Vasily Shukshin: biography, rayuwa labarin, kerawa

Vasily Shukshin, wanda biography za a nuna a cikin wannan labarin, ya kasance wani m mutum, kokarin samun shi a rayuwata kome kamar yadda idan ya hango farkon tashi. Da ya gudanar, game da duk rashin daidaito, don cimma burin su, kuma ka gaya mutane na sadarin zukatansu ta hanyar da wallafe-wallafen da cinematographic ayyukansu.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Babu daya sa ran yaron daga m Altai Territory da ya nuna duk. An haife shi a kauyen splices kafin yaki, a shekara ta 1929, Vasiliy Makarovich yi koyi da rabo na kakanninsu, kuma a rayuwa da aiki a ƙasa. Amma Shukshin ya ba talakawa mutum, sai ya bai yarda su tafi tare da ya kwarara da kuma yarda da kanka a mafarki.

A shekara ta 1933 iyalinsa sha wahala a mummunan bala'i. Makar L., shugaban iyali da kuma breadwinner, aka kama shi kuma da sannu harbe. Domin ya cece su yara daga fushin hukuma, uwar Maria S. ba su ta na farko sunan - Popov.

A tsakiyar yakin Vasily kammala karatunsa shekaru bakwai da suka tafi Biisk, shiga da a kwalejin. Biyu da rabi shekaru na rayuwa ta gudana Shukshina size, sa'an nan ya ragu daga kuma ya kõma zuwa ga 'yan qasar gidajen abinci.

Fara na aikin

Ba abin mamaki cewa a cikin marigayi 40-ies na kudi da aka taba isa, ko kuma wajen, kawai bai wanzu ba. Saboda haka, saurayin ya yanke shawarar in je kusa da Turai bangare na kasar. Samun wani ilimi na musamman, Vasily Shukshin, wanda biography - wani labarin game da rayuwar talakawa Soviet jama'a, ya fara aiki a matsayin makaniki a daban-daban masana'antu (a Kaluga, Vladimir, a cikin Moscow yankin). A shekarar 1949 aka kira up.

A 1953, Shukshin aka sallame daga Navy saboda wani ciki rashin lafiya. Da kuma ya kasance a kan gida ƙasa. Splice, sai ya wuce da matriculation exams, wanda ya yale shi ya yi aiki a matsayin malami. Gonarsa sai ya zaɓi da Rasha harshen da kuma adabi, amma, ta nasa m, aka ba mafi kyau malami. A cikin wannan makaranta Srostki wasu lokaci rike matsayin Director.

Amma ko da irin wannan shafi tunanin mutum da aiki (da Shukshin ƙaunar yara sosai!) Ba a iya gamsar da duk burinsu na wani saurayi.

Moscow

A shekara ta 1954, domin da cewa na yi duk Shukshin Altai, ya yi niyyar zuwa babban birnin - zuwa nasara da Moscow. Money ba ma a kan hanya, don haka uwar wadanda suka yi kokarin a kusa da goyon bayan da ɗansa, ya sayar da wata sãniya-nas.

Vasily Shukshin, wanda biography misali ne na yadda sanyi zai iya canza rayuwar mutum, a shekarar 1954 ya shiga Film Institute a kan hanya zuwa Romm, ko da yake asali aka je scriptwriting baiwa. Tare da nasara ya sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare a shekarar 1960.

Amma a lokacin da yake karatun ya fara aiki a matsayin actor. Vasiliya Makarovicha farko aiki an episode a "shuru gudana cikin Don", kuma bayan shekaru biyu ya alamar tauraro a cikin "Biyu Fedor" movie.

wallafe-wallafen da ayyukan

Da farko labarai Shukshin rubuta yayin da har yanzu ba'a tabbatar da kasarsa na Baltic jiragen ruwa, da kuma sun karanta wa abokan aiki. To da gaske rubutu aiki, sai aka tsunduma kawai a Moscow, a lokacin da shugaban na darektan daga cikin shakka Mikhail Romm shawarci masa ya buga a mujallolin.

"Change" ya saki farko shirya labarin a shekarar 1958, "Biyu a keken shanun." A shekarar 1963 da baton dauki mujallar "New World". Its shafukan da labaru "Grinko Malyugin" da "High School direba".

A wannan shekara, Vasily Shukshin ya marubucin littafin "The kauyen", wadda ta bayar da "Sun Guard".

A farkon 1970s, an buga shi tarin gajejjeran labaru, "Characters".

Vasily Shukshin, wanda litattafan sun zama m tare da masu karatu, aka amsa samu ta hanyar wallafe-wallafen sukar. Mutane da yawa lura da cewa da irin wannan gaskiya da kuma soyayya ga haruffa ba a baya ci karo. Marubuci mamakin da su tare da plasticity, taka tsantsan da kuma m ilhami.

Tun shekarar 1958 Vasiliy Makarovich ta buga fiye da dari gajejjeran labaru, hikaya "Up zuwa uku zakaru", da dama kwaikwaiyo da kuma litattafan, kazalika da] ansu litattafan biyu - "Lyubavin" da "Zan zo gare ku."

Vasily Shukshin, wanda littattafai ne mai gani na Soviet gaskiya rustic, sosai alhakin tsarin kula da wallafe-wallafen tsari. Littafinsa, na farko ya yi ciki da baya a 1950s. Kuma idan ya kasance a cikin splice da dogon tattaunawa tare da haihuwa, ya rubuta dukan iyali Legends da labaru. Saboda haka, "Lyubavin" - shi ne, a gaskiya, a littafin game da iyali hadisin, da wuya sau da kulaks da collectivization, wanda abin ya shafa da kuma iyali na Shukshin. Da masu bincike ba shakka cewa duk haruffa a cikin littafin da su prototypes a hakikanin rai.

Na biyu labari marubuci na dogon lokaci a ci gaba. Vasily Shukshin, wanda biography ya ba ta kasance batun da tsegumi, tattara abu, used archives da gidajen tarihi na daban-daban birane, saboda gwarzo na littafinsa aka Stepan Razin. Yana Shukshin gan zama majiɓinci na peasantry, mai neman gaskiya da kuma mai kula da cikakken nufinsa na kowa mutane.

A littafin da aka buga a installments a mujallu, da kuma kawai a shekara ta 1974 ne gaba daya daga cikin wallafe-wallafe gidan "Soviet marubuci".

cinema

Bayan samun digiri Shukshin ya fara aiki a matsayin darektan a cikin studio a gare su. Gorky. Da farko film "na swan ta rahoto," Ya dauki, yayin da har yanzu dalibi, - shi ne ya girma sabawa rubuce-rubucensu.

A shekarar 1964, akwai wani film, loosely dangane da farkon labaru Shukshin - "Ya zaune a Guy". A wannan shekara ya lashe "Venice Lion" kamar yadda mafi kyau fim yara.

Bugu da kari, SHukshin taka leda 28 matsayin. Ya ba ta kasance a takaice irin wannan tsari, amma ya yi kokarin ciyar more lokaci shiryarwa ba. Shi ne wannan Vasiliy Makarovich aka tilasta bayyana a cikin fim Bondarchuk "Suka yi yaƙi domin su kasa." Shukshin Jihar cinema ya sa stringent yanayi, da kuma a yanayin saukan ƙi da rawar da zai iya ban da samar da wani fim game da Stepan Razin - guda daya a kan wadda ta darektan yi mafarkin shekaru da yawa.

Movies Vasiliya Shukshina ko da yaushe aka musamman gaskiya, da kuma haruffa a yi - ne personification na dukan na Rasha rayuwa.

A matsayin darektan Shukshin ya marubucin shida zane-zane, daga gare su, "kuka-shagon" wanda Vasiliy Makarovich dauke da ya fi kyau aiki.

"Kalina Krasnaya"

A fim na 1974 shi ne na karshe harbi na darektan, amma a lokaci guda kuma na farko da launi.

Wannan shi ne wani hoto na Shukshina na Soviet gaskiya. A da shi muna magana ne game da wani barawo kwanan nan saki Egor Prokudin, wanda ya zo ƙauyen da ƙaunataccen Lyuba da kuma fara, sãbuwa, to ba da ransa. Ya za kyau abokai, wani babban iyali ... Zai ze cewa al'adar da ake kafa. Amma da haihuwa cronies na mallaka ba ya so ya bar Yegor kadai, don haka yana da don yin yaki domin nasu farin ciki, da kuma rayuwa da gaskiya mutum.

"Kalina Krasnaya" - wani fim da Jamusanci darektan Rainer Fassbinder kira ya fi so zanen. A tef ya samu dama cinematographic kyaututtuka.

Abin lura shi ne cewa fim da aka fito da tare da kadan, ko kuma ba gyararrakin, wanda ake bukata Jihar Cinema kwamitin, da cewa an tabbatar da idon basira. Kuma duk saboda Shukshina miki worsened, da kuma Hukumar, dõmin tsõron mutuwa da darektan, yanke shawarar tsallaka da movie ba tare da m katsalandan.

Movies Vasily Shukshin tãyar da babban halin kirki al'amurran da suka shafi da kuma nuna wani real Rasha kyawawan dabi'u.

mutuwa

The mutuwar Vasiliya Makarovicha wata babbar duka zuwa ga abokai, iyali, kuma ga dukan Tarayyar Soviet.

Wannan ya faru ne a watan Oktoba na shekarar 1974 a lokacin da Shukshin kasance a cikin movie "Suka yi yaƙi domin su Mahaifa, mahaifiyata". Na gano gawarta abokinsa actor Georgy Burkov. Kamar yadda ya juya daga baya, da talented rayuwar mutum gamu da wani ciwon zuciya. Vasily Shukshin ne kawai shekara arba'in da biyar.

iyali

Haifuwa daga Vasiliya Shukshina ya kasance kullum a ɓangaren rayuwarsa, ya iya ba numfashi a cikin gida iska da kuma mai kyau dogon zance tare da na gida mutane. Yana da yake a cikin Altai, ya sadu da farko soyayya, Mariyu Shumskuyu, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin malami. Sun yi aure a cikin 1955, amma Mary ki tafi tare da mijinta zuwa Moscow. Kuma shi ya ta Laifi.

A shekarar 1957 Shukshin tambayi biyu saki, amma Shumskaya flatly juya sauko da shi. A gaskiya, wannan aure ba, kuma ba a kare. Vasiliy Makarovich musamman batattu fasfo dinsa ga sabon aka ba niƙe a kan m-fated aure.

Sa'an nan, ya yi aure Victoria Sofronova, wadda ta haifa masa 'ya mace, Katherine. Amma wannan jam'iyya ba su zama m. Tun shekarar 1964, ya aka yi aure to actress Lidii Chaschinoy, daga abin da, a karshen, ya tafi zuwa wani actress - Lidii Fedoseevoy.

Kuma a nan ne na karshe da aure ne zuwa Vasiliya Makarovicha farin ciki da murna, ko da yake, sake, short-rayu, amma akwai da aka shiga tsakanin mutuwa da kanta. Lydia da Basil yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu - Maria da kuma Olga, wanda ya zama wani actress.