Wannan karatu likita jinsi

Auren - da kimiyya da karatu da kaddarorin rayayyun kwayoyin halitta kamar gadar hali da bambancin. Kamar yadda aka sani, babban alama yanayi da cewa bambanta da shi daga matattu - da ikon haifa. Wani muhimmin inganci, kira a matsayin gadar hali, ne repeatability t. E. The ikon haihuwa nasu irin. A kan talakawan, da wakilan da wani irin ne mafi kama da su 'yan qasar kakanninsa, fiye da sauran mutane daga cikin wannan jinsin.

Amma cewa kowane jinsi yana da wani matakin na volatility, domin ko 'yan'uwa ne ba daidai kofe. Dukansu dalilai - gadar hali da kuma bambancin - nazarin da nazarin halittu kimiyya na jinsi, wanda ya kunshi, bi da bi, da na kowa, kuma masu zaman kansu sassan. Idan abu na nazarin janar partitions kayyade bincike ne tushe na gadar hali, da bincike na DNA, da tsarin kwayoyin halittu da su maye gurbi, da masu zaman kansu sassan mãsu lazimta a kansu su gane kowa alamu a jinsuna daban na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

Human Genetics - Jagoranci zaman kansa sassan. Wadanda daga ta sadarwa, wanda dangantaka da mutum Pathology, likita halittar jini da karatu. Manufar wannan reshe na kimiyya - gano rawar da kwayoyin bangaren da asalin da kuma shakka na cututtuka daban-daban.

Cututtuka da cewa karatu likita halittar jini, ana raba a kan ainihin hereditary da multifactorial. Tsohon hada chromosomal (lalacewa ta hanyar canza yawan chromosomes ko sifa) da kuma gene (saboda gene maye gurbi) cuta. Idan maye gurbi ne ba a cikin daya kawai gene, wannan cutar da ake kira monogenic.

Kira multifactorial cututtuka ga abin da akwai kwayoyin predisposition. Wadannan sun hada da mafi yawan sani mutum cututtuka. A kan abin da ya faru na wannan cututtuka a wani mutum, sai dai ya fi karfinsu waje tasiri, samar da jihar sa kwayoyin halitta wadda za ta iya adadin zuwa dubun, kuma daruruwan.

Medical halittar jini a matsayin kimiyya da nufin gane asali hereditary cututtuka, za su gudanar da wani bincike na su ruwan dare a daban-daban na zamantakewa da kabilu, bayar da shawarwari da marasa lafiya da iyalansu, rigakafin hereditary cututtuka, to nazarin pathogenesis da etiology irin wannan.

Ga masu rigakafin hereditary cututtuka asibiti itatuwa yana amfani da prenatal tushe (m. E. antenatal) bincikowa. The aiki na likitoci - dace ganewa na duk yiwu pathogenic dalilai da kuma kima daga cikin hadarin wasu cututtuka a haifa ba, dangane da kiwon lafiya da matsayi na m iyaye. Saboda haka da muhimmanci musamman ga ma'aurata tsammani yaro ko suna kawai shirin juna biyu, sha cikakken dubawa na jihar nasu kiwon lafiya da kuma gano duk matsalolin na daban. Ciki har da muhimmanci a san da kuma sanar da likitoci game da data kasance a cikin iyali (duka biyu ta hanyar nan gaba uba, da kuma a kan mahaifiyarsa ta gefe), hereditary cututtuka da sauransu.

A m kasashen, halittar jini da kuma magani aiki inseparably. Sha'awar a nan gaba kiwon lafiya na da mata (matar) da kuma kasancewarsu a cikin iyali na hereditary cututtuka sanya dogon kafin aure. A wasu ƙasashe, wani likita takardar shaidar shi ne m daftarin aiki domin rajista na aure.

A cikin 'yan shekaru, kiwon lafiya da halittar jini Ya sanya wani nasara a ci gaba. Babban nasara shi ne deciphering na mutum genome, da ganewa na duk kwayoyin halittu da kuma gano kwayoyin halitta na fi sunadaran. Yanzu masana kimiyya suna rayayye nazarin dangantakar daban-daban kwayoyin halittu da takamaiman cututtuka a nan gaba ya yi alkawarin ci gaban da tushen sabon hanyoyin kwantar da hankali kwayoyin cututtuka da kuma rigakafin cututtuka masu zuwa wanda mutum ne yiwuwa.

The aiki na wani m likita - farkon ganewa na marasa lafiya da Pathology na hereditary yanayi, tabbatas da yanayi da kuma shugabanci na haƙuri ga dace likita-kayyade cibiyar.