Thrombocytopenia a Children: Haddasawa, Alamun, ganewar asali, Jiyya

Da yawa yara da jimawa sha tsanani cututtuka, wanda sau da yawa adversely shafi su ci gaba. Kawai kamar wata shekarun da suka gabata da suka wuce, 'yan mutane sun ji wannan rashin lafiya, thrombocytopenia, kuma yanzu more kuma mafi sau da yawa shi ne gano a jarirai. Amma abin da ya ƙunshi thrombocytopenia a yara cewa stimulates ta ci gaba da kuma yadda shi bayyana kanta?

Thrombocytopenia Menene wannan Pathology?

Thrombocytopenia - wannan shi ne wani sabon abu da kuma m cuta da za su iya bayyana a matsayin alamomin suggestive na sauran tsanani da kuma kawo hadari ga mutum Pathology (ciwon daji, HIV) ko wani m cutar. Bugu da kari, cutar na iya bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na rashin lafiyan halayen ga kowane irin abu. Har ila yau, wannan cuta na iya shafar mutane suke cũtar barasa, ko don samun wata babbar kashi na radiation. A wannan hasashe, za mu iya cewa thrombocytopenia a yara da kuma manya za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar dalilai daban-daban, da kuma kawai wani gogaggen likita da kuma na zamani bincike hanyoyin ba da damar sanin hakikanin abin da ya haddasa ta bayyanar.

Thrombocytopenia a cikin shimfiɗar jariri - shi ne mai Pathology, a lokacin da wata rage platelet ƙidaya, kuma sũ, a bi da bi, su ne ke da alhakin clotting na jini. Platelets - platelets ne cewa a take hakkin da mutunci da surface da jirgin ruwa kara zuwa shafin na rauni da kuma rauni da aka rufe, da tsayawa da zub da jini.

Abin da triggers bayyanar thrombocytopenia a yara?

Mafi sau da yawa thrombocytopenia a yara ne nakasar aibi, misali, a matsayin wani ɓangare na syndromes Bernard - Soulier, Viskota - Aldrich ciwo, Fanconi da sauransu. Har ila yau a cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da wannan cuta na iya haifar da waye aiki na baƙin ciki - hypersplenism. Kuma duk saboda a gaskiya wannan shi ne jikin inda maikacin jini, da ciyar da lokaci, recyclable.

Rage platelet count iya nuna cewa mutum yana da jini da ciwon daji. Lokacin da bargo hematopoietic gaba daya gushe duk matakai a lokaci guda da mãsu haƙuri ne korau da sauran jini aka gyara.

rarrabuwa na thrombocytopenia

A cuta ne zuwa kashi biyu siffofin:

• Primary - tare kawai ta bayyanar thrombotic ciwo, yayin da sauran kayan ciki da cutar ne mãsu fakowa ba. Thrombocytopenia purpura, idiopathic da hemolytic uremic ciwo - yana da Pathology farko siffofin.
• Secondary bayyana a matsayin rikitarwa na muhimmi Pathology, kamar HIV, hanta cirrhosis ko cutar sankarar bargo.

Dangane da ko da na rigakafi da bangaren na Sanadin thrombocytopenia ko ba ware biyu mafi siffofin yanzu:

• Rigakafi thrombocytopenia - bayyana a cikin m halakar platelets ƙarƙashin rinjayar antibodies. A wannan jiha, da mutum rigakafi da tsarin bai gane platelets daukan su ga kasashen waje jiki da kuma samar da antibodies da su cewa suna tarewa su, sa'an nan exacerbating da haka da wuya yanayin haƙuri.
• Nonimmune fom na iya ci gaba a taron na inji lalacewar platelets, shi mafi sau da yawa yakan faru a lokacin extracorporeal wurare dabam dabam, ko a cutar Marchiafava - Micheli.

Mafi sau da yawa shi ne rigakafi thrombocytopenia gani a yara, da kuma raba shi a cikin da dama kungiyoyin.

Groups rigakafi thrombocytopenia

Shin 4 babban kungiyoyin na rigakafi thrombocytopenia:

1. Isoimmune - wani nau'i a cikin abin da platelets an halakãsu da incompatibility na daya daga cikin jini kungiyar tsarin. Yana iya kuma zama saboda da transfussion mai karɓa tare da kasashen waje platelets a gaban antibodies zuwa ko shigar azzakari cikin farji na antibodies zuwa jariri ta cikin uwa tasa.
2. Transimmunnaya - faruwa a lokacin autoantibodies uwa, wanda yake shan wahala daga wani autoimmune form, ya wuce ta cikin mahaifa da kuma bayan haihuwa nan da nan bayyana thrombocytopenia a neonates.
3. Geteroimmunnaya - wannan kungiyar da ake dangantawa da kasawa a cikin antigenic tsarin platelets, wanda aka rinjayi da cutar ko fitowan da wani sabon irin antibody.
4. Autoimmune - wani rukuni a wadda antibodies ake samar da daya ta mallaka irin unmodified antibody.

Amma abin da ya tsokani bayyanar da cutar, wanda ya haddasa gubar zuwa gare shi, fãce da hereditary factor?

A Sanadin thrombocytopenia

Mafi sau da yawa thrombocytopenia a yara za a iya jawo da irin dalilai:

• Ƙarancin yawa na alama abubuwa a cikin jiki.
• Buguwa.
• An rashin lafiyan dauki ga kayayyakin daga waje duniya.
• Autoimmune aiwatar a cikin jiki.
• Wani Pathology sau da yawa ne HIV, cirrhosis ko cutar sankarar bargo.

Amma ba kawai da cutar da kuma tasiri na waje dalilai da za su iya haifar da cuta, shi kuma iya tsokana a magani da cewa an sanya wa haƙuri.

Abin da magunguna iya fararwa da ci gaban thrombocytopenia?

Kamar yadda kwarewa ya nuna, da kuma da yawa bincike da masana kimiyya, sau da yawa thrombocytopenia a jarirai bayyana a sakamakon magani wadannan kungiyoyin:

• Maganin rigakafi ne sau da yawa "Chloramphenicol" ko sulfonamides.
• Diuretics - "Furosemide" ko "Hydrochlorothiazide".
• Anticonvulsant "Phenobarbital".
• Antipsychotics - "prochlorperazine" ko "meprobamate."
• Antithyroid kwayoyi - "Tiamazol".
• Kwayoyi da ciwon sukari - "glibenclamide" da "Glipizide".
• Anti-mai kumburi kwayoyi - "Indomethacin".

Amma abin da ake da cututtuka iya nuna cewa haƙuri yana thrombocytopenia?

symptomatology da cutar

Bayyanannu a kowane haƙuri iya daban-daban thrombocytopenia, haddasawa da kuma magani, haka ma mutum ba, amma mafi sau da yawa fiye da mafi yawan mutane da cututtuka su ne sosai irin wannan:

• Hemorrhages a cikin fata da kuma mucous membranes. Yana bayyana a cikin nau'i na ja faci na kananan size. Su ne musamman m cikin wadanda wuraren tufafi rubs mafi na jiki. Wadannan spots ba sa jin zafi, ko wani rashin jin daɗi, ba protrude sama da surface na fata, ko mucous membranes. Iya ko dai zama batu da kuma rufe manyan yankunan. Za ka iya kuma sami da karyayyen ja, blue ko greenish-yellow ya dafa.
• M nosebleeds. Hanci mucosa yalwa kawota tare da jini, da kuma babban adadin capillaries ba a gare ta. Saboda akan rage platelet samuwar ya karu capillary fragility, saboda haka wani sneezing, qananan rauni ko colds iya tsokana zub da jini da cewa na iya wuce wa fiye da minti 10.

• Zub da jini gumis. Mutane da yawa a lokacin da brushing ka hakora bayyana kananan zub da jini, amma in da waxannan cututtukan marasa lafiya, wannan alama ne sosai, sai ya furta a cikin mafi cigaban yankunan da gumis kuma yana da dogon isa.
• Zub da jini a ciki da kuma hanjinsu. Sun bayyana saboda da fragility na jini, da kuma iya ko ku tsokane su samun m abinci. A sakamakon haka, jini iya fito da tumbi.
• Jini a cikin fitsari. Wannan alama bayyana saboda cewa an zub da jini a cikin mucosa daga cikin mafitsara da kuma urinary fili fitarwa.
• M da kuma dogon lokaci a cikin 'yan mata. A al'ada tsawon na hailar sake zagayowar ne 3-5 days, da kuma wata-wata ga thrombocytopenia iya šauki biyu ko sau uku ya fi tsayi, kuma m zub da jini.
• Long zub da jini bayan hakori hakar. A ta al'ada jihar bayan minti 20, shi yana tsayawa, kuma idan haƙuri aka same thrombocytopenia, shi zai iya šauki tsawon yawa, kuma duk saboda gaskiya cewa platelets a cikin jiki ne kananan, kuma ba za su iya jimre da aiki da sauri.

Kada ka manta da cewa za a iya samun sosai daban-daban Sanadin thrombocytopenia. Kuma kowane magani zabi akayi daban-daban. Cutar na iya faruwa da kuma cututtuka da suke da halayyar da cuta, don su tsokane shi. A lokacin da ganewar asali kamata a yi la'akari.

bincike da hanyoyin

Idan likita ya ga mãsu haƙuri yana da halayyar bayyanar cututtuka da cutar, abu na farko da ya nada CBC, da wanda ba za ka iya sanin matakin na platelets a cikin jini. Kula da yawan Manuniya sauran jiki - ja jini Kwayoyin da farin jini Kwayoyin. Wannan ne definition na platelet count kuma shine babban hanyar da ganewar asali na irin wannan cututtuka kamar anemia, a yara a karkashin daya shekara da shekaru da kuma mazan.

A halin yanzu, duk mutane tare da HIV rika kai a kai gudumawa da jini count. Doctors bayar da shawarar auku dubawa kowane watanni shida, da kuma dauki more kuma mafi baya daga janar gwajin: a kan rigakafi da matsayi da kuma kwayar load.

Akwai 5 babban abubuwan da zai shafi aiwatar da bincikowa da:

• A rashin wani cututtuka a farkon yara.
• Babu bayyanar cututtuka na hereditary siffofin thrombocytopenia.
• Idan asymptomatic dangi.
• Inganci glucocorticosteroid a wasu siffofin magani dosages.
• Idan zai yiwu, gano platelet antibodies.

Amma yadda za mu bi thrombocytopenia a yara, abin da hanyoyin su ne tasiri? Maganin gargajiya fiye da zai iya taimaka tare da ganewar asali, da kuma iya da ita?

Warkewa hanyoyin domin thrombocytopenia

haƙuri jiyya ga thrombocytopenia ne kai tsaye dogara a kan abin da dalilai sun jagoranci wannan Pathology. Kawai daidai ganewar asali damar zuwa zabi mafi tasiri hanyoyin kwantar da hankali. Yau, likitoci amfani da dama magani zaɓuɓɓuka:

• Magani.
• Surgery.
• Jiyya jama'a hanyoyin.

A wasu lokuta warkar da cutar ba bukatar, shi ke bãya. Alal misali, secondary thrombocytopenia, m, a yara da kadan karu a platelet kirga. A wannan halin da ake ciki, your likita iya rubuta a kan haƙuri kawai bitamin hadaddun da shirye-shirye domin general karfafa jiki.

Amma ga mata masu ciki, wanda ya samu wannan cuta, sa'an nan suka yi da cutar mai tsanani damuwa kada ta kasance. Mata hatched baby, sau da yawa fama da gaskiyar cewa sun yi ƙwarai rage platelet matakai a cikin jini. Bayan haihuwa, da kuma wasu, kuma a lokacin daukar ciki, matakin da wadannan Kwayoyin baya ga al'ada ba tare da wani magani. An dauke da mafi m rigakafi thrombocytopenia, yana da muhimmanci sosai mu bi yadda ya kamata.

Jiyya na rigakafi thrombocytopenia

Rigakafi nau'i na cutar da ake dauke daya daga cikin mafi tsanani, a cikin Bugu da kari, ta kuma fi na kowa. Tasowa Pathology a kan bango na wani raunana na rigakafi da tsarin lalacewa ta hanyar gaskiya cewa yaro ne m tare da mura, SARS, ko da yake cutar HIV-kamu marasa lafiya. Bugu da kari, a cikin hanyar wannan nau'i na cutar na iya zama wanda ba a iya lura da shi ba, kuma likita gwamnati na kwayoyi.

Bayan rigakafi nau'i na kowa autoimmune, wanda kuma ya taso ne daga gazawar da tsarin na rigakafi. Don warkar da wannan cuta, mafi sau da yawa bayar da shawarar shan immunosuppressive kwayoyi. Har ila yau, likita zai iya rubũta glucocorticosteroid kwayoyi, saboda yana da godiya zuwa gare su da cewa platelet count aka ƙara.

A lokuta inda thrombocytopenia aka lalacewa ta hanyar wani virus ko kamuwa da cuta da fari ya warkar da cututtuka da wani karu a platelet count. Zai yiwu, bayan da magani, duk ya kõmo zuwa al'ada.

Mutane daya-daya da hankali, HIV-kamu marasa lafiya. Sabõda haka, kawai suna bukatar iyaye a hankali saka idanu da kiwon lafiya da kuma tsananin bi duk shawarwarin da likita.

A wasu lokuta, da magani daga thrombocytopenia bayar da shawarar tiyata, wato kau da baƙin ciki. Amma wannan hanya da aka koma ga kawai a cikin matsanancin, idan haƙuri yana da wani hadarin zub da jini. Kamar yadda aka nuna, yawancin yara bayan tiyata, idan ta dauki ku kyakkyawan sakamako.

Amma ba kawai maganin gargajiya taimaka a lura zama tasiri da kuma rare hanyoyin.

Traditional hanyoyin da magani daga thrombocytopenia

Jiyya na thrombocytopenia a yara tare da jama'a magunguna ba kyau kwarai da sakamakon, musamman tasiri amfani da sesame man fetur. Yana shirya matakin na platelets a cikin jini. Yana kawai kai a abinci ta 10 grams zuwa sau uku a rana.

Haka kuma yana taimaka jiko na verbena. An shirya kamar haka: 5 g verbena Boiled ruwa, a nade a cikin wani tawul da kuma yarda ka infuse minti 30. Kai shi cikin wata daya da gilashin a rana a cikin kananan rabo.

Kada ka manta game da m matakan taimakawa kare kansu daga thrombocytopenia.

rigakafin

Wadanda yara suka riga rashin lafiya, ko da hali to wannan rashin lafiya, dole a bi dokoki da m matakan:

• Kauce wa duk wani halin da ake ciki da cewa zai iya haifar da rauni.
• Iyaye suna bukatar su daidaita rage cin abinci na yara.
• Kada ku riƙi "asfirin" da sauran kwayoyi na zuwa rukuni na ba-steroidal anti-kumburi kwayoyi.

Iyaye kamata a hankali saka idanu abin da yaransu suka ci, abin da magunguna ga rubũta likita. A cibiyar lafiya har ma da na kowa sanyi zalunta likita dole ne sane da samuwa ganewar asali.

ƙarshe

Summing up, shi dole ne a ce abin da kawai na yau da kullum a kiyaye da dukkan shawarwari da likita, duk kwayoyi da kuma m matakan za ta taimaka da yaro tare da thrombocytopenia ji mai kyau da kuma ba la'akari da kansu slighted. Iyaye na irin wannan ya kamata yara su biya fiye da hankali ga jariran da kullum shiryar da su ga jarrabawa ta hanyar likita. A gaskiya, a cikin kasar ne irin wannan mai yawa na matasa marasa lafiya, amma suna zaune cikakken rayuwa, da kuma cuta ba ya dame su.