Tushen. Nau'in na shuka tushen da su ayyuka

Higher shuke-shuke suke da daraja daga ƙananan domin su jiki ne a fili bambancin gabobin. Suna sosai shirya, da wuya ya shirya gudanar da tsarin da kyallen takarda. Su bambancin ba shi da iyaka.

Adapting to daban-daban muhalli da yanayi, da aka tilasta ta samar da wani sabon abu da tsarin a cikin tsarin. Change, zamanintar da kuma daidaita wasu sassa na jiki, don samun mafi dama a wani dadi zama. Mafi yawa daga duk wannan da aka nuna a cikin tushen shuke-shuke.

Gabobi na mafi girma shuke-shuke

Dukan su za a iya raba kungiyoyin biyu:

• ƙasa.
• karkashin kasa.

A farko kamata hada da kara, ganye, flower da 'ya'yan itace. Na biyu - da tushen tsarin da dukan da bijiro da batun kafa abubuwa. A duban farko, kuskure zaton waɗanda quite a bit, saboda yana da kawai tushen. shuka gabobin ne a fairly hadaddun kungiyar tsarin, don haka da m sauki ne m. Wannan ya shafi dukan sassa na jiki.

Karkashin kasa Authority tushen: tushen iri

Shuka tushen iya zama daban-daban biyu a launi da kuma siffar, tsawon, sashe. A cikin duka, akwai uku main iri tushen iri. Name iri tushen wadannan.

1. Cif. Wannan shi ne babban axis tushen, da barin mafi zurfi karkashin kasa. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne thicker fiye da wasu, kuma ya fi tsayi. Saiwoyinsa da ake dauka daga amfrayo tushen. Yana gidaje da babban shugaba da kuma tsotsa zone, ta hanyar da abu ne hawa a zangarniya na shuka, da kuma daga karshen baza a ko'ina cikin jiki.
2. Adventitious. Wadannan Tsarin mika kai tsaye daga babban tushen da kuma reshe daga zuwa gefe, kara jimlar nauyin dukan tsarin. Su yi aiki a matsayin babban, kunshi a sha na abubuwa da riƙewa na shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa.
3. Side. Wadannan abubuwa - wani bakin ciki gashi-kamar tushen tsawaita daga adnexal Tsarin. Su kauri ne wani lokacin kawai daya ko biyu millimeters. Daban-daban na tushen sauye a size, amma shi ne gefe a cikin jimlar taro aka mamaye wannan nuna alama.

Saboda haka, domin a hankula terrestrial shuka tushen ne iri uku, wanda kullum samar da kwayoyin hade duka tsarin.

Nau'in na tushen tsarin

Abin da iri Tushen, mun sami fita. Yanzu shi ya zauna a magance batun tsarin kafa ta su. A total akwai biyu main iri.

1. Rod. Halayyar da aji Monocotyledons shuke-shuke (ciyawa, Lily, dabino, da dai sauransu). Babban bayãnin hukuncin alama: da furta taproot da kuma raunana - da kuma paranasal gefe.
2. Fibrous. Halayyar da aji na dicotyledonous shuke-shuke (Rosaceae, crucifers, legumes, da dai sauransu). A fasalin da cewa yana da wani tushen: tushen iri suna bayyana daidai. Babu babban tun da adventitious kuma a kaikaice sashe kashe shi, kuma an kafa ta a karko, janar tsarin.

More zažužžukan ga tushen tsarin ba a sani.

Iri modified Tsarin

Mun kalli abin ne irin asalinsu. Amma akwai kuma su modified siffofin. Wannan ne, a lokacin da babban, a kaikaice da adventitious Tushen ana tuba zuwa ga wani dan kadan daban-daban tsari, taimaka shuke-shuke daidaita da wa daban-daban muhalli da yanayi.

Nau'in modified tushen wadannan:

• tushen kayan lambu.
• hooks.
• stilted.
• tushen tubers.
• iska.
• Akidar bumps.
• retractable.
• Tushen-jingina.
• numfashi.
• Sucker-asalinsu.

Ga wasu wurare masu zafi jinsunan suke da daraja, wasu tsallaka takamaiman canji na tushen tsarin. Mun yi la'akari da mafi ban sha'awa da kuma rare zaɓuɓɓuka.

m tushen

Shuke-shuke da m Tushen - shi ne mazaunan wadannan wuraren da ƙasa ne matalauta a cikin danshi da oxygen. Yana iya zama ƙasa ko Saline ɓarna, acidic (alkaline). Saboda haka, irin mutane ne tantama ba isashshen sunadarin oxygen da. Domin kama da sha da shi a Bugu da kari, sun riga sun saba kamar haka.

Su kaikaice tushen ake tãyar da sama da ƙasa, kuma a cikin wannan hanya sha danshi da kuma oxygen kai tsaye daga kewaye iska. Duba da modified shuka tushen ne sosai m, wani lokacin ma tsoratarwa. Idan m tushen kafa da yawa, da itãciya dubi sosai voluminous, bushy da kuma wasu kadan aljanna.

A zamanin da, shuke-shuke da irin wannan halaye dangana daban-daban sihiri Properties, domin sun duba sosai sufi. Wakilai hada da wadannan iri:

• orchids, ciki har da na ado houseplants.
• Wasu irin 'ya'yan ɓaure .
• metrosideros.
• thickets mangrove itatuwa .
• creeper.
• Monstera da sauransu.

stilted tushen

Babu shakka, da goyon bayan - shi ne babban aikin yi da tushen. Nau'in na tushen cewa an modified appendages asali Tsarin kuma za a iya amfani da wannan manufa. A misali ne stilted asalinsu. Suna kafa a tsire-tsire girma:

• a wani m da kuma danko sosai laka.
• bakin teku zones (makada) wanda ake niyyar baftisma cikin ruwa.
• a yashi gona.

Su suke da muhimmanci sosai, saboda da girma ya fara stalk. A wannan hanya, jiki da aka karfafa a cikin ƙasa. Da yawa m da m stilted appendages kullum ba da shuka zaman lafiya da kuma inganta m Rooting.

Misalan kwayoyin wanda aka halin da irin Tsarin za a iya rage kamar haka:

• masara;
• mangoro.
• pandanus.
• Malay itace,
• wasu iri na dabĩno.
• Avicenna.
• nipa.
• Rhizophora.
• toshe kwalaba da sauransu.

A general, shuke-shuke da irin wannan tushen yana da nau'i na jiki, kamar yadda idan a tsaye a kan stilts. Wani lokaci su yi kama da wani tanti, a wasu lokuta kawai bada alama na mai iko Multi-faceted ganga.

Tushen-jingina

Akwai su da yawa abubuwan ban al'ajabi da ya gaya mana da kimiyya na ilmin halitta. Nau'in tushen wasu tsire-tsire ne don haka m da ba na gaskiya ba, yana da wuya su yi tunanin su naturalness.

Alal misali, akwai irin wadannan gawawwaki, kamar columnar ko Tushen-props. Su babban manufar - don tabbatar da shuka ba kawai ƙarin goyan baya da kwanciyar hankali, amma kuma cikin iska ikon. Kamar iska, suna kuma iya kayyade yanayi oxygen daga cikin iska.

Saboda haka, shi ya bayyana cewa gyaggyarawa columnar - mai hade da iska da kuma stilted asalinsu. Tsire-tsire, wanda aka halin da irin Tsarin su ne:

• ficus na roba.
• banyan.
• wasu wurare masu zafi da itatuwa.

Features na samuwar Tushen a kan gaskiyar cewa sun tashi daga kwance rassan sa'an nan kuma girma saukar zuwa ga ƙasa. Bayan kai da shi, kai tushen da kuma zama mafi m goyon baya. Kuma tun da sun kasance sama ƙasa, da kuma na biyu aiki - oxygen amfani - shi ne nasara.

tushen

Wannan canji da aka sani zuwa ga kowa da kowa, domin wannan shi ne abin da muka girma a kewayen birni yankunan. Shuke-shuke da irin Tsarin mafi m da kuma gina jiki tushen. Iri da irin wannan canji na tushen iya zama:

• tubers.
• tushen kayan lambu.

Akidar tubers kafa na adventitious kuma a kaikaice asalinsu. Su tara babban adadin gina jiki da damar da shuka don bugun up ciyayi da kuma jin more amintacce a lõkacin da m yanayi. Misalai na shuke-shuke:

• artichoke.
• nasturtium;
• dankali.
• artichoke.
• begonia.
• Caladium.
• diaskareya.
• Lily da sauransu.

Tushen kayan lambu, ko da yake kalmar " 'ya'yan itace" a cikin suna, amma waɗannan jikuna da wani aboki. Wannan thickened taproot shuke-shuke a cikin abin da jari na wani babban taro na gina jiki, pigments, bitamin da kuma sauransu.

Misalan irin shuke-shuke ne mafi mashahuri:

• seleri.
• karas.
• beets.
• faski.
• chicory.
• radish.
• parsnip, da sauransu.

Wadannan al'adu su ne wasu daga cikin rare amfanin gona. Su suna horar da, amfani da shiri na magunguna da ake shirya daga wadannan bitamin.

Menene tushen da shuka?

Amsar wannan tambaya, an riga an tashe a cikin shakka daga cikin labarin. Ya zauna kawai a takaita da generalize duk na sama, don bayyana shi amsar wannan tambaya: "Abin da ya aikata tushen da shuka?"

1. Anga, ko ƙarfafa.
2. Aiwatar da sha da sufuri da na ruwa da kuma ma'adinai mahadi.
3. Gyare-gyare bauta ta kulle da kuma kantin sayar da gina jiki.
4. Tushen ne sashin jiki haifuwa vegetatively.
5. Shi ne da samuwar bitamin, hormones, pigments.
6. Akidar shiga cikin wani symbiotic dangantaka da kwayoyin cuta, fungi.

Specific gyare-gyare na Tushen ana amfani da daban-daban aikin na'urorin. Game da su muka ambata a lokacin da la'akari da kowane mutum misali.