WANs

A kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa don tabbatar da karfinsu matakan takamaiman nagartacce amfani da cibiyar sadarwa gine-gine, ya kira ladabi. Sun zo a cikin hardware da software. Hardware na'urorin (musaya) suna goyon bayan a kan jiki Layer matsayin, kuma suka yi aiki a data da musamman software goyon baya.

LANs da WANs an tsare ta abin da ladabi da suka yi amfani da. A cibiyar sadarwa kwakwalwa ne, yafi amfani ga guda ya kafa nagartacce dukkan mahalarta haɗin kai da kuma haɗa kwakwalwa gabatarwa, gine-gine, da benaye.

WANs rufe, a matsayin mai mulkin, manyan yankunan. Sun hada duka biyu mutum kwakwalwa da kuma gida yankin networks yin amfani da daban-daban ladabi.

Da ayyukan da wani m al'umma a cikin zamani da yanayi mai yiwuwa ba ne ba tare da hanyar m sadarwar da m musayar bayanai. WANs aka tsara don magance wannan matsalar. Ainihin sharadin aiki na waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa ne da instantaneous watsa bayanai , ko da kuwa da yadda kwakwalwa an cire daga juna.

Global cibiyar sadarwa - wannan shi ne irin wannan cibiyar sadarwa, wanda ya hada da kwakwalwa, dake a cikin sararin yankuna ga wani Unlimited yawan kwamfuta tsarin haɗa da cibiyar sadarwa. A data kudi a cikin cibiyar sadarwa ne m fiye da na gida.

Computer cibiyar sadarwa ladabi

Global cibiyar sadarwa goyon bayan wani TCP / IP, ATM, MPLS, da sauransu. Mafi na kowa yarjejeniya - mai TCP / IP, ciki har da wani sub-yarjejeniya. Yana - subprotocol aikace-aikace, kai, cibiyar sadarwa, mahada da kuma ta jiki.

Mafi shirye-shirye aiki a aikace-aikace matakin da suna da nasu ladabi. Yana - HTTP, WWW, da dai sauransu Ladabi ne alhakin kauda kuma nuna bayanin da ake buƙata.

Transport yarjejeniya tabbatar data bayarwa na musamman da aikace-aikace da za su iya rike su. TCP aka kira.

Cibiyar sadarwa yarjejeniya IP shi ne alhakin samun da kuma aikawa da buƙatun da ƙananan matakin don samun dukan zama dole bayani.

Channel da kuma ta jiki Layer ne ke da alhakin kayyade hanyoyin da watsa bayanai yanayi.

Known duniya networks: misali, WWW (Worldwide Web). A cibiyar sadarwa kunshi sabobin cewa adana bayani zama dole ga masu amfani da kuma mutum kwamfutar da cewa sami bayanai daga uwar garken da kuma load ta zuwa gare su. WWW Network - dace da sauki don amfani.

Global networks hada subnetwork kunshi raba gyara irin yadda sadarwa Lines da kuma sharuddan sauyawa abubuwa. A Lines sadarwa in ba haka ba da aka sani da tashoshi ko hanyõyi, a kan su, data aka koma daga inji to na'ura.

Sauya sheka abubuwa da cewa ana amfani da su gama sadarwa Lines, bauta a matsayin magudanar. Yana - qware kwakwalwa.

WANs kullum dauke da babban yawan tarho da igiyoyi cewa connect biyu daga magudanar.

A na biyu yiwuwar ya danganta tsakanin magudanar ne a rediyo mahada, ta amfani da tauraron dan adam, ko terrestrial repeaters. Kowane na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na da eriya, inda shi ne iya karba da aika siginar. Cibiyar sadarwa magudanar za a iya sauƙi dauka daga tauraron dan adam sakonni, da kuma a wasu lokuta, suna da damar da za su ji da bayanai daukar kwayar cutar a cikin makwabta magudanar cewa aika bayanai zuwa wani tauraron dan adam. A wasu WANs, duk magudanar juna talakawa biyu-aya subnet, wani tauraron dan adam bayar da kawai da wasu daga cikinsu. Tauraron Dan Adam networks ake watsa shirye-shirye da kuma sũ ne mafiya a bukatar duk inda dole don tabbatar da watsa shirye-shirye.