Wanne sojojin ne Jamus? Army Jamus: adadin, kayan aiki, makamai

Fama capabilities na sojojin kasashe daban-daban ne daban-daban, da kuma sau da yawa sosai da suke boye, kuma a kafofin watsa labarai da aka faɗa musu game da wani ba babu Jihar harkokin. A mafi muhimmanci da karfi yana da Jamus, wanda sojojin wahayi tsoro. Duk da haka, masana sun ce a gaskiya ba haka ba ne Rosy matsayin alama. Shin da gaske? Ka yi kokarin fahimtar.

ƙasa sojojin

Lura cewa Bundeswehr aka hada da wani uku-reshe tsarin, wato, daga cikin Army, Air Force, kuma Navy. Kamar yadda mutum aka gyara hada karfi domin tabbatar da shi an halitta a 2000 da kuma kiwon lafiya da sabis.

Bari mu fara da Army. A Jamus, da suka hada da mu hudu ma'aikatan da kayan yau da kullum na manyan NATO jikuna da ake kira "m tayin", biyar sarrafawa kungiyoyin a hedkwatar wasu sojojin kungiyar soja (da Girkanci, Spanish, Turkish, Italiyanci da kuma Faransa), biyar rarrabuwa da kuma karin da kuma matsayin naúrar:

• biyu tank rarrabuwa .
• Motorized dakaru Division.
• airmobile rabo.
• Division Special Ayyuka Forces.

Land Jamus sojojin alama sosai ban sha'awa. Bugu da kari, ba da firepower a kwatanta da shekarun da suka gabata, shi dai itace cewa da na yanzu birged lambobi 5,000 sojojin ne mafi tsananin qarfi, kuma mafi m fiye da kafin. A zamani fama da yanayi da muhimmiyar rawa da shi taka fil dakaru yaƙi, don haka da yawan rarrabuwa har yanzu dogara sosai.

The girmamawa a kan wanzar da zaman lafiya

Army Jamus, bisa ga muhimman hakkokin takardun na Jamus soja yi, da farko mayar da hankali a kan kiyaye zaman lafiya yadda ake gudanar a cikin sojojin taron dangi da kuma tsari na gida rikice-rikice, da low mataki na tsanani. Wannan shi ne, a cikin hali na wani yanayi na yaki da kasar a shirye don yin yaki ne kawai tare da fili weaker abokin gaba a kan aiki, fasaha da kuma tafarkin damar.

Yawan Jamus Army ya rage muhimmanci a cikin 'yan shekarun nan - muna magana ne game da Army: yanzu shi ne 84.450 mutane (ciki har da wadanda suka yi nazarin a soja makarantu). Bugu da kari, tun a shekarar 2011 a Jamus soke wajibi soja sabis, wanda yanzu cikakken kamu da yana daga shekara guda zuwa 23 watanni.

Yanzu ayyukan na kasar da kasashen waje

A cewar farkon 2015, da Jamus sojojin ne halin yanzu ayyukan soji a yankunan kamar:

1. Afghanistan (900).
2. Uzbekistan (100 mutane).
3. Kosovo (763).
4. Rum (800).
5. Somalia (241).
6. Mali (144).
7. Lebanon (128).
8. Bosnia da Herzegovina (120).
9. Sudan (10 mutane).

A duk wadannan ayyukan da hannu Jamus, wanda sojojin da aka shiga tsakani, yafi a fuskar cikakken lokaci ma'aikata ko ma'aikata tafarkin goyon bayan raka'a. Abin lura shi ne cewa sojojin fama bangaren bai wuce 10% na yawan jama'ar, amma a general kasar da gangan ba da hannu a cikin sabon ayyukan da kasashen waje, musamman idan kana da su yi aiki a lamba dakaru fama, a cikin abin da Jamusanci sojoji a fili weaker.

A makamai na sojojin ƙasa

Land sojojin kasar suna da wadannan makamai:

• 1095 babban yaƙi tankuna.
• 644 filin manyan bindigogi da bindigogi, rokoki da kuma mahara roka shirin mai gabatarwa tsarin.
• 2563 sulke fama motocin (Armoured Personnel dako, 736 daga cikinsu).
• 146 hari jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Wannan overland kayan aiki Jamus sojojin a kan takarda, amma a zahiri da halin da ake ciki shi ne da ɗan daban-daban. Masana sun lura cewa janar Trend na Jamus jihar sojojin a kan takarda da kuma a gaskiya ne daban-daban, da kuma ba mai kyau ga kasar gefe. Sai dai itace cewa a taron na Martial doka, Jamus ne mai wuya ga hamayya da karfi da iko na zamani da kuma nagartaccen kayan aiki da kuma makamai.

"Damisa" - da babban tanki

Main Battle Tank Bundeswehr - shi ne "Damisa." A farkon shekarar 2015 sulke sassa na kasar da su ne bisa amfani da "Damisa-2" model - suna dauke da makamai 685 guda. Sauran tankuna ( "Damisa 1") sannu-sannu amfani da su samu karfe, da kuma a cikin site - ilimi dalilai. Kuma da sosai farko model, bisa ga kasar statistics, akwai kawai 173, za su yi ritaya ta 2017.

Game da gyare-gyare na "Damisa-2" inji, bukatun da zamani fagen fama ne kawai alhakin "Damisa-2A3" (su samar aka gudanar da baya a 1984-1985) da kuma "Damisa-2A4" (samar daga 1985 zuwa 1987). Duk da haka, kwanan nan filin gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa Jamus sojojin kayan aiki ne halin da low matakan da nishaxi, amma saboda a shekarar 1991 da aka soma da tankuna modernization shirin da ake kira KWS II.

modernized tankuna

Tun 1995, duk da tankuna, wanda aka kyautata, zama da aka sani da suna "Damisa-2A5". Su 2015 akwai game da 470 guda. Kuma waɗanda tankuna cewa shirin ba da aka sayar zuwa kasashe masu tasowa. Tun 2001, 225 an kyautata mafi motoci, wanda sun zama mafi zamani da kuma dakunan da ake kira "Damisa-2A6". New model aka sanye take da karfafa makamai hasumiya, da mafi nawa-kare.

Jamus Panzer Army, musamman, modified tanki, ja hankalin masu da wani sabon kayan aiki Rhl 120 / L55 - tare da wani dogon ganga, wanda qara firepower na na'ura da kuma kara da kewayon harsasai amfani. Ya zama mafi fitattu kuma na zamani a kan-jirgin lantarki, a cikin abin da wani sabon tsarin na bayanai management. A tank fara auna 62 ton, kuma a general ta bayani dalla-dalla sun zama mafi alhẽri.

Bakwai gyara "Damisa"

A 2010, da "Damisa" an inganta sake - to bakwai gyara, da ake kira "Damisa 2A7 + '. Ta zama mai nauyi hari dandali na yaki a birane halin wurare. A karkashin canje-canje, za a iya inganta nawa kariya, zai kasance m tsaro kayayyaki na daban-daban tsinkaya daga cikin gidaje da kuma hasumiyar za a shigar latticework fuska da RPGs, kananan makamai za a sanye take da wani module cewa za a iya sarrafawa mugun. Jamus, wanda sojojin ya dade da aka dogara ne a kan tsufa fasahar, shirya don canja wurin zuwa na bakwai gyara na domin na 150 tankuna, ko da yake ya zuwa yanzu wannan burin ya ba da aka cimma. M data game da yadda da yawa har yanzu a kan kasar ta m modified inji, babu, amma a cikin jama'a yankin, za ka iya samun bayanai game da 70-96 tankuna. A bakwai gyara don haka yanzu kawai shirya ya ci gaba ...

haske sulke da motocin

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na haske sulke da motocin da kasar ta ko da yaushe ya tsaya BMP "Marder", wanda ya zo a cikin sabis a 1961. A lokacin da shekaru na aiki da na'ura zauna kusan canzawa, kuma kawai a shekarar 1979 da model aka hõre zamani, don haka da cewa shi ya fara ba gabatarwa ATGM "Milan" a gefen dama na hasumiya, sa'an nan ya bayyana gyara A2, kuma A3. An yi imani da cewa tsarin "Marder 1A3," bisa ga mataki na jami'an tsaro a wata hanya ba, baya zuwa rare da kuma iko tank "Damisa-1". Bugu da ari, gyare-gyare da model ba, kuma tun shekarar 1985 a Jamus ya fara aiwatar da shirin raya na BMP "Marder-2." Amma ci gaba da dauki lokaci mai tsawo, kuma na farko da samfur na sabon inji aka gabatar a watan Satumba na shekarar 1991, da kuma gwaji a shafin da aka kammala kawai a 1998.

Jamus Army a 2014 kunshe a abun da ke ciki 1581 "Marder-1" duk gyare-gyare, kuma akwai magana game da abin da ya maye gurbin wannan inji zo BMP "Puma", a kan wanda aikin ya riga an kammala a 'yan shekarun nan. An kiyasta cewa, da farkon na shekara ta 2016 shi ne aka yi nufi ga ƙara kasar dauke da makamai. Amma a gaskiya dai itace cewa muddin ba gyare-gyare "Puma" a cikin Jamus arsenal akwai. Sai dai itace cewa da babban wajen tabbatar da motsi na dakaru da wuta cover, - motoci da wheeled sulke da motocin iri. A Figures nuna cewa daga cikin haske sulke da motocin a cikin rundunar sojojin kasar da gaske dace da yin amfani da wani Jamus sulke fada motocin a cikin adadin 1 135 Armoured Personnel dako, na abin da kawai 779 su dace da yin amfani da fama, yayin da "Wiesel" shi ne mafi dace ba su safarar ma'aikata da kuma ga m.

zamani manyan bindigogi

A sau daya karaya Jamus manyan bindigogi ya halartar da yawa canje-canje, da kuma abu na farko da suka sa a cikin manyan sikelin-ragi. Kamar Amurka, Jamus, wanda sojojin bukatar zamani da kuma nagartaccen kida, shi ya fara haifar da da latest kuma technologically m makamai tsarin da zai ba da damar da sojojinsa su yi girma firepower ko da a rage yawan guda na kayan aiki. Jamus da suka qirqiro wani musamman gun PzH2000, wanda ya bayar da sighting rufe misali harsashi hari a nesa na 30 km. Rate uku Shots for kawai 9.2 tare da misali zama 10, 8 Shots - for 51,4 seconds a 60 na kullum. A rarrabe fasali na gun hada da wadannan:

1. A rikodin ga kudi na wuta.
2. High da kuma dogara da kariya da matukan jirgin da kuma kayan aikin soji saboda booking wani karfe hasumiya da kuma kai-propelled jiki.
3. A ganiya kauri daga makamai - wani tabbacin cewa ƙungiya za a amince kare da kananan makamai zamo har zuwa 14.5 mm, manyan da wani ɓaɓɓake daga bawo.
4. Amfani da wani gun ne kuxi kai tsaye a fagen yaƙi.

ACS ne mafi kyau a duniya, don haka mun sami amsar da tambaya game da abin da sojoji a Jamus, ya fi dogara da kuma iko. Duk da haka, irin wannan kayan aiki a kasar kadan kasa da 200 guda.

Wani araha kayan aiki na Jamus sojojin - kai-propelled rokoki: M113A1G PZM (120 mm) da kuma 100 MLRS MLRS. Wadannan kayan aikin da wadannan fasaha fasali:

• harbi range - daga 2 km zuwa 40 km.
• rauni yanki a daya gulp - har zuwa 25,000 murabba'in mita. m.
• sanye take da yawa iri tarin harsasai, ciki har da tari.

Army jirgin sama Bundeswehr

Jamus Army sufurin jiragen sama shirin kunshi 38 hari jirage masu saukar ungulu "Tiger", hari jirage masu saukar ungulu 118 A-105, 93 nauyi kai jirage masu saukar ungulu CH-53G, 93 multipurpose uh-1D, EU-39 77 135 da kuma NH-90. kasar Air Force Management samar da wani tsakiyar gwamnati da kuma aiki umurnin a Cologne. Aiki umurnin hada da uku iska rarrabuwa, amma su horo raka'a a kasar ba. Cadets suna horar a Amurka a kan nasu fasaha sansanonin.

Babban daukan hankali da karfi na Jamus jirgin sama bisa saman soja-m "Typhoon" - a wannan lokaci a kasar ta arsenal na game da 100 guda. Kamar yadda za a iya buga amfani harin "iskar" (su ne bisa Jamus 144 guda) na karshe gyara. Masana sun yi hasashen cewa wadannan inji ne iya zama a cikin sabis a gaba 8-10 shekaru. Yawan Jamus sojojin ne hankali rage, kuma wannan Trend ne lura a sharuddan da kayan aiki. Saboda haka, a cikin Luftwaffe arsenal akwai har yanzu tsohon soja-kai harin "fatalwa-2", "iskar", ko da yake su ya kamata a rubuta kashe dogon da suka wuce.

A kasar iska kai da dama A-319, A-340, amma masana sun ce wadannan dama bai isa ya sadu da fuskantar kalubale da shi. Wannan shi ne, a ba adadin kayan aiki bai isa ba har ma ga saukowa daga daya Airborne birged da kuma ta wadata don tabbatar da akalla wata daya, batun aiki tashin. akwai 18 batura "Bakan'ane" a cikin ƙasa iska tsaro.

Jamus Navy

Rasha sojojin (da Jamus ma) shi ya dade da aka dauke su iko sosai, amma da Jamus suna hankali rasa ƙasa, rike da gubar kawai a wasu sassa. Saboda haka, da Navy Jamus - shi ne mafi m cikin sharuddan kayan aiki da sikẽli. Duk da haka, kafin shi ba fuskantar manyan kalubale, da kuma kayayyakin aiki, samuwa a cikin arsenal isa ya kare a ƙasar, da kuma taimako majiɓinta. A wannan lokaci Bundesmarine taimaka tare da hankali da kuma iko da Baltic Sea.

A irin wannan halin da ake ciki shi ne abin mamaki bane, amma a Jamus - mai iko da kuma ci-gaba Shipbuilding masana'antu, wanda ya fitar da kusan mafi kyau a duniya sojan ruwa makamai - submarines, aiki a kan da man dizal da fari. Wadannan model an rayayye sayo ta India, Girka, Turkey, Koriya ta Kudu, Venezuela. A daidai wannan lokaci Jamus ta mallaka rundunar 'yan kaxan. Number of Jamus sojojin cikin sharuddan fleets - shi ne kawai 4 PL 212 Type 13 frigates iri-iri - daga haihuwa zuwa zamani, shine na gina ƙananan jirage biyu.

Modern jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Sachsen"

Kamar yadda muka ce, da Shipbuilding masana'antu ne quite iko a kasar. Kuma wannan ne, shaidu, misali, gina wani sabon nau'in jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Sachsen". Wannan aikin ya shafi gina hallaka, wanda ya dubi da kuma zane ne a dandali don sojan ruwa da makamai. Shi ne, ba zato ba tsammani, ya bayyana a Jamus a kusa da nan gaba. A rarrabe fasalulluka na wannan fasahar hada da wadannan:

1. The jirgin sanye take da wani a duniya a gun 127 mm, biyu jirage masu saukar ungulu, da biyu daga tubalan baki-116 da kuma 27 mm.
2. Kayan aiki za a supplemented ta yau da kullum RCC "hargi".
3. jirgin ruwa mai filafilai makamai iko za a kashe na musamman sarrafa kansa umurninSa, kuma kula da tsarin wanda kunshi kwamfuta workstations 17, 11 da wani dubawa module, biyu manyan bayanai nuni, da tauraron dan adam sadarwa wasan bidiyo da biyu workstations.

Babban makamai ne har yanzu ba a sani ba, amma mun so mu yi imani da cewa kayan aiki zai zama wani tsanani kuma ma'abutanta da hankali. A Bundesmarine ma ja hankalin masu corvettes, makami mai linzami jirgin, minesweepers, kuma akwai 8 anti-jirgin sama na sojan ruwa jirgin sama. A cewar masana, idan shirya fasahar za a aiwatar a zahiri, da jirgin ruwa mai filafilai za a sanye take da tsarin da zai iya waƙa nan da nan kafin 1000 a raga.

A mafi yawan iko makami na Jamus sojojin

An yi imani da cewa mafi kyau duka a cikin sharuddan na fama shiri daga cikin sojojin a Jamus wani bangare ne na hadin gwiwa da karfi na sosai m amsa na NATO. Ganawa da Bundeswehr umurnin da aka gudanar a shekarar 2014 don tattauna halin da abu da kuma fasaha tushe daga cikin sojojin. Register na cikin mafi iko makamai da aka dogara ne a kan kayan aikin soji. Specific reference aka sanya sulke da motocin, jiragen sama, dakaru fada motocin da Armoured Personnel dako. A wannan yanayin, a taron da aka lura da cewa kusan duk haihuwa-kera makami a tsanani bukatar gyara, kuma wani lokacin rubuta kashe. Wadannan ganawar, ya bayyana cewa Bundeswehr a halin yanzu ba zai iya warware matsalar krupnomashtabnyh a cikin soja filin. Jihar sojoji ne irin wannan cewa raba birged na sojojin Jamus a iya amfani don taimakawa wasu kasashe, sa'an nan zuwa inda soja rikici ne ba da mafi tsanani.

Daga handguns Jamus sojojin bindigogi tsaya a waje, ciki har da maharbi, inji bindigogi, Pistols, protivotaknvyoe makami mai linzami tsarin, roka-propelled da gurneti.

The title na Jamus Army

Insignia Jamus Army dogara ne a kan darajõji su a cikin wannan ƙasar uku - sanda, wadanda ba izini shugabanni da farjõjinsu.

Ranks jami'an kasu kashi generals, babban jami'in da junior sanda.

Non-izini jami'an kasu kashi ba izini jami'an tare da kafada madauri ko ba tare da takobi bel.

Duk da bambance-bambance m, a uniform lapels, huluna da hannayen riga, wanda aka sanya a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban - daidai da muƙamin. Bugu da kari, da kafada madauri ne ma daban-daban daga wadanda amfani a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu.

Hotuna Army a Jamus nuna cewa a gaban mu da ikon da kayayyakin zamani. Masana sun kuma ce cewa tara makamai na kasar ba da fuskantar da mafi kyau na sau. Amma idan ya cancanta, Jamus za ta iya hado da mu jimre wa da abokan gaba, ko da yake ba kamar yadda sauki kamar yadda ya kamata, a gaskiya.

A karshen labarin, 'yan kalmomi game da United Forces jindadin da kiwon lafiya da sabis. A farko yana gangarawa zuwa wani sufeto tare da daraja na mataimakin Sufeto-Janar na Bundeswehr, kuma ta aiki - management, tabbatarwa da kuma horar da sojoji. Karkashin hukumar sufeto kiwon lafiya da sabis ne game da 23 000 mutane.