Thermal injuna. Nau'in zafi injuna

Heat engine - wata na'ura cewa ya aikata aikin ta hanyar yin amfani da man fetur da makamashi. The inji aiki a kan irin wannan engine, sabobin tuba thermal makamashi cikin inji da ya shafi fadada abu dogara a kan zafin jiki darajar.

A farko zafi engine bayyana a cikin Roman Empire. Yana yana da waje konewa injin turbin aiki a kan tururi. Amma saboda da low na art, da sabuwar dabara aka ba ci gaba. A ci gaba da shi ba shi da tasiri da kuma manta. Daga baya, a kasar Sin akwai wani gunpowder igwa da kuma gunpowder roka. Shi ne mai gwada da sauki na'urar. Daga cikin ra'ayinsa na makanikai da wani foda aka ba zafi da roka mota, amma daga mahangar kimiyyar lissafi ne mai zafi engine. Tuni a cikin 17th karni, masana kimiyya sun yi kokarin ƙirƙira wani zafi engine dogara ne a kan foda gun.

Nau'in zafi injuna

A thermal waje konewa injuna:

1. Stirling engine - a thermal na'urar a cikin abin da wani gaseous ko ruwa aiki matsakaici sa wani motsi a tsare yankunan. Wannan na'urar ta dogara ne a kan wani lokaci-lokaci sanyaya kuma dumama da aiki m. Lokacin da wannan cirewa makamashi da cewa faruwa a lokacin da aiki girma na jiki. Stirling engine za a iya powered by wani zafi Madogararsa.

2. Steam injuna. Su Babban amfani - shi ne sauki da kuma m gogayya halaye, wanda ba ya shafar yi. Kamar haka yana yiwuwa a yi ba tare da gearbox. Wannan tururi engine kwantanta favorably daga ciki konewa engine a low revs bayarwa kasa iko. Saboda wannan dalili, da tururi engine aka dace amfani da wani gogayya mota. Disadvantages: low yadda ya dace, low gudun, wani m kwarara daga ruwa da kuma man fetur, mai nauyi. Kafin tururi engine su ne kawai engine. Amma su na bukatar mai yawa na man fetur da kuma misãlin a cikin hunturu. Sa'an nan, su yi hankali maye gurbin Motors, ciki konewa injuna, tururi turbines da gas, wanda da m, mafi girma yadda ya dace, versatility da kuma yadda ya dace.

Heat na konewa injuna:

1. ICE (tsaye ga ciki konewa engine), - a mota, wanda a lokacin aiki, wani ɓangare na kona man fetur ne tuba zuwa cikin inji makamashi. Reciprocating ciki konewa injuna bambanta a cikin man fetur irin (gas da ruwa) na wajibi sake zagayowar (two da hudu-bugun jini), ta hanyar shirye-shiryen da wani aiki cakuda (kafireta, dizal injuna), makamashi hira irin (injin turbin a hade, fistan da amsawa). A farko ciki konewa engine da aka kirkiro da kuma ci gaba da E. Lenoir a 1860. The aiki zagayowar kunshi hudu shanyewar jiki, domin wannan dalilin, wannan engine kuma ake kira da hudu bugun jini. A halin yanzu, wannan engine ne ya fi kowa a cikin motoci.

2. A Rotary ciki konewa engine. A matsayin misali, wani lantarki zafi tashar aiki a sansanin ya kuma ganiya halaye. Wannan irin engine ne in mun gwada da sauki kuma za a iya halitta a wani size. Maimakon pistons amfani da na'ura mai juyi juyawa a wani musamman jam'iyya. A cikin shi akwai located inlets da kantuna, da kuma walƙiya toshe. A irin wannan hudu-bugun jini sake zagayowar zane da aka yi ba tare da lokaci. A wani Rotary ciki konewa engine iya amfani da cheap man fetur. Ya kuma kusan halitta vibrations, mai rahusa, kuma mafi aminci, don samar da fiye da fistan zafi injuna.

3. roka da kuma jet zafi injuna. Jigon wadannan na'urori ne zuwa dirka halitta ba ta da wani dunƙule, kuma ta dakatar da da shaye gas na engine. Iya ƙirƙirar cravings a sarari ba tare da iska. Akwai m, ruwa da kuma matasan).

Kuma na karshe subspecies - a turboprop zafi injuna. Halittar makamashi na faruwa saboda da dunƙule, kuma saboda da tasiri na shaye gas.