Tattara ruwan tabarau

Lens - m jiki wanda aka daure ta biyu mai siffar zobe saman. Babban alama ne da ikon da ruwan tabarau ba batutuwa da image. Suna iya zama hasashen da real, inverted kuma mike, rage da kuma kara girman. A mikakke girma na hoto da canje-canje dangane da wurin da abubuwa.

Zuƙowa ruwan tabarau - da rabo daga cikin mikakke image da abu size. A magnification factor (K) za a iya bayyana ta da dabara: K = u / v, inda u ne nesa daga cikin ruwan tabarau da abu, kuma v - nesa daga cikin ruwan tabarau da image. A magnification factor ne da wani ma'auni na yadda mikakke girma na wani abu da ya fi girma ko karami image size.

A kimiyya, akwai irin wannan abubuwa a matsayin tattara ruwan tabarau da kuma diverging. Da farko thicker a tsakiyar da kuma thinner a baki, a karo na biyu - duk a kan m. The ruwan tabarau ne halin da mai da hankali tsawon (daga Tantancewar cibiyar da hankali nufi: a diverging ruwan tabarau, shi ne korau, kuma a tattara - m), da kuma Tantancewar ikon da aka auna a diopters. A hankali tsawon na daya mita ne 1 diopter. A Tantancewar ikon dogara a kan curvature radii na mai siffar zobe ruwan tabarau saman, da kuma kayan (Refractive index of shi) daga abin da aka sanya. Shi ne da na juna na mai da hankali tsawon.

The tattara ruwan tabarau ne bambanta daga warwatse:

1. Tattara haske.

2. A gefuna da thinner tsakiya.

3. Yana da wani tarin babban yawan fadada tsakiyar wata ruwan tabarau (amma ba ga gefuna) na triangular prisms.

4. mayar da hankali ruwan tabarau (watau gab da mahada na haskoki bayan refraction, located a kan babban Tantancewar axis), shi ne mai real (ba kirkirarrun), kamar yadda haskoki rarraba kansu, maimakon su ci gaba.

5. Da ikon ya tattara da haskoki faru a kan surface a daya batu, wanda aka located a daya gefen da ruwan tabarau.

6. The tattara ruwan tabarau za a iya shiryar da shi zuwa batu da wani ɓangare na, kuma a cikinta bim za a taru, tun da irin wannan ruwan tabarau na biyu mayar da hankali. A cikin Tantancewar axis na gaba da raya foci suna located a kan ko dai gefen gare a mai da hankali nesa daga cikin ruwan tabarau babba batu.

Materials for ruwan tabarau

• ma'adini gilashi. Yana siffofi high zafin jiki juriya da kuma bandwidth hasken ultraviolet. Kamar yadda shi ne inert zuwa yawa sunadarai.

• silicon. Wannan abu hadawa high watsawa da ciwon manyan cikakkar darajar da Refractive index a cikin kewayon na infrared radiation, cikakken shirin hana haske a bayyane kewayon bakan;

• kwayoyin polymers. By gyaren yana yiwuwa ya haifar da m aspherical ruwan tabarau, wanda ake amfani da a 'yan lokutan. Soft lamba ruwan tabarau ake amfani a ophthalmology, an sanya kayan da ciwon biphasic yanayi. Silicone-gidrolievye linzyblagodarya oxygen permeability kuma high hydrophilic Properties na hade za a iya amfani da ci gaba ga wata.

• sauran kayan.

iri ruwan tabarau

Tattara ruwan tabarau ya kasu kashi 3 iri:

• biconcave.

• plano-convex.

• wani concave-convex.

Yada ruwan tabarau ma ya kasu kashi 3 iri:

• biconcave.

• plano-concave.

• convex-concave.

The ruwan tabarau na iya zama mai sauki, da kuma za a iya hada daga dama - don gina wasu irin hadaddun Tantancewar tsarin. Lens tsarin, shirya a nesa, wanda gatura daidaita da aka kira wani tsakiya.

A amfani da ruwan tabarau

Su zama dole domin yi na nesa, microscopes, binopkulari, kyamarori, projectors, Tantancewar gani , da dai sauransu The ruwan tabarau ake amfani a baje a ophthalmology, kamar yadda ake bukata ga mutane tare da hangen nesa da lahani kamar myopia da hyperopia. Bugu da ƙari, wata guda tattara ruwan tabarau da ake amfani da matsayin girman siffar gilashi.