Thomas Young: gudunmawar kimiyyar lissafi

A labarin da ya gaya game da wanda yake Thomas Young, wanda ya bayar da gudunmawa ga ci gaban kimiyyar lissafi da kuma abin da kuma yin shi.

kimiyya

A duk lokacin da akwai kallo da suke m sani da gaskiya tsarin da sararin samaniya, wasu daga da mutum matakai ko mamaki. A zamaninmu kuwa, kimiyya ga bil'adama, babu shakka daya, duk da haka, ba ko da yaushe haka. Abin farin, waɗannan kwanaki ana dogon tafi, kuma na karshe 'yan shekara ɗari unceasingly jajirce fice binciken kimiyyar lissafi da kuma sauran kimiyyar. Kuma Thomas Young - daya daga wadanda suka saka kan daidai da sauran manyan masana kimiyya da suka gabata da shekaru - Becquerel, Lomonosov, Mendeleev.

Amma abin da ya shahara, da kuma abin da binciken sanya? Wannan shi ne abin da za mu tattauna a wannan talifin. Wannan masanin kimiyyar sanshi da cewa an bai iyakance don karatu a kimiyyar lissafi kadai. A asusun da ya kimiyya ayyuka a kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta, makanikai, philology da Physiology hangen nesa.

Thomas Young ta taimako ga ci gaban kimiyyar lissafi

A 1793 Jung a daya daga cikin ayyukansa kishin adam ido, ya nuna cewa ido masauki na faruwa ne ta wani tsari na canji a curvature da ruwan tabarau. Bugu da ari lura, sun ɓatar da masana kimiyya ya yi imani da cewa corpuscular ka'idar haske a cikin filin na kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta, wanda a lokacin an dauke da rinjaye, ba quite gaskiya. Lokacin da Jung ya a cikin ni'imar da kalaman ka'idar haske, kusan dukan masana kimiyya a Ingila a lokacin bai yarda da shi, kuma a karkashin matsin lamba na da ra'ayin a kan lokaci ya ba up nasa karshe. Daga baya, duk da haka, Thomas Young ya kõma zuwa ga kalaman ka'idar haske, kuma shi ne na farko a yi la'akari da matsalar da superposition na raƙuman ruwa. Binciken wannan sabon abu kara, ya gano manufa kutse. Duk da haka, wannan lokaci da aka buga da Jung, a 'yan shekaru baya.

Kuma a cikin wani rahoton da Royal Society, ya ma ya ba na farko bayani daga abin da ake kira Newton ta zobba, bisa tushe na tsangwama, da ya yi magana game da farko gwaje-gwajen, da manufar wanda ya auna tsawon daban-daban haske tãguwar ruwa. Saboda haka a yanzu mun san abin da ya shahara Thomas Young.

A 1804 ya yi nazari a daki-daki, kuma ya bayyana sabon abu na diffraction. Bayan bincike da masanin kimiyyar Fresnel kutse na haske, wanda aka polarized, Jung kintatawa kopeechnogo haske kalaman oscillations. Ciki har da Jung amfanoni da aka jera a cikin ci gaban da ka'idar launi hangen nesa, wanda dogara ne a kan zato cewa a cikin kwasfa idanu ne hasken-m zaruruwa cewa amsa da uku da manyan haske bakan. Yanzu la'akari da mafi yawan sanannun kwarewa da Thomas Young.

kwarewa

Wannan kwarewa ya tabbatar da kalaman ka'idar haske. Amma da farko sakamakon da aka buga a 1803. A wannan gwajin, mai katako na haske directed uwa opaque allo a kan wanda aka located biyu a layi daya slits. Bayan allon da aka saka tsinkaya allo. A peculiarity na slits ya layi daya zuwa na su nisa kamar daidaita da zango na jefarwa haske a cikin gwaji. Kuma a sakamakon, a kan allo ne jerin kutse fringes, wanda ya tabbatar da ingancin wannan ka'idar, wanda ikirarin Thomas Young. Likita da masu lura nuna kalaman yanayin haske.

Sauran kimiyya takardunku

Na tsunduma a cikin wannan fice masanin ya lokaci kamar yadda harsuna - hakikanta zumunta na Indo-Turai harsuna. Kuma ta hanyar, da definition "Indo-Turai" shi ne, shi wanda ya tashi tare da. Har ila yau a cikin nasarori - gabatarwar irin wannan fasali kamar na lamba darajar elasticity a matsawa ko tashin hankali, wanda ya zama sananne a matsayin Matasan ta modulus.

Thomas Jung: A Biography

A nan gaba masanin kimiyyar da aka haife shi a 1773 a wani iyalin sauki siliki m. Ba da da ewa Na koyi karatu, kuma yana da yaro yana da kyau memory, son sani da kuma mai karfi da dirka da kimiyyar. Saboda haka, a farkon shekaru 8 ya tsanani sha'awar ilmin lissafi da kuma geodesy, wanda ya nuna ƙwarai talanti. Kuma kamar yadda wani matashi, riga mallakar harsuna kamar Latin, Hebrew, Italiyanci, Larabci da kuma Faransanci. Ba kowane adult iya fariya da haka mutane da yawa da ilimin harsuna ya ilmi! Bayan duk wannan, bisa ga tunaninsu na dangi, kamar yadda Jung ya m na tarihi da kuma o.

Amma Jung aka asali zaba a matsayin darasi na rayuwarsa shi ne magani. Medical mataki ya samu a 1796. Amma da taron, wanda ya sanya shi financially zaman kanta da kuma yarda ka nutsad kunya a cikin wani kimiyya, ba tunanin game da tushen samun kudin shiga, ya rasuwar kawun - ya bar matasa Thomas a manyan monetary gādo.

Daga baya Jung ya bude wani zaman likita yi da kuma a lokaci guda ya fara da za a buga. Amma m domin yana tsoron domin suna a matsayin likita. Daga baya na zama sha'awar acoustics da kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta. A shekaru 21, ya zama wani aiki memba na London Royal Society kuma don wani lokaci gudanar da post na sakatare in shi. A 1803, ya zama wani farfesa na Royal Cibiyar. A shekara daga baya, ya yi aure Eliza Maxwell.

Duk da nasarorin da kimiyyar lissafi, tun 1811, kuma har karshen rayuwar Thomas Young ya tafi a kan yin aiki a matsayin likita a daya daga cikin London asibitoci. Bai bar shi ga likita sana'a, da kuma a 1818, lokacin da ya zama sakataren ofishin des Longitudes da kuma wani edita na littattafai kamar su "Nautical kalanda." Jung ya kuma ba da gudummawar a Bugu da kari ga daya daga cikin bugu na "Encyclopedia Britannica" ganin cewa ya rubuta game da 60 surori. Sun kasance mafi yawa tarihin rayuwa da kimiyya.

ƙarshe

Bugu da kari ga aikatawa magani da kuma kimiyya, shi ne a san ciki har da yadda mai kyau mawaki, a connoisseur na art da kuma ɗan motsa jiki. Ya mutu a kan wannan m mutumin May 10, 1829. Thomas Young aka binne shi a cikin mazaunan London.