Tafki Rasha: A jerin, description, darajar tattalin arziki

Wuraren - tafkunan, mutumin da aka yi da da taimakon dams a cikin kogin kwari, wadda ake amfani da su tattara da kuma rike ruwa talakawa. A kasar mu sun gina fiye da 1,200 irin wannan wurare. Wadannan alkaluma sun hada da kawai manyan tafki Rasha.

Features kududdufai

Facilities akwai biyu iri. Na farko shi ne tafkin tafki, da hanyar da halin da jari na ruwa. Don su ne halitta na musamman da iska. Kududdufai a kan waɗansu kõguna ciki na biyu kungiyar. Bã su da wani elongated siffar da akai akai. Babban sigogi na kududdufai: juz'i, surface yankin da kuma matakin da hawa da sauka, a wannan shekarar.

Mun kafa wani sabon tafki entails wani canji a cikin siffar kogi kwarin da ruwa da tsarin mulki a backwater yankin. Babbar tasiri Ya halitta a dam a kan m ɓangare na tafki. Amma ganin canji mai yiwuwa ne, kuma a nesa na da yawa kilomita.

All kududdufai Rasha wuce hanya ne na shiri domin ambaliya. Gandun daji, fadowa zuwa sanya yankin na ambaliya, da tsabta, yantar da bakin gaci. mazauna kauyuka a cikin iyakoki na gaba tafki ƙaura da gine-gine da kansu suke dismantled. A yawa na aikin yana da za'ayi hydrobiologists da ichthyologists, wanda aka shirya domin maido da kifi alƙarya.

The most tafki na kasar: Bratsk, Krasnoyarsk da Kuibyshev.

Da muhimmancin ruwa kududdufai

Organization da tafki entails mai yawan mummunan sakamakon. Rage ambaliyar take kaiwa zuwa bacewar spawning kifi. Fadamun ba sama na gina jiki, haddasa wahala ciyayi. River slows, wadda take kaiwa zuwa karin sludge samuwar.

The most tafki da kuma Rasha ne irin wannan duniya sikelin. yi peaked a cikin lokaci daga 1950 zuwa 2000. Su aka gina domin wadannan dalilai.

• Shiri na wutar lantarki. A mafi arha hanya don samar da.
• Ban ruwa na filayen da halittar wurare a yankunan da ruwa scarcity.
• Kiwo kifi.
• The ruwa ci for birnin bukatun.
• Shipping. Tare da su taimako, kwaruruka koguna su dace da jirgin ruwa da zirga-zirga.
• A wasu wuraren Sauki rafting.
• Ambaliyar a Far East yankin.

Rasha Federation ƙasa ne cike da gidajen gona da grand tsarin ne m. A Turai na su domin na girma mafi girma daga Asiya. A cikin kwari na Volga kadai, akwai 13.

Gorky

Gorky tafki da aka zaba ta hanyar magoya na kama kifi. Its nisa da tushe located in Nizhegorodskaya yankin. A fannin Dam kai wani nisa na 12 km da kuma zurfin - 22 m. Gidrorezhim da kuma abun da ke ciki na jiki na ruwa ne manufa domin kifi alƙarya. A yankunan flooded peat adibas faruwa a cikin hunturu farauto mamaki. A fannin samar da wutar lantarki shi ne kusan babu kwarara. Muhimmanci cikin ruwa fauna akwai wata tãguwa da iska igiyoyin.

A cikin hunturu, da ruwa matakin da aka saukar zuwa 2 m. Shoals drained, haddasa Zamora misãlin gona. Ana rinjayar bakin teku shuke-shuke. A cikin bazara da shi ya auku saboda cika da tafki na narke ruwa. A matakin a wannan lokaci ne a cikin kewayon 40 cm, amma shi ne isa zuwa ga rushe kifi spawning, wanda ya bukatar na cikin ruwa ciyayi.

daskare-up fara a watan Nuwamba. A lokacin hunturu lokaci da ɓawon burodi da aka kafa don wani kauri mita. Bisa ga hydrological gwamnatin Gorky tafki kamar lake tare da mai rauni halin yanzu. A cikin tsakiyar 50s tafi a karkashin ruwa manyan yankunan da m ƙasar, waɗanda suke a cikin ruwan tsufana a fili. An fashewa da ci gaban da yawan da yawa na cikin ruwa dabbobi cewa samu sabon kiwo da kuma ciyar da wuraren. Bayan 'yan shekaru da yawan jama'a na kifi da kuma wasu kwayoyin da aka fadowa.

Argazinskoe

Argazi tafki - mafi girma a tafki na Chelyabinsk yankin. Its tsawon - 22 km, kuma wani nisa mafi girma daga 11 km. A mafi zurfi ma'ana da aka located a 18 m. Ruwa nuna gaskiya dogara a kan yanayi da kuma m ne 3-8. Ozernoye tafki 45 yana kan tsakiya, daga cikinsu da yanayin da abin tunawa da deciduous itatuwa.

Argazi shirya a spur Ilmeny. Tafki da aka halitta a 1942 ta hanyar installing wani dam a kan kogin. Miass. Yana riqe 980 miliyan cubic mita ruwa a ³ total tsawo na 1.5 m. A tafki ne sallami babban yawan matasa kifi, musamman whitefish kuma Ling. Lokaci da Lokaci kama ganima kifi samfurori yin la'akari sama da 10 kg.

Argazi tafki - tushen ruwa ga Chelyabinsk. A ta gaba shirya bukukuwa da kuma ciyar da dama lokaci mazauna birnin.

Volkhov

Volkhov tafki halitta a 1926 a Birnin Leningrad, yankin. Its nisa ne 400 m, da kuma surface area - 2 km ^2. Gina domin da Volkhov hydroelectric tashar. Catchment ne da za'ayi tare da wani yanki na kan 80 dubu. ^Km2. Tafki yana da ƙofa ga nassi na tasoshin da guda kamara. Aikin da aka halitta Lengidroproekt. A gaba da tafki mai arziki a cikin ciyayi da kuma used da townspeople zuwa sauran.

Boguchanskoye

Boguchanskoye tafki fara cika kaka na shekarar 1987 bayan rufe lokaci tashoshi a cikin Dam, wanda shi ne kogi. Design matakin na 208 m aka kai a 2015. An located a Irkutsk yankin tafki a kan kogin. Angara. Babban manufar gina - samar da wutar lantarki da makamashi. Stock a kan abu da aka gyara dangane da kakar, kokarin ci gaba da matakin saukad cikin 1 m.

Bakin yawa gandu sun zama wata babbar bays. Wasu daga cikin su suna da wani tsawon sama da 10 km. Daskare yana 7 watanni, wanda ba ya amfani da tailrace samar da wutar lantarki. A cikin wannan yanki ga dubun kilomita kasance polynya. A shirya tafki da yawa peatlands an fallasa su da ambaliya. Wannan al'amari ya shafa da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na ruwa. Tafki yi tasiri a kan nau'in abun da ke ciki da kuma kama kifi. Rheophilic kifi hijira, su gumãkan sun rage a cikin sau 10.

'yan'uwa

Fraternal tafki ne located in Irkutsk yankin a kan kogin. Angara. Its tsawon shi ne 570 km da kuma fadin - 25 km. Wannan ruwa jiki ne karkashin jagorancin Rasha ta most tafki. Its shaci da m siffar. Mai aikin gandu kara bunkasa, kyale jiragen ruwa don shigar su. A cikin kusanci da tafki ya karu karst tafiyar matakai, ya fara bayyana funnels da landslides.

Ba duk kududdufai Rasha da irin wannan karfi da tasiri a kan Coast. Halakar da tekun saboda tsananin bambancin da matakin. Ya kai gare shi 6-10 m. A kandami ya girma kamun kifi, da kuma navigable lesosplavnoe darajar. A ta gaba ne ko da yaushe mai yawa yawon bude ido da kuma masunta ne.

Krasnoyarsk

Krasnoyarsk tafki domin ta size kira ruwa tare teku. A surface yankin na shi ne 2 dubu. ^Km2. A talakawan zurfin kai 40 m. Ciko da ruwa dade shekaru uku bayan gina madatsar ruwan. Daya daga cikin mafi girma a kududdufai a duniya. Tare da shi kula da ruwa matakin a cikin Yenisei. Domin wannan je kotu da kogin rafting aka yi.

Ba duk kududdufai Rasha haka arziki Pike kamar yadda Krasnoyarsk. Yawan kananan kifi ne kananan, saboda ba su da isasshen fodder mata. Ta sha wahala a sakamakon samuwar tafki.

Gina dams entails da yawa abubuwan da yanayi da mutum. Man sami asali amfana daga wannan a fuskar cheap wutar lantarki, sufuri hanyoyi da manyan ruwa kayayyaki. Akwai sauka a hankali canji a cikin nau'in abun da ke ciki na kifi. Ichthyofauna zama kasa mai muhimmanci, amma mafi yawa. Manyan Wuraren ne iya canza kewaye microclimate, sa shi softer.