mafi muhimmanci archives na takardu da kuma samfurori da makamai, da yawa daga abin da ya wanzu a guda kwafin. Wannan ya faru saboda gaskiyar cewa shugaban Nikita Khrushchev, kasar gangarawa karfafa da makami mai linzami da sojojin na kungiyar tarayyar, da kuma manyan bindigogi ya dauke da wani relic na baya. Grabin kamar yadda ya zama memba na Shawarwari Group na ma'aikatar tsaron kasar, da kuma a shekarar 1960 ya yi murabus.

koyarwa hanya

A wannan shekara ta 1960 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, wani photo na wanda aka bai kasa, ya zama shugaban sashen MVTU. Bauman. A lokaci guda ya lectured a kan manyan bindigogi, kuma Ya halitta wani saurayi zane ofishin daga daliban jami'a.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa almara mahaliccin da bindigogi da aka likita da za'ayi da lakabi na farfesa. Ya kuma yi aiki sau biyu, to Koli Soviet na Tarayyar Soviet. Na yi awards:

• Hudu Order of Lenin.
• Order na Oktoba juyin juya halin.
• Order of Red Banner.
• Order of Suvorov na biyu digiri.
• Hudu-lokaci lashe Stalin Prize.

Bugu da ƙari, ya rubuta wani littafi da ake kira "Nasara Weapon", wadda aka saki a cikin full version kawai a karshen-1980. Ba zato ba tsammani, da littafin da aka ba da aka buga na dogon lokaci ne kawai domin Basil Gavrilovic idan rai ya fita daga falala a kan wani ɓangare na mutane ta commissar na armaments Ustinov, wanda bai son cewa wani talented injiniya da dama don sadarwa kai tsaye da babban shugaban kasar da aka karkashin protectorate. Stalin ta taimaka da zanen da aka bayar cewa karshen ya iya tsaida tunani da ra'ayoyi, da kuma ko da yaushe taurin kare matsayinsa a lokacin tattaunawa da muhimmanci jama'a al'amurran da suka shafi.

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic wanda yara ba su tafi ba a cikin zambiyõyin, aka yi aure sau biyu kuma matarsa ta biyu rayu shekaru 32.

Talented zanen mutu a kan Afrilu 18, 1980 a Moscow. Jikinsa da aka aikata a cikin ƙasa, a cikin Novodevichy hurumi. Kabari da aka located a kan site a No. 9.