Winter diba: photos, kula da matakan

Turnip asu (Arewa fāri, hunturu tsutsa) - maras ban sha'awa m malam, su ne ainihin m kayan lambu kwaro. Its filin na aiki ne fadi da isa: da matafila wannan kwaro a kawai wani yini iya halakarwa up to 20 tushen amfanin gona beetroot da alkama a kan daya murabba'in mita iya rike 12-14 kofe na rarrafe kwari. Masara, melons, canola, taba, inabi, itace seedlings, sunflower da asali "rauni" - hunturu amfanin gona - ba wani cikakken jerin "dandano fifiko" turnip asu.

Description na turnip asu

Externally, da turnip asu (photos aka gabatar a cikin labarin), alaka da iyali na jemagu, 'yan sananne: gaban fuka-fuki monochromatic launin toka ko yellowish-kasa-kasa, tare da launin ruwan kasa Sikeli, da mai bayyana hoto na sandan-dimbin yawa aibobi da kuma mai gangara duhu makada na haske, a share lissafi domin 30- 46 mm. Hind fuka-fuki a cikin mace grayish, fari maza. jiki tsawon - 18-22 mm. Kai da kuma kirji an rufe tare da kananan kwari hairs, akwai wani karfi dogon proboscis kuma Yunƙurin na gashi a goshinsa. Antennae: tsaye bakin ramin - a mace, tsefe - maza.

mazauninsu hanyar

Yankin ƙasar da baza manyan cokula hunturu - duk da sauyin yanayi yankuna fãce m zone da Far Arewa. Kwaro ayan nuna biyu ƙarnõni na haske, a wajen gefen kudu - uku, a arewa - daya. A adult mataki caterpillars hunturu diba populates rabo a gonakinsa winters a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 30 cm kuma shi ne iya tsira a zazzabi ^na -11 C. A cikin bazara a lõkacin da ƙasa Warming zuwa +10 ^C. kwari ƙaura zuwa saman Layer da pupate. Watan - lokaci ga cikakken ci gaban pupae, halin da m-Brown launi, 20-mm tsawon kuma 2 studs a raya karshen. Butterfly fita daga pupa da underside na shugaban part - ta hanyar da crack. Bayan saki, kwari a karkashin jini a cikin jijiyoyinmu yada fuka-fuki, wanda suke kasa da rabin awa su dace da jirgin.

Lokaci na taro jirgin na butterflies turnip asu

A tsakiyar watan Mayu (a kudancin habitats - daga karshen watan Afrilu) zai fara shekaru malam 1st tsara, wanda yana game da makonni uku, har game da tsakiyar watan Yuli. Daga tsakiyar wannan wata har zuwa farkon fada massively tashi malam na biyu ƙarni.

Active bazara turnip asu butterflies za a iya ƙaddara ta kafa a wata tsawo na 20-25 cm daga ƙasa haske tarko ko ƙullunku da fermenting molasses (molasses kashi + uku rabo na ruwa + 50 grams da lita na ruwa pre-fermented yisti). A tsawon rayuwar da turnip asu malam - 5-25 kwanaki, matsakaicin - 35-40 kwanaki.

A mafi yawan aiki hunturu diba, sarrafa da matakan da bukatar wani m m, a dare. Karfafa shekaru lura a cikin windless dare, a zazzabi na 12 zuwa 15 ° ^C sama sifili.

Rãnar cutarwa kwari boye a karkashin foliage na weeds, tara na bambaro, ƙasa crumbs da sauran mafaka. Kamar yadda wani ƙarin wutar lantarki ga ganiya maturation na qwai, malam cinye flower nectar.

Game da haihuwa turnip asu

Kwai samarwa aka lura a rabi na biyu na watan Agusta, kuma faruwa a kan kayan lambu amfanin gona, daban-daban flowering shuke-shuke, weeds da kuma filayen da cewa an ajiye saboda hunturu. Domin wannan tsari, turnip asu da kyau warmed ance yankunan da low tsirin, saukowa gero, masara, gwoza da sauran kayan lambu ko filin da sako-sako da ƙasa tsarin. Qwai ne hemispherical a siffar, fari da kuma madara, radially Ribbed, diamita na 0.9 mm. Daya mace ne iya cira sama zuwa 1,000 qwai. Haihuwa na turnip asu dogara a kan da iko. Idan akwai wani flowering shuke-shuke, akwai wani m asarar malam. A cewar mai gudana kwarewa, mãtan ba tare da abinci rayu har zuwa kwanaki 10 da kayansa mãsu up to 44 qwai. idan powered flower syrup rayuwa Hasashen ya karu zuwa 22 kwanaki, da kuma yawan qwai - har zuwa 860 guda.

A yankuna da bushe sauyin yanayi, akwai lokatan lokuta na kusan cikakkiyar rashin haihuwa malam. Farko na wani yanayin da moriya ga salla haifuwa na turnip asu.

Turnip asu caterpillars a mataki

A caterpillars aka haife cikin 4-15 kwana da kuma halin da m kai, lafiya fata, jinsin duhu ratsi a tarnaƙi, earthy-m akwati na 40-50 mm a tsawon takwas, nau'i-nau'i daga kafafu (uku jarirai, biyar ciki). Farko, da suka rayu a karkashin ganye rosettes ko a kan su underside da kuma gnaw kananan ramuka. na sama na ba ta shãfe. Har ila yau a wannan lokaci su main abinci ne weeds: sarƙaƙƙiya, quinoa, bindweed. Track by peregryzaniya sa muhimmanci lalacewar seedlings na daban-daban amfanin gona shuka tsaba na auduga da masara. A lokacin da farko da na biyu shekaru, har da lalacewar sa ga shuke-shuke bai zama duniya, shi ne shawarar a gudanar da wani m matakan da sinadaran da nazarin halittu jamiái.

The girma na cũta lalacewa ta hanyar

The uku shekaru na waƙoƙi ne ko da yaushe a saman Layer na kasar gona da kuma ja jiki a sama ne kawai don dalili na gamsarwa yunwa. A lokacin da dare, irin wadannan halaye ne iya lalata har zuwa dozin shuke-shuke da kuma ciyar a kan daban-daban kayan amfanin gona, gero, sugar gwoza, auduga, melons, masara. Yanzu sun gnaw ramuka a cikin ganye, sa'an nan ku ci duk ganye, da barin kawai pivot jannayẽnsa.

farko tsara caterpillars sa lalacewar a watan Yuni da Yuli, sa'an nan kuma nutse a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin 3-10 cm zuwa pupate. The most dalilin lalacewar noma biyu ƙarni caterpillars tareda žata sown iri da kuma seedlings fito hunturu hatsi.

Turnip asu da kuma mayar da martani ga shi

Domin rage yawan hunturu cutworm da kuma rage lahanin sa ta ƙasa na bukatar mai da hankali da kuma dace tsari, musamman directing ayyukan a kan:

• Global sako - cin turnip asu.
• zurfin noma, pre-aiki da kuma Inter-jere hoeing, Yanã halakar da mafi yawan pupae da larvae na kwari kwari.
• na ban ruwa a gonakin noman.
• gudanar da farkon shuka na sunflower, sugar gwoza da sauran amfanin gona, rage harmfulness na ƙarni na farko na kwari.
• daidaituwa na namo filin aiki da lokaci na taro kwai-kwanciya.
• kau na bakin hanya plantings da kuma kusa da al'adu flowering weeds - wannan ma'auni ne da nufin a gagarumin tabarbarewar ikon shebur.

Magance hunturu asu tasiri a lokacin da spraying shuke-shuke, irin sunadarai a matsayin "Fitoverm", "Decis Karin", "Agrovertin". Tare da hunturu cutworms za a iya sarrafawa da wani nazarin halittu tsari: a saki Trichogramma, wanda ake bukata don gudanar da wani a lokacin da taro oviposition.