Human Genetics kuma Lafiya

Auren matsayin kimiyya samo asali a cikin farkon karni na ashirin, da kuma a cikin shekaru 50 ya samu m girma. Human jinsi - wannan ne sashe a cikin kimiyya da karatu da tsarin mutum alƙarya, musamman gadar hali da kuma hereditary cututtuka. Wannan kimiyya nazarin mutumin a cikin kwayoyin, salula, biogeochemical, kwayoyin, yawan jama'a da kuma biochorological matakan.

Human halittar jini ne a hankali alaka magani da kuma Anthropology. Medical halittar jini da aka karatu da alamu na watsa hereditary cututtuka daga tsara zuwa tsara, rawar da gadar hali a da dama mutum pathologies, watau, hereditary Pathology (lahani, cuta, deformity, kuma haka a.), Kazalika da ci gaban da ganowa, yin rigakafi da magani daga pathologies a ciki har da cututtuka da hereditary predisposition. Its manufa - to da sauri gane rashin lafiya yara da kuma yin shawarwari domin nada su magani, da kuma cewa yana da muhimmanci sosai don gane dako na wadannan cututtuka (daya daga cikin iyaye). Anthropogenetics karatu canzawa da kuma gadar hali na al'ada alamu na jikin mutum.

Duk da cewa mutum jinsi ne mai gwada matasa yanki na kimiyya, da karatu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan an fara don ya dauke da shãmaki kadan asirai na mutum gene pool. Auren da kuma Human Health juna, da kuma kimiyya suna riga aka sani dama dubu cututtuka, kwayoyin gaskiya, 100% dangane da genotype daga cikin mutum. A mafi tsanani daga gare su, suna dauke galactosemia, acid fibrosis na pancreas (cystic fibrosis), phenylketonuria, hypercholesterolemia, homogentisuria, Down ta ciwo, Turner, Klinefelter, kazalika da daban-daban siffofin cretinism da hemoglobinopathies. Bugu da kari, akwai cututtuka da suka dogara a kan yanayi da kuma a kan genotype da ciwon sukari, rheumatic da kuma wasu da cutar daji, jijiyoyin zuciya da cututtukan zuciya, gastrointestinal cutar miki, schizophrenia da kuma wasu sauran shafi tunanin mutum da rashin lafiya. Sa'an nan likitoci yana da muhimmanci musamman ga fahimtar yadda za a yi amfani da decrypted data da magani daga, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - a cikin rigakafin yawa hereditary cututtuka.

Auren na jima'i mutum - wannan ne sashe na jinsi cewa karatu da rawar da gadar hali inji, kazalika da kwayoyin bambancin a jima'i shiba. Ci gaba a wannan yanki sun yi yiwu rigakafin kuma dace magani daga hereditary cututtuka.

Modern magani da kuma kiwon lafiya halittar jini ne ko da yaushe daidaitacce zuwa rigakafin hereditary cututtuka. Prenatal (antenatal) bincikowa - shi ne mai bincike jarrabawa da tayin lokacin daukar ciki su gane su kayyade lahani. Domin kimanta da intrauterine ci gaban tayin, yi amfani da daban-daban hanyoyin da prenatal ganewar asali: duban dan tayi nunawa, biochemical jini gwaje-gwaje, hemostasiogram, cardiotocography, da sauransu.

A manyan wuri a cikin hanyoyi don kafin haihuwar da yaro don gane asali cutar daukan wani amniocentesis. A Hanyar kunshi a samun ruwar da fetal Kwayoyin ta huda (a karkashin duban dan tayi shiriya) membranes. Yana ba ka damar gane asali wasu cututtuka da kuma chromosomal cuta, dangane da - da gene maye gurbi. Irin wannan ganewar asali ne cikakken bada shawarar ga duk mata masu ciki.

Ci gaba a kimiyya da kuma fasaha Ya hõre zamani mutane amfani da su lshim kasada dangane da unfavorable canzawa fiye da ya aikata a lokacin da suka gabata lokacin da samuwar da kuma ci gaban wayewar dan adam. Chemical, jiki, da kuma quite yiwu, nazarin halittu mutagens iya a nan gaba gudanar da wani sosai tsanani barazana ga kwayoyin tsarin alƙarya.

mutum halittar jini a fili ya nuna cewa yana da cikakken duk jinsi, daga wani nazarin halittu ra'ayi, suna daidaita da kuma samun daidai dama ga su ci gaba, a tsare ta zamantakewa da tarihi da yanayi, ba a kayyade.