The "Beatles": biography da kuma ayyukan (photo). A tarihin The Beatles

"Beatles" kungiyar ta yi babban taimako ga ci gaban dutsen music, kuma ya kasance mai daukan hankali sabon abu na duniya da al'adun da sittin daga cikin karni na ashirin. A wannan labarin, za mu koya ba wai kawai cikin tarihi na zargin "Beatles". Biography of kowane ɗan takara bayan rushewar almara band ma za a dauke.

A farkon (1956-1960)

Lokacin da akwai wani rukuni "The Beatles"? Biography da kuma aiki na gama sha'awa ga al'ummomi daga magoya. A tarihin abin da ya faru kungiyar iya fara da samuwar m dandani mahalarta.

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1956 da shugaban na gaba star tawagar, John Lennon farko ji daya daga cikin songs of Elvis Presley. Kuma wannan song, karayar zuciya Hotel, ya juyar da dukan rai na matashi. Lennon buga da banjo da harmonica, amma sabon music kai shi ga dauka da guitar.

Biography na kungiyar "The Beatles" a Rasha yawanci fara da farko kungiyar, shirya Lennon. Tare da makaranta abokai, ya halicci kungiyar "Kuorrimen", mai suna a cikin girmamawa da makaranta. Matasa wasa skiffle, wani irin mai son Birtaniya dutse 'n' yi.

A daya daga cikin wasanni da kuma kungiyar Lennon ya gana Paul McCartney, wanda mamaki da Guy tsirkiya ilmi daga latest songs kuma high m ci gaba. Kuma a cikin bazara na shekarar 1958 da aka shiga ta Dzhordzh Harrison, wani aboki na Paul. Triniti ta zama kashin bayan kungiyar. Su aka gayyata yi wasa a jam'iyyun da bukukuwan aure, amma shi bai zo domin ya wadannan kide.

Wahayi zuwa gare ta misali majagaba na dutsen da kuma yi, Eddi Kokrana da Baddi Holli, Bulus da Yahaya sun yanke shawarar rubuta songs kuma wasa da guitar. texts da suka rubuta tare, ya kuma ba su ninki biyu na marubucin.

A shekarar 1959, kungiyar na da wani sabon memba - Styuart Satkliff, Lennon ta saurayi. The kungiyar da aka kafa kusan: Sutcliffe (bass guitar), Harrison (gubar guitar), McCartney (ft irfan, guitar, piano), Lennon (ft irfan, kari guitar). Rashin kawai wani ɗan ganga.

sunan

A takaice a kan "The Beatles" kungiyar gaya wuya, shi fa, tã ko da tarihin abin da ya faru na wannan mai sauki da kuma gajeren sunan kungiyar. Lokacin da tawagar ta fara da za a gina a cikin shagali rai na ƙasarsa ta gari, ya dauki wani sabon sunan, saboda a makaranta sun riga ya dangantaka. Bugu da kari, band ya fara yi a daban-daban iyawa nuna.

Alal misali, cikin tawagar taka leda a karkashin sunan Johnny da Moondogs ( «Johnny da Moon Dogs") ga 1959 TV show na shekara. Kuma da sunan The Beatles bayyana a 'yan watanni baya, a farkon 1960. Wa daidai ƙirƙira shi ne, shi ba a san, mafi m, Sutcliffe da Lennon, wanda zai dauki Maganar da dama ma'ana.

A pronunciation daga cikin sunan sauti kamar beetles, watau beetles. Kuma a lõkacin da rubutu a bayyane kidan tushen - kamar yadda a bit-music, fashion Trend dutse-da-yi, wanda ya tashi a shekarun 1960s. Duk da haka, da promoters tunanin cewa wannan sunan ba Catchy da ma takaice, don haka da mutane a kan posters to suna a matsayin Long Yahaya da na Azurfa Beetles ( "Long John da kuma Azurfa Beetles").

Hamburg (1960-1962)

Rinjãye kida girma, amma sun kasance kawai daya daga cikin mutane da yawa makada garinsu. Biography na kungiyar "The Beatles", a takaice abin da za ka fara karanta shi ci gaba motsi band a Hamburg.

Sun kida a hannunka shi ne cewa da yawa kulake Hamburg da ake bukata Turanci kungiyoyin, da kuma da dama teams daga Liverpool da tabbatar da haka. A lokacin rani na 1960 da Beatles samu wani gayyatar zo Hamburg. Wannan ya tsanani aikin, don haka da Quartet yi gaggawa nemi wani ɗan ganga. Saboda haka a cikin ƙungiyar bayyana Pete Mafi.

A farko concert ya faru a ranar wadannan isowa. A 'yan watanni da band honed da basirarsu a kulake na Hamburg. Suna da wani dogon lokaci a yi wasa da music of daban-daban styles kuma nau'o'i - rock 'n' yi, Blues, launi da kuma Blues, pop da raira waƙa jama'a songs. Za mu iya cewa a mutunta mutane da yawa godiya ga kwarewa tsiwirwirinsu a Hamburg kuma dauki kungiyar "The Beatles". Biography tawagar samu ta fitar alfijiri.

A shekaru biyu da Beatles a Hamburg ba game da 800 kide da kuma tashe da fasaha matakin daga mai son zuwa sana'a. "The Beatles" sun ba a yi nasu songs, maida hankali a kan qagaggun na sanannun masu aikatawa.

A Hamburg, band gana da gida art kwalejin dalibai. Daya daga cikin dalibai, Astrid Kircher, fara dating Sutcliffe kuma rayayye shiga a cikin rãyuwar da kungiyar. Wannan yarinya miƙa mutane wani sabon hairstyle - tsefe kan goshinsa da su da kunnuwa, gashi, da kuma daga baya takamaiman jackets ba tare da lapels da ƙuƙumma.

Komowa zuwa Liverpool, da Beatles kasance ba masoya, sai suka zama daga cikin mafi m kungiyoyin. A sa'an nan da suka gana da Ringo Starr, ɗan ganga kishiya tawagar.

Bayan ya dawo zuwa Hamburg da aka gudanar na farko masu sana'a rikodi kungiyar. Masu kida tare da dutse 'n' yi singer Tony Sheridan. Kuma da Quartet rubuce da dama daga kansa songs. A wannan lokaci, da sunan ya kidan Brothers ( "Beat Brothers"), maimakon "The Beatles".

Biography short Sutcliffe ci gaba fita daga band. Bayan kammala na yawon shakatawa, ya ƙi yarda su koma Liverpool da kuma yanke shawarar zama tare da budurwa a Hamburg. A shekara daga baya Sutcliffe mutu daga kwakwalwa hemorrhage.

A farko nasara (1962-1963)

A band koma Ingila da kuma fara yin a kulake a Liverpool. 27 Yuli, 1961, da farko manyan concert a cikin zauren, wadda ta kasance babbar nasara. A watan Nuwamba, band bayyana Manager - Brayan Epshteyn.

Ya gana da George Martin, da samar da wata babbar lambar, da suka nuna sha'awa a cikin band. Demos, ya kasance ba quite gamsu, amma matasa na live makari. A farko kwangila da aka sanya hannu.

Duk da haka, da m da kuma manajan na kungiyar sun m da Pete Mafi. Sun yi imani da cewa bai quite rayu har zuwa general matakin, haka ma, da mawaki ya ki yin akayi gashi, ya kula da sauran style na tawagar, kuma sau da yawa a cikin rikici tare da wasu mahalarta. Duk da cewa Mafi shahara da magoya, an yanke shawarar canza shi. Ɗan ganga Ringo Starr dauki.

Abin mamaki, shi ne tare da ɗan ganga, da band rubuta nasu kudi mai son rikodin a Hamburg. Tafiya a kusa da birnin, da mutane hadu Ringo (Pete Mafi kuwa ba ya tare da su), ya tafi zuwa ga daya daga cikin titi-studio rikodin 'yan songs kawai ga fun.

A cikin watan Satumba 1962 da band rubuta farko guda - Love Ni Shin, wanda ya zama Popular. A manyan rawa a nan taka zamba da wani manajan - Epstein a nasu kudi sayi dubu goma records fiye da ƙara tallace-tallace da kuma janyo hankalin sha'awa.

A watan Oktoba, na farko TV yi - watsa shirye-shirye a concert a Manchester. Ba da da ewa, na biyu guda da aka rubuta Don Allah faranta mini, kuma a watan Fabrairu 1963 kai-taken album da aka rubuta a cikin 13 hours, wanda hada da murfin versions na rare songs kuma nasa qagaggun. A watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara da muke fara sayar da biyu album, Tare da The Beatles.

Haka abin ya fara a lokaci na babban shahararsa, wanda ya tafi a hanyar da kungiyar "The Beatles". Biography, a takaice dai tarihi na novice tawagar, ya ƙare. Ya fara da labarin da almara band.

Happy Birthday Kalmar "Beatlemania" an dauke su Oktoba 13, 1963 a London, a palladium Hall, wani shagali na kungiyar, wanda aka watsa shirye-shirye zuwa ga daukacin kasar. Amma dubban magoya fi son tara a kusa da concert zauren, suna begen ganin kida. Beatles da ta shigo da mota da taimakon 'yan sanda.

A tsawo na "Beatlemania" (1963-1964)

A kasar Biritaniya, da Quartet ya mai girma shahararsa, amma a Amurka band ta aure da aka ba saki, saboda kullum da Turanci tawagar basu da yawa nasara. A manajan ya iya sayayya tare da karamin kamfanin, amma faranti da aka ba su gani ba.

Yaya shi samun a kan babban mataki American kungiyar "The Beatles"? Biography (short) ya gaya wa tawagar cewa duk canza a lokacin da sanannun music sukar lamiri na jaridar saurari da guda Ina son rike hannunka, riga Popular a Ingila, da kuma kida da ake kira "mafi girma composers bayan Beethoven." Wadannan watan, da band ya kan saman Charts.

"Beatlemania" tako a kan teku. A na farko da kungiyar ziyara a Amurka 'yan dubu magoya kida hadu a filin jirgin sama. "The Beatles" aka bai 3 babban kide da yi a kan TV shows. Suna kallon dukan of America.

A watan Maris shekarar 1964 da Quartet fara ƙirƙirar wani sabon album, A Hard Day ta dare da eponymous m film. Kuma ya bayyana a cikin wannan watan na guda ba zai iya saya Ni Love / ku iya ba Wancan sa a duniya rikodin ga mafi m aikace-aikace.

Agusta 19th, 1964 harba kashe cikakken North American yawon shakatawa. A band ya ba da concert 31 a 24 birane. Yana da aka asali shirya ya ziyarci 23 birane, amma mai shi daga cikin kwando kulob din daga Casas City kida miƙa 150 dala dubu ga wani rabin awa concert (yawanci gungu samu 25-30 dubu).

Tours sun tauri ga masu kida. Idan sun kasance a cikin kurkuku, gaba daya ware daga waje duniya. A wurin da Beatles zauna, kewaye da dandazon magoya a kusa da Agogon, fatan ganin gumãka.

Concert dakunan sun babbar, low quality-kayan aiki. Masu kida ba ji juna, har ma da kansu, sau da yawa ya kawo saukar, amma masu sauraro bai ji shi, kuma kusan bai ga wani abu, a matsayin mataki domin a amince shigar da nisa sosai. Na yi aiki a kan wata hujja shirin, ko wanda improvisation da gwaje-gwajen a fage ba za a iya dauke.

Jiya rasa da kuma rikodin (1964-1965)

Bayan ya dawo zuwa London, ya fara aiki a kan album Beatles For Sale, wanda kunshi aro da nasu songs. A mako bayan buga ya tashi zuwa saman Charts.

A watan Yuli 1965 da suka fito da su biyu movie Help!, Kuma a watan Agusta, da album na wannan sunan. Shi ne a cikin wannan album zama mafi shahara song daga cikin tawagar Jiya, wanda ya zama wani classic na rare music. Yau akwai fiye da dubu biyu fassarori wannan abun da ke ciki.

Author daga cikin shahararrun launin waƙa ya Pol Makkartni. Ya hada da music a farkon na shekara, da kalma zo daga baya. A abun da ke ciki ya yi kira digãdigansa, Kwai, tun rubuta shi, singing digãdigansa, kwai, da yadda na son a kan digãdigansa, kwai ... ( "digãdigansa, qwai, kamar yadda ina son digãdigansa, qwai"). Rubuta song aka tare da wani kirtani Quartet daga band a lokaci guda ne kawai Paul.

A karo na biyu American yawon shakatawa, wanda ya fara a watan Agusta, wani taron cewa har yanzu haunts da music masoya a duk faɗin duniya. Me ya sa kungiyar "The Beatles"? Biography a takaice ya bayyana kida ziyarci wani baƙo na Elvis Presley. Stars ba kawai ya yi magana, amma kuma taka leda a 'yan songs, wanda aka rubuta a kan tef.

Recording bai taba aka buga, da kuma kafa inda suke ba ba zai iya zama jamiái na music daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Darajar da wadannan records shi yiwuwa a kimanta a yau.

New Kwatance (1965-1966)

A shekarar 1965, a kan babban mataki zo da yawa kungiyoyin cewa gasa da "The Beatles". The kungiyar fara ƙirƙirar wani sabon album Rubber Soul. Wannan album alama wani sabon zamanin a cikin dutse music. A songs fara bayyana abubuwa na surrealism kuma Sufi, "The Beatles" cewa akwai wani rukuni.

Biography (short) ya gaya mana cewa a lokaci guda a kusa da kida ya fara bayyana scandals. A watan Yuli na shekarar 1966, da band watsi da hukuma liyafar, wanda ya sa wani rikici da First Lady. Outraged da wannan al'amari da Filipino kusan m kida, suka yi a zahiri lam. Tour gudanarwa mugun dukan tsiya Quartet tura kuma kusan tura daga da jirgin saman.

Na biyu manyan abin kunya ya barke a lokacin da Dzhon Lennon a cikin wata hira ce cewa Kristanci ke mutuwa, da kuma Beatles suna fiye da Yesu yanzu. Amurka zanga-zangar ya barke, da kungiyar ƙone farantin. Shugaban tawagar a karkashin matsin nemi afuwa da maganarsa.

Duk da matsaloli, a shekarar 1966 ya zo da album Revolver, daya daga cikin mafi kyau albums na band. Its rarrabe ne cewa songs aka wuya, kuma ba su sa ran live yi. Yanzu, "The Beatles" sun studio band. M da rangadi, band ki concert aiki. A cikin wannan shekara, mun zartar da karshe kide. Music sukar da ake kira album ne m, kuma sun kasance m cewa Quartet ba za su iya haifar da wani abu guda cikakke.

Duk da haka, guda Strawberry Fields Forever / Penny Lane da aka rubuta a farkon 1967. Ɗaukar wannan rikodin dade 129 kwanaki (idan aka kwatanta da 13-hour rikodi na farko album), da studio ya yi aiki a zahiri a kusa da nan kowane lokaci. A guda da aka musamman hadaddun musically kuma yana da laifin nasara, ya kan saman Charts 88 makonni.

White Album (1967-1968)

A 1967, wasan kwaikwayon na "The Beatles" da aka watsa shirye-shirye zuwa ga dukan duniya. Ya iya ganin mutane miliyan 400. Yana da aka rubuta TV version na song All ka bukata shi ne soyayya. Bayan wannan rabo kasuwanci tawagar shiga ƙi. Irin rawa a cikin wannan da mutuwa da "karo na biyar Beatle", kungiyar manajan Brian Epstein, a sakamakon wani yawan abin sama da kwayoyin maganin barci. Shi ne kawai 32. Epstein ya na da muhimmanci memba na band "The Beatles". Biography na kungiyar bayan mutuwarsa, ya halartar manyan canje-canje.

Na farko da kungiyar samu na farko korau feedback game da sabon fim Magical Mystery Tour. Mutane da yawa da'awar sa ta gaskiya cewa tef a saki kawai a launi, yayin da mafi yawan mutane sun kawai baki-da-fari talabijin sets. A soundtrack aka saki a cikin wani nau'i na mini-album.

A shekarar 1968, domin a saki albums, Apple ya amsa, saboda haka ayyana da kungiyar "The Beatles", a biography ci gaba. A Janairu 1969 ya sake zane mai ban dariya «Yellow Submarine» da kuma wani soundtrack zuwa gare shi. A watan Agusta - da guda Hey Jude, daya daga cikin mafi kyau a cikin tarihi na kungiyar. A tako shahara album The Beatles, fi sani da White Album a 1968. Ya aka haka mai suna saboda ya cover ya snow-fari, tare da wani sauki buga wani suna. Magoya dauki shi da kyau, amma masu sukar ba shared ni'ima.

Wannan album alama farkon na band ta breakup. Ringo Starr bar band a wani lõkaci, 'yan songs, aka rubuta tare da shi. McCartney buga ganguna. Harrison ya aiki solo aiki. A halin da ake ciki ya yi girma siga saboda matar John Lennon, Yoko Ono, wanda ya ba a cikin studio kullum da kuma domin ya fusata 'yan kungiyar.

Lalacewar (1969-1970)

A farkon shekarar 1969, da mawaƙa da yawa da tsare-tsaren. Suna tafiya da su saki wani album, a film gaya game da su studio aiki, da kuma littafin. Pol Makkartni rubuta da song Samu Back ( "Ka komo"), wanda ya ba da sunan ga dukan aikin. "Beatles" band biography cewa zai fara haka yo, gabatowa rarrabuwa.

A band mambobi so don nuna da yanayi na fun da kuma zama na yau da kullum da rinjaye a kan wasanni a Hamburg, amma shi bai yi aiki ba. Yana da aka rubuta da yawa songs, amma kawai biyar da aka zaba, yin fim da yawa fim. Last rikodin ya kamata mu yi harbi impromptu concert a kan rufin wani rikodi studio. Ya aka katse da 'yan sanda, wanda ya sa mazauna yankin. Wannan shagali da shi ne na karshe wasan kwaikwayon na kungiyar.

Fabrairu 3, 1969 a cikin tawagar yana da wani sabon manajan, Allen Klein. McCartney tsanani a kan, saboda na yi tunani cewa mafi kyau ga takarar wannan rawa zan zama nan gaba uba, Dzhon Istmen. Paul fara shari'a a kan sauran 'yan kungiyar. Saboda haka, kungiyar "The Beatles", wanda biography da aka bayyana, a wannan labarin, ya fara fuskanci tsanani rikici.

Aikin a kan m aikin da aka yi watsi, amma band har yanzu saki Abbey Road album, wanda ya hada da wani m abun da ke ciki ta George Harrison Wani abu. Makadi na dogon lokaci a kan yi aiki da shi, da ke rubuce game da 40 ƙãre versions. Song sa kan daidai da Jiya.

Janairu 8, 1970 saki karshe album bari kawai, sarrafa American m Filom Spektorom stuff gaza aikin Samu Baya. Mayu 20 fito da wani shirin gaskiya fim game da kungiyar, wanda a lokacin na farko riga rushe. Kamar wancan ƙare da "Beatles" biography. A Rasha suna daga cikin fim sauti kamar "Bari ya zama haka."

Bayan rushewar. Dzhon Lennon

A zamanin "The Beatles". Biography of mahalarta ya ci gaba da solo ayyukan. A lokacin auka daga cikin kungiyar, duk mambobi sun tsunduma a zaman kanta aiki. A 1968, shekaru biyu kafin rushewar, Dzhon Lennon bayar da hadaddiyar tare da matarsa Yoko Ono album. Yana da aka rubuta a cikin dare daya, kuma a lokaci guda ya ƙunshi wani music, da kuma kafa daban-daban sauti, noises, kururuwarta. A kan murfin da matarsa bayyana a cikin tsirara. A shekara ta 1969, bi da biyu mafi faranti na wannan shirin, da kuma live rikodi. Daga 70 ga watan zuwa 75 ga watan shekara 4 music albums aka saki. Bayan da cewa mawaki ya daina bayyana a gaban jama'a, da sadaukarwan da kanta ga kiwon danta.

A 1980, Lennon da aka bayar na karshe album Biyu Fantasy, wanda aka kyau samu ta hanyar sukar. A 'yan makonni bayan da album ta saki, Disamba 8, 1980, Dzhon Lennon da aka kashe ta hanyar Mark David Chapman ' yan harbi a baya. A shekarar 1984 na ga saki na madara da zuma makadi ta posthumous album.

Bayan rushewar. Pol Makkartni

Bayan McCartney bar "Beatles", da biography na mawaki samu wani sabon karkatarwa. Karya tare da wani rukuni na dauke da abin ya shafa McCartney. A farko, ya yi ritaya zuwa m gona, inda samu ciki, amma a cikin watan Maris na shekara ta 1970 ya koma zuwa ga abu don wani solo album, McCartney, kuma nan da nan saki, da kuma na biyu - Ram.

Duk da haka, ba tare da band Paul ya ji m. Ya shirya Fuka-fukai tawagar, wanda ya hada da matarsa Linda. The kungiyar wanzu har 1980, kuma ya saki 7 albums. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na solo aiki, da mawaki ya saki 19 albums, na karshe daga abin da ya zo a 2013.

Bayan rushewar. Dzhordzh Harrison

Dzhordzh Harrison kafin rushewar da "Beatles" saki 2 solo albums - Wonderwall Music a 1968, da kuma Electronic Sound a 1969. Wadannan faranti sun gwaji da kuma da kadan nasara. The uku album, All Things Dole ne Shige, ya hada songs rubuta a lokacin "Beatles" lokacin da ƙi da sauran mambobin kungiyar. Wannan shi ne mafi nasara solo album na mawaki.

A cikin dukan solo aiki, bayan Harrison bar "Beatles", da biography na makadi da aka wadãtar da su 12 albums da kuma 20 maras aure. Ya shiga cikin ayyukan da sadaka, kuma ya sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga gabatarwa na India music, kuma ya dauki Hindu. Harrison ya mutu a shekara ta 2001, a ranar 29 ga watan Nuwamba.

Bayan rushewar. Ringo Starr

Ringo ta solo album, da aiki a kan wanda ya fara da baya a "Beatles" da aka saki a 1970, amma an zabi wani gazawar. Daga baya, duk da haka, ya samar more nasara Albums, sun fi mayar da godiya ga ha] in gwiwar tare da George Harrison. Total mawaki ya saki 18 studio albums, kuma da dama live rikodin da littattafan. A karshe album saki a 2015.