Top Swedish marubuci ga yara da kuma manya

The Russian masu karatu na Swedish Wallafe-wallafe ne da farko hade da yara litattafan. A dalilin shi ne Popular gaisuwa "mutumin a cikin Firayim na rayuwa." Wannan m hali fiye da shekaru hamsin da ya kasance a kan TV fuska a cikin dukan tsohon Tarayyar Soviet. Duk da haka, ya kamata a tuna da cewa Swedish marubuta sun rubuta da kuma ci gaba da rubuta littattafai na manya. Su taimako ga duniya adabi ne babba. A kananan yawan Swedish sunayen daga cikin sunayen Nobel Prize nasara a adabi ne saboda wani karamin yawan na wannan al'umma.

Fitowan da kuma ci gaban Swedish adabi

A tarihin wallafe-wallafe a Sweden daukan tushen daga cikin Viking Age, a lokacin da rubuce-rubuce da aka gabatar kawai runic inscriptions. Shizuka bai dauke da wallafe-wallafen darajar - su ne mafi tarihi takardun. A farko bayanai game da Swedish adabi koma zuwa farkon na XIV karni. Mutane da yawa ayyuka na tsakiyar zamanai aka rubuta a Latin, da kuma kawai bayan da dama da muhimmanci abubuwan tarihin da, a sakamakon wanda Sweden ya zama babban arewacin ikon, ya bayyana kwarai Swedish marubuta da kuma kasida wanda aka buga ayyukansu na musamman a cikin harshe. Amma duk da haka da adabi na wannan lokaci da aka gabatar mafi wakoki fiye da litattafan.

Ƙarƙashin rinjayar wakilan Jamus Romanticism a Swedish adabi a nuna na XIX da XX ƙarni, da mawallafa bayyana shahararre ne da tatsuniyoyi. Shahararren marubucin wannan lokaci - Selma Lagerlof, halitta da yawa daga cikin ayyukansa a kan tushen da almara kayan. The daraja kawo ta labari "The Saga na Yates Berling." Amma mafi yawan ayyukansa Lagerlof duqufar ga matasa masu karatu.

Tare da weakening ban sha'awa a cikin romantic mãkirci a cikin duniya al'adu ne da ake ci gaba mai neman na hakika makaranta, daga cikinsu akwai Swedish marubuta daga cikin karni na 19th: Agusta Blanche, Frederick Bremer, Sofia von Knoring, Emilia Flyugare Carlo. Fita daga hakikanci ne Agusta Strindberg da Gustaf Fröding.

Abubuwan tarihin da na XX karni sun samu su gani a Swedish wallafe-wallafe. The haske marubuta na farko da rabi na karni - daidai Lagerkvist, Harry Martinson, Arthur Lendkvsist.

antifascist litattafan

Yaren mutanen Sweden marubuta na farko da rabi na karshe karni gravitated zuwa zamantakewa da labarun almara. Lagerkvist m style ba za a iya dangana ga wannan wallafe-wallafen motsi. Halayyar siffofin da ya litattafan ne mai labari da Misalin. A kasa da kasa fitarwa cewa marubucin samu daga fitarwa na shayari tarin "Tosca". Sa'an nan da aka buga a tarin falsafa tunani "nasara rai." By farkon yakin duniya na II saboda ya alkalami daga bil'adama litattafan a cikin abin da ya nẽmi abin da ke tabbatar da wajibcin gwagwarmaya da duniya mugunta. The zuwa ga ikon da Nazis ba zai iya taimaka amma yin tunãni a kan litattafan wadanda shekaru. Amsar ga ci gaban Nazi akidar A Turai kuwa, labarin Lagrekvista "The Executioner." A wannan aikin, marubucin ya fa, tã wata a layi daya tsakanin biyu ramummuka a cikin tarihi - tsakiyar zamanai da 30-ies na XX karni.

The labari "Barabbas," bisa ga Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin, nan da nan ja hankalin masu sukar. Wannan littafin ya zama mafi shahara aiki na marubuci. Daga cikin marubuta ta yi da suna daga cikin mafi m da kuma iko a ruhaniya hankalta. Shekaru da dama daga baya, fim da aka harbe a kan labari. Kuma a shekara ta 1952, Peru Lagerkvist aka bayar da kyautar Nobel.

A farko mawãƙi na sarari shekaru

A Sweden, ci gaban wallafe-wallafe a cikin post-yaki lokaci akwai wani gagarumin motsi. The ban tausayi abubuwan tarihin da, da ji na sabon duniya da kuma search for mutum wuri a cikin shi - duk wannan ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa yawa talented mawallafa, a duniya. Daya daga cikin mafi zababbun daga waɗanda shekara - Swedish marubuci, kuma ta Nobel Harry Martinson.

Ya main ayyukansu sun zama "Aniara". Wannan abun da ke ciki wakiltar wani zagayowar epics sadaukar hajji sarari jirgin. Sararin "Aniara" kubutar da 'yan dubu mazaunan duniya daga makaman nukiliya bala'i. Martinson ta waka imbued tare da falsafa da kuma m ma'anar. marubuci, Nobel Prize Lambar Yabo ya zama a shekara ta 1974.

Wani Nobel - Eyvind Johnson. Ya fi shahara ayyukansu - wani "labari game da Olaf", "surf", "Yana da aka Jens." Babbar wallafe-wallafen lambar yabo marubucin wadannan litattafan da aka bayar da tare da wording na juri: "Ga wani art cewa shi ne 'yanci."

Wakilai daga cikin Swedish ilimi litattafan fara a matsayin Per Olov Enquist, Goran Tunström kuma Sara Lidman.

Modern Swedish jami'in tsaro

A undoubted nasara a zamani adabi, Sweden ya zama wani jami'in tsaro litattafan. Sweden - a kananan kasar, da mazaunanta ayan Nordic kwantar da hankula. Amma, duk da wannan, a yawan talented marubuta sun halitta da kuma ci gaba da haifar da ayyukansu a cikin laifi salo. Yaren mutanen Sweden jami'in marubuta - mawallafa na musamman style dangane gargajiya canons. Amma wadannan Masters na alkalami kamar yadda amince da aron abubuwa na sauran wallafe-wallafen nau'o'i. Daga cikin wakilan da laifi litattafan za a iya kira da mawallafa irin su May Shevall kuma Per Valo, Henning Mankell, Ake Edwardson, Johan Theorin da yawa wasu.

A Rasha adabi, da jami'in Genre aka bai sakandare muhimmancin. Kuma saboda da bincike da ci gaban da aka bari. A Sweden, shi ne daban-daban. A nan, wani institute a nazarin da jami'in samar da musamman adabi a kan m salo.

Irin ayyukan, bisa ga Swedes, suna wani wuri tsakanin "taro adabi" da "high Genre".

Interest a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden jami'in kara a kasashe da dama a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Wannan shi ne da farko saboda ingancin da wallafe-wallafe. Ba abin mamaki ba, saboda haka, cewa da yawa sanannun Yaren mutanen Sweden marubuta a yau - shi ke nan mataki-mawallafa na jami'in tsaro litattafan. Babban fasali na ayyukansu sun sufi dandano da kuma zamantakewa fuskantarwa.

"Kulle Room"

May Chevalley kuma Per Valo - zamani Swedish marubuci, marubucin jerin litattafan a cikin style of social binciken. The ayyukan "kulle dakin", "The Dariya sanda", "Scoundrel na Sefle" ya zama wani muhimmin sabon abu ba ne kawai a cikin adabi na Sweden, amma kuma a cikin duniya na jami'in tsaro almarar. A littafan da kuma Per Valo May Chevalley - ta amfani da na gargajiya nau'i na Genre - mun kasance iya haifar da wani sabon abu, daban-daban daga cikin ayyukan "taro al'ada". Reader "kulle dakin" daga sosai farko shafukan da laifin sani da sunan. Shi ne a kan daidai da villain, da kuma cikakken bayani wanda aka haka gaugawa nemi 'yan sanda a cikin shakka daga cikin labari. Wannan shi ne babban bambanci daga Swedish jami'in classic Turanci.

Style Per Valo kuma May Shevall halin gaban kananan sassa da m mayẽwa daga matakai a lokacin jinkirin gudanar da bincike, da kuma wani lokacin har ta rashi. Hankula hali jami'in Valo da Chevalley melancholic, bakin wake. Shi ne kullum a kan gab da wani m fashewa. A daukan hankali misali - a depressive hanyar Kwamishinan Beck. Daga bisani, wannan hadisi ya fara rayayye amfani da sauran marubuta.

Da fatalwowi da laifi

Johan Theorin ne ma wani memba na laifi mawallafa na salo. Amma zamani Swedish marubuta da kuma haka m duniya cewa suna iya hada su littattafai litattafansu da asali fasali. A cikin litattafan Theorin daidaituwa rayu tare real kuma otherworldly sammai. Fatalwowi ne a nan a kan wani par tare da 'yan adam. Ba abin mamaki shi ne ake kira da Sweden marubuci Stephen Sarki.

Game da littafan, marubucin har yanzu a cikin wata hira, ya ce: "A heroes of my littattafai sukan samu tare da mazaunan sauran duniya, amma mai karatu ne ko da yaushe hakkin ya yanke shawara ko wadannan fatalwowi figment na kwatanci, ko aikata su sosai zama."

Sufi yanayi da samfurin ne ba tare da Mary Lang "magada daga Alberta." A mataki faruwa a kan Estate a tsakiyar-shekaru lady wanda ya mutu a karkashin m yanayi. Mutane da yawa bayani da kuma yanayi na qananan events daga farko shafukan da karatu ne immersed a cikin m, kuma m duniya. A sakamako ne Karfafuwa da duhu lokaci na rana, a cikin abin da babban mataki faruwa, kuma da labari.

Henning Mankell

Yaren mutanen Sweden marubuta da bincike, sun zama mashahuri wajen kasar. Daya daga cikin mafi yadu karanta mawallafa - Henning Mankell. A biography wannan mutumin ne cike da kasada, wanda a yarda da shi ya zama Multi-faceted m hali.

A goma sha shida, ya bar makaranta da kuma ya tafi wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa a cikin sojojin ruwa. Na gudanar da zama a Faransa da kuma Japan, aiki a daya daga Stockholm ta sinimomi. A shekarar 1993 ya sanya ya halarta a karon: Wallafa labari "blaster duwãtsu." Mankell samu duniya daraja godiya ga jerin 'yan litattafai game da Kurt Wallander. Domin da aikin "Faceless da kashe" a 1991, marubucin aka bayar da Academy Award Swedish jami'in marubuta. Kusan dukkan Mankell yin fim.

Karin Alvtegel

Karin Alvtegen - yar dangi daga cikin shahararrun Astrid Lindgren. Amma, sabanin ta dan uwan, shi ba ya rubuta littattafai yara, da kuma mataki-cushe laifi almarar. Kafin ka buga your farko da aikin, Karin Alvtegen yi aiki a matsayin screenwriter shekaru da dama. Mafi shahara litattafan - "Loss", "Cin Amanar," "The Shadow."

Social al'amurran da suka shafi a cikin m litattafan

Books by Swedish marubuta cika ostrosotsialnymi matsaloli: farkisanci, zamantakewa phobia, da dominance na baƙi, Loneliness, ciki da kuma iyali da tashin hankali. Jami'in tsaro a Sweden ne ba da wani ɓangare na sanannun al'adu. Sai ya juya cikin wani kaifi zamantakewa m iri.

Tsohon Norse adabi masana yi imani da cewa Swedish jami'in tushen koma zuwa Icelandic sagas. Kamar yadda a wani m m Sweden, a na da Iceland na musamman, kome ya faru. Rayuwa a cikin wadannan sassa ya kasance kullum musamman shiru da kuma auna. Saboda haka, wa annan masifu da suka faru, kamar kisan kai, da fyade da fashi da makami, ko da yaushe ya sa a dama hauka. Saboda wannan dalili, duniya wanda aka nuna a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden jami'in tsaro, wani lokacin bayyana a cikin idanu daga cikin masu karatu da gaske girma.

Da farko kusantar da hankali ga zargi da Swedish jami'in tsaro tare da saki da trilogy na Stieg Larsson ta "The Girl Tare da Dragon Tattoo." Events a cikin rãyuwar Mikael Blomkvist kama zukatan magoya na jami'in tsaro salo. Hoton wannan hali ne shubuha. A classic jami'in tsaro, ya iya zama wani fitaccen mai hali. A Yaren mutanen Sweden marubucin ne talakawa mutumin da yake ƙoƙarin magance duk-m jihar na'ura.

Modern Swedish jami'in marubuta da basira amfani Sufi, kalubalanta yabi su heroes da kuma m addini al'ummu. Su haruffa sha daga ciki da kuma zama a cikin yaki da m tsarin gwamnati. Wadannan siffofin na mãkirci, kazalika da cewa mataki faruwa a Sweden kanta - a kasar domin a waje karatu m, kuma m - sa Yaren mutanen Sweden jami'in wuce yarda da m, a duniya.

Yaren mutanen Sweden adabi yara

Astrid Lindgret da Selma Lagerloh - halitta na wurin hutawa haruffa Soviet majigin yara. Tatsũniyõyi ne na Swedish marubuta for Rasha masu karatu - shi ne da farko labarin The Kid da Carlson.

Duk da haka, 'yan mutane san cewa harafin Astrit Lindgret a cikin "mahaifarsa" ya taba musamman m, wajen shi ne wani mummunan gwarzo. Sama marubuci da'awar cewa Carlson yana da yawa na Rasha. Ta kuma yi imani da cewa ta littattafai ne rare a Rasha farko, kuma farkon godiya ga high quality-fassara. Duk da haka, wannan marubucin ya rubuta fiye da 80 littattafai, mafi yawan abin da aka buga a wata ɗari da kasashen duniya.

Selma Lagerlof aiki mafi kyau da yara ne a labari na Nils tafiya. Wannan littafi da aka rubuta a farkon karni na karshe. A cewar labari, da marubuci ya shirya don ƙirƙirar wani aiki a cikinsa a wani nishadi da tsari zai samar da bayanai game da tarihi da kuma labarin kasa na Sweden. Hanya mafi kyau da ƙwarin matasa masu karatu, Lagerlof yi ĩmãni ya zama halittar wani tafiya hali. Suka zama Nilsson. Amma da littafi daga cikin samfurin bai yi aiki ba, kuma ya bayyana a na ƙwarai labari game da m wuraren Nils da abokinsa - Martin Goose. Tare da wani haske hannun Soviet animators da heroes na Swedish marubucin juya a cikin wani sanannun zane mai ban dariya haruffa. 'Yan mutane suna sane yau cewa su mahalicci ya Selma Lagerlof - na farko mace lashe kyautar Nobel ga Wallafe-wallafe.

Astrid Lindgret da Selma Lagrelof - Swedish yara mawallafa da suka lashe shahararsa a Rasha saboda m majigin yara da kuma wasanni. M, amma cute Carlson, yiwu kama a Soviet ƙasa godiya ta zuwa ga na musamman hali, wanda suke muhimmi a cikin da yawa daga cikin haruffa na Rasha tatsuniyoyi: lalaci, boastfulness, da girman kai. A Amurka a kan bad fushi daga wannan hali aikin cire daga makaranta manhaja.

Tatsũniyõyi ne na Maria Gripe

A cikin 'yan shekaru da Rasha karatu ya bude m labari "Bani glassblower," "dung irin ƙwaro tashi a yamma," "Bani da inuwa."

Maria Gripe yara son bayar da labarai iri-iri. Kamar yadda wani matashi, sai ta fara rubuta wakoki, amma, a cikin ta ra'ayi, bai yi nasara a wakoki. Sai da lokacin da ta zama uwa, ya mayar da martani ga abun da ke ciki na m labaru na yara tsanani. A cikin shekaru 70 da marubuci ya halitta jerin labaru game da wani yãro Elvis, wanda daga baya ya zama classic haruffa na yara adabi a Sweden.

Kadan m waje da mahaifarsa sauran Swedish marubuta. Ga yara ma da aka buga ayyuka da Sven Nordqvist, Birgitta Hedin, Wardi Lagekrants, Ulf Stark. Amma wadannan marubuta suna kadan-sani a Rasha, watakila saboda an ba musamman rayayye fassara shi zuwa wasu harsuna.

A adabi na XXI karni

Duk da haka, jami'in almarar da yara adabi a litattafan Sweden ba a iyakance. Yau buga ayyukansu da kuma Yaren mutanen Sweden marubuta, wakilan da ake kira social litattafan. Sun hada da Jonas Gardel, Marie Hermanson, Vigdis Hjorth, Linn Ullmann.

Works ta Marie Hermanson kira "tatsuniyoyi na manya." "Mystery rakushechego gidan" dogara ne a kan Scandinavian labari, inda mutumin sace mugunta trolls. Back gida, wani fursuna iya, amma zama guda - abada.

Top Swedish marubuta sa up dogon jerin talented mawallafa, mafi mashahuri na wanda shi ne a karshen karni na karshe da kuma farkon 2000 ta zama Stig Larsson. Ya shahara trilogy fassara cikin harsunan arba'in. Bugu da kari ga rubuce-rubuce, Larsson sanya wani gagarumin taimako ga aikin jarida, zama marubucin yawa articles a kan m-siyasa jigogi. Aikin jaridar litattafan da Swedish marubucin yana da anti-farkisanci fuskantarwa. A labari, "Dama-reshe ta'addanci" ya duba tarihin ci gaba da kuma yaduwar wariyar launin fata a zamani al'umma.