The Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin: shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da tsuntsaye

Tyumen yankin ne wani ɓangare na Yammacin Siberia. Its yanayi ne quite matsananci, amma Flora da fauna sosai arziki. A gwaji taimako zuwa kiyayewa da aka yin Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin.

A kadan game da yankin

Tyumen Region ne wani ɓangare na Urals Tarayya District kuma nasa ne da yankin na Yammacin Siberia. Tare da m yankuna da shi mĩƙe daga kudancin kan iyakar kasar da gaba na Arctic Ocean. Kẽwayesu Arkhangelsk, Kurgan, Omsk, Sverdlovsk District, Komi, Krasnoyarsk yankin da kuma Kazakhstan.

Yankin shi ne na uku mafi girma a yankin (1.4 sq. M. Km). Its yawan ne miliyan 3.6 mutane. Administration na Tyumen yankin da aka ayi a babban birni - Tyumen, wanda ya zama na farko Rasha birni a Siberia a 1586.

Kafin wannan, da yankin da aka sanaki da Mansi, Khanty, Selkup, Nenets ko Samoyeds, kuma Turkic kabilan dauki siffar a kan lokaci a cikin kabila na Siberian Tatars. Daga cikin XIV karni, da yankin ƙasar ya ɓangare na Tyumen Region, sa'an nan da Siberian Khanate. A 1582 Ural yan kasuwa da hayar Cossacks nasara waɗannan ƙasashe, smashing da Khanate. A halin yanzu na yawan jama'a - Rasha.

Yanzu a fagen bunkasa wutar lantarki masana'antu, da man fetur masana'antu, da kundin wanda mukamansu farko a Rasha. Gudanar da gandunan daji, katako stock ne fiye da biliyan cubic mita. A noma, sarrafa kawai 3% na ƙasar.

Nature da yanayin kasa

Domin ta size da yankin ne na biyu kawai ga Krasnoyarsk yankin da kuma Yakutia. Yankin da aka located a cikin tundra, Arctic hamada, gandun daji tundra, taiga, gandun daji da kuma gauraye gandun daji. Fiye da 90% na yankunan dauke su Far Arewa.

Halitta da yanayin damina ne matsananci nan. sanyi lokaci a daban-daban maki na yankin jeri daga 140 zuwa kwanaki 200. A talakawan Janairu zazzabi jeri daga - 16 zuwa - 26 ^C. A lokacin rani, da matsakaita zazzabi kiyaye a kusa da kimanin 19 digiri.

A ƙasa ne mafi yawa lebur filayen. Taiga gandun daji rufe da yawa daga cikin yankin. A kudancin yankin na moorland ciyayi da kuma gandun daji-steppe. A yanayi na Tyumen yankin ne mai arziki da bambance bambancen, duk da matsananci yanayi.

A yankin yana da fiye da 70 dubu kõguna da koguna, game da wannan tabkuna. A total tsawon magudanai - game da nisan kilomita 10. The most koguna ne Irtysh, Tobol, Ishish. Su located kududdufai da kuma hydroelectric iko shuke-shuke. A kudancin da na kowa m m tabkuna a tsakiya da kuma arewacin - fadama da thermokarst.

The Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin

Cikakken jerin miyagun, miyagun kuma rare dabbobi, tsirrai da fungi da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga yankin. Tyumen Region Administration ya umurce halittarsa baya a 1999. Ana ɗaukaka da kuma sakewa reissues littattafai, hukumomin kasar da ake bukata kamar kowane shekara goma sha biyar.

The Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin hada da 711 jinsunan, fiye da 250 jinsunan shuke-shuke da fungi da lichens. Ya kunshi shida (ciki har da sifili) na babban Categories, dangane da irin nisan da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka, na biyar category (V) na nufin wani nau'in wanda lambar an rage kuma ba ya bukatar ƙarin mataki da mutum.

By Category IV ne irin bayanai ciki har da yawan jama'a ba ko kadan. The uku category hada da rare da kuma sarrafa ko endemic jinsunan, na biyu - don rage, to da farko - miyagun. Zero ƙunshi bayani game da m dadadden jinsin Flora da fauna, da kuma bayani game da su ba fiye da rabin karni.

dabbobi masu shayarwa

Animals na Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin ba su gabatar a daya jerin, kuma ya kasu kashi sub-Categories, dangane da irin, aji, ko kungiyar. da aka jera a teku zomo (III category) daga dabbobi masu shayarwa - like wakilin. Factor iyakance ta baza, kazalika ga sauran dabbobi, shi ne gurbatawa, farautar.

Rare jinsunan: Turai zomo, babban jerboa, Korsak, iyakacin duniya bear, reindeer. Yawan Jungar hamster da arewacin pikas dabam ƙwarai kuma ya dogara da yanayi - lokaci na fari, ruwan sama, sanyi.

Haramtacciyar farauta da kuma rashin abinci da albarkatun, rage yawan walruses, narwhals arewa cewa ya kasance a cikin II category. Domin wannan dalilai, da bowhead Whale, zaune a cikin Kara Sea, shi ne wani namun dajin. The bacewar fuska da Turai mink, wanda rayayye displaces American mink.

Kifi, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, arthropod

Red Littafi Notes da Tyumen yankin 10 jinsunan kifaye da cyclostomes, 7 halittar dabba mai kafafuwa da kuma halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, fiye da 100 arthropod. Halitta haddasawa sun shafa kawai ta yawan Bullhead, kifi da sauransu cyclostomes (kifi, farin kifi, Siberian sturgeon da sauransu. D.) suna mutuwa saboda ayyukan mutane.

Daga cikin dabbobi masu rarrafe da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa suna dauke rare legless lizard Anguis fragilis, ma, kazalika da kowa rana. A karshen da aka sani cewa yana da wani m wari da tafarnuwa. Siberian salamander da Kadangare ne m, a cikin bukatar kula iri, m macizai da ciyawa rana hanzari ragewa a cikin lambobin.

List of arthropod na Red Littafi ne mai girma. Rare jinsin su ne kudancin Rasha tarantulas - mafi girma a gizo-gizo a cikin yankin. Har ila yau a cikin wannan category bayyana wasu dragonflies, dutsen cicadas, beetles, dogon-horned beetles, weevils, irin ladybirds, wanda suke da goma sha biyu aibobi. Grassy zagaye Barbel aka dauke miyagun.

tsuntsãye

Birds na Tyumen yankin, da aka jera a matsayin miyagun, lambobi 117 jinsunan. Daga cikin wadannan, 74 jinsunan bukatar m monitoring a kan wani ɓangare na mutum, domin su ne rare kuma m. Daga cikin wadannan irin petrel kira wauta, duck shelduck, Siberian kuma kowa eider, griffon ungulu, krechanka, moorhen. Wadannan tsuntsaye aka jera a cikin appendix na littafin.

The main page ba ƙarin bayani game da kowane, wanda akwai 43. The miyagun Savka, macijin mikiya, cranes, Siberian Cranes. Daga cikin rare da ragewa a yawan jinsunan bayyana mujiya Dalmatian kwasakwasa, Flamingo, mafi girma dabbare mikiya, Bewick ta swan, ungulu.

A Trend zuwa ga yawan dawo da lura a bebe swan da dimilmilo. Dadaddun jinsin suna dauke bustard, karami kestrel, dutse curlew da kadan bustard.

shuke-shuke

Fiye da biyu da ɗari jinsunan Flora gyaran gaba daya Red Littafi na Tyumen yankin. Tsire-tsire suna zuwa kashi angiosperms, ferns, bryophytes da plaunoobraznye. Daga cikin angiosperms rare da ragewa a cikin lambobin ne wasu iri da albasarta (drooping, lafiya meshed), sedges (sako-sako da, duwatsu, jihar bakin teku), Rhynchospora alba. Rasha vuya Iris, fadama calamus.

Daga cikin ferns bace da kuma mashi-dimbin yawa lanceolate moonwort mnogoryadnik. Sauran jinsin su ne rare ko rayayye rage a cikin adadin. Alal misali, mai tsayi Woods, da kuma wasu colutea Dryopteris. Daga cikin gansakuka da gansakuka, bukata da hankali ne Baranez, likopodiella, enkalipta, Meese.

A iyakance factor for yawa shuke-shuke ne hakar ma'adinai. Ayukan iska mai ƙarfi da gudanar da aikin hakar kai ga lalata su halitta mazauninsu. Ya sha wuya, misali, curly skrytokuchnitsa, Kosten kore, dake kan farar ƙasa gangara.

Fungi da lichens

A total number of fungi da lichens a cikin littafin - game da talatin. Daga edible fungi za a iya kira fari Boletus diamita wani lokacin ya kai ta tafiya 25 santimita. Ya ke tsiro a Inuwa wuraren Pine da Aspen gandun daji. M-neman mutinus caninus ne edible kawai a lokacin da shi ne a cikin kwai harsashi.

Dauke rare lacquered da launin toka-yellow Polypore, ji onniya, datroniya, abortipus Biennial, hericium coralloides. A rare m cortinarius kuma dauke edible. Bugu da kari ga Tyumen yankin, aka same shi a cikin Primorsky da Krasnoyarsk Biranan.

Daga cikin rare lichens ne asahineya Scholander, omfalina Hudson, da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha. A sabili da su nau'i nau'i da ake zama da tattalin arziki da kuma yawon shakatawa ayyuka na mutum. Domin acewa huhu Lobar iyakance factor ne iska gurbatawa.

kariya zones

Reserves da reserves na Tyumen yankin da aka kafa domin kariya daga shuka da dabbobi iri, da kuma wajen adana muhimmanci na halitta shimfidar. The most wasan reserves a yankin ne Kunyaksky, Vikulov da Tyumen.

Total ajiye a biyu tarayya da kuma 95 yankin muhimmanci. A Ugra da Yamal yanki yana da hudu kare yankunan - da Upper Taz, Yugansky, "Malaya Sosva" Nature Reserve da Gyda.

Upper Taz Reserve aka located a kan gangara na tuddai har zuwa 50 mita tsawo. A da karkararta yawa kogin kwari da ravines cewa ya zama wani manufa wuri domin rayuwa na rare dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke. Yana gida da rare Siberian salamander, lizard, viper, wolverine, muz, girma da itatuwan al'ul, spruce, larch.