Yawan yawan yankin Voronezh. Yawan yawan yankin Voronezh

Ƙungiyar Voronezh wani yanki ne da tarihin ban sha'awa da kuma kyakkyawar tasirin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa. Ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaban duk wani wuri shine albarkatun mutane. Tambayar ta fito ne: wane irin yawan al'ummar Voronezh ke ba da zaman lafiya na yankin? Yi la'akari da halaye da halaye na al'ada na mazaunan wannan yanki.

Yanayin gefen yankin Voronezh

Yankin Voronezh yana tsakiyar tsakiyar Gabashin Turai. Yankinsa yana da kilomita 52,000, kuma wannan shi ne wurin 51 a cikin dukan yankuna na Rasha. Yankin yana da wuri mai dacewa, ta hanyar da akwai hanyoyi masu yawa na sufuri suna haɗa yankuna daban-daban na Rasha da wasu ƙasashe. Maƙwabta mafi kusa na yankin Voronezh sune Rostov, Tambov, Saratov, Kursk, Volgograd, Donetsk, yankin Belgorod da Ukraine. Taimakon yankin ya ƙayyade irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar Tsakiyar Tsakiyar Tsakiya ta Tsakiya da Kalach da kuma Oka-Don. Ƙasar da ke cikin ƙasa, tare da yawancin ravines, yawancin yankunan suna shagaltar da yankuna masu baƙar fata. Yankin yana cikin yanki mai yawa da albarkatun ruwa. Babban kogin yankin shi ne Don, har ila yau akwai fiye da tafkin 700 da ƙananan kõguna 1,300. Hanyoyi masu dacewa da rayuwa sun ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa mutane sun fara zama wuri a farkon wuri, suna kula da ƙasar.

Sauyin yanayi

Yankin Voronezh yana cikin wani yanki na yanayi. Yawan zafin jiki na shekara-shekara a yankin shine +5 digiri. Ruwa a yankin yana da dumi, wani lokacin m, a matsakaici, ma'aunin zafi a cikin watanni na rani yana kusa da +20. Gwaji suna da tsawo, tare da kuri'a na dusar ƙanƙara. Yawan zazzabi a wannan lokacin na shekara shine -9 digiri. Ana nuna saurin sauyin yanayi a yankin. Gaba ɗaya, yanayi a Voronezh ya dace daidai da yanayi na kalanda.

Mutanen da ke yankin Voronezh sun dade da yawa sun dace da yanayin a yankin. Dukkan abubuwan da aka lura game da shi an saita su a cikin kwarewar ƙasa ta hanyar maganganu da karɓa. Kodayake yanayi a yankin ba za'a iya kira shi mafi dadi ga rayuwa da aikin noma, har yanzu yana da matukar damuwa. Saboda haka, mutane sun fara rayuwa a nan da daɗewa.

Tarihin yin sulhu

Gidan ajiyar farko na mutane a yankin na zamani na Voronezh, kamar yadda masu binciken ilimin binciken tarihi suka bayyana, sun koma Paleolithic. An yi imanin cewa waɗannan su ne wuraren da aka fi sani da mutane a duk fadin kasar Rasha. Nazarin nazarin halittu ya nuna cewa shekara dubu 37 da suka wuce akwai mutanen Turai.

A cikin Girman Girma akan waɗannan ƙasashe sun kafa wakilai na al'adun Abashev, suna aiki a cikin kiwon dabbobi. A cikin Iron Age, wadannan yankuna suna cikin 'yan Scythians, daga baya an maye gurbin su daga Sarmatians. A karni na 9 a kan ƙasashen Voronezh na zamani ya zo yankunan Slavic. Tun daga lokacin mamaye Tatar-Mongol, akwai wuraren da ake binnewa da kuma wanzuwar tsarin haikalin. Tare da al'adun al'adu da kabilanci na Slavic da al'adun nomadic, an kafa ƙananan ƙananan halitta a nan - Cossacks.

Tun daga karni na 16, tarihin yankin ya rubuta sosai. A shekara ta 1585, an kafa Voronezh a matsayin mafaka domin kare kudancin Moscow. Har zuwa karni na 17, mutanen Tatar sun ci gaba da tsanantawa a kan wadannan ƙasashe, saboda haka mazaunan yankin suna da karfin soji da kuma halin kirki. A lokacin Bitrus mai girma Voronezh ya zama birni na gari, yankin yana da karuwa da yawa. Tun daga karni na 18, yawan mutanen na Voronezh sun ci gaba da karuwa. Yankin ya taka rawar gani a duk yakin Rasha. A yakin duniya na biyu, an yi yakin basasa a wadannan ƙasashe. A shekarar 1957, yankin Voronezh ya sami iyakokinta.

Ƙasashen gudanarwa

A cikin tarihinsa, an riga an keta wannan yanki zuwa wasu ƙalubalen ƙoƙarin gudanarwa. An ba wani ɓangare na ƙasarsa zuwa wasu yankuna, sa'annan ya dawo baya. Tun 2006, yawan mutanen Voronezh suna zaune ne a garuruwan 534. Daga cikin wadannan, 3 su ne gundumomi, 29 su ne garuruwa, 471 ƙauyuka da 31 su ne gundumomi gundumomi.

Yawan yawan mutane

Binciken al'ada na yawan mazauna yankin ya fara a 1897. Makanin ma'aunin ya bambanta, amma sun bada izinin wanda ya ga cewa yawancin al'ummar Voronezh kusan kusan kasancewa cikin kwanciyar hankali. Sai kawai a farkon karni na 19 da 20 ya sami karuwa a yawan mazauna, wannan saboda ba a canzawa a cikin alamomi na alƙaluma ba, amma ga sake rarraba ƙasa tsakanin yankuna. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, saboda dalilai masu dalili, yawan mutane sun ragu da miliyan. A zamanin Soviet akwai sauyawa a lambobi: daga miliyan 2.3 a 1959 zuwa miliyan 2.5 a 1970.

A lokacin lokacin perestroika, an gano kananan canje-canje a yawan mazaunan yankin: game da dubban mutane a cikin bangarori masu kyau da ƙananan. A cikin karni na 21, a yawanci, yawancin yankuna suna raguwa. Sai kawai a shekarar 2010 da 2015 akwai yanayin da ya dace. Yau yawan mutanen Voronezh na mutane miliyan biyu ne 333.

Haɗin kabilanci da harshe

Babban asalin mazauna yankin shine Rasha. A cewar kididdigar yawan mutane na shekarar 2010, kashi 90 cikin dari na mutanen da suka yi la'akari da kansu suna zaune a yankin. An rarraba adadin sauran kabilu kamar haka: Ukrainians - kimanin 2%, Armenians - 0.4%, Uzbeks da Tajiks cikin adadin 0.15%, sauran ƙasashe - kasa da 1% kowane. Duk da cewa mafi yawan mazaunan yankin suna kira kansu 'yan Rasha, akwai babbar tasiri na kasar Ukrainian a cikin harshen, halin halayen gine-gine da al'adu. Wannan yanki shine wurin kafa wani reshe na musamman na kudancin mutanen Rasha. Wani muhimmiyar rawa a wannan aikin shi ne al'adun Cossacks, wanda ke nuna al'adun Rasha da Ukrainian. Wani lokaci da suka wuce an kara karuwar yawan mutanen da suka fito daga yankin tsakiyar Asiya a yankin, amma a yau wadannan matakan ba su da tasirin gaske a kan kabilancin kabilanci. Duk da haka, da hijirarsa riba a high isa, shi ne 13 dubu mutane a kowace shekara.

Yawan yawan jama'a

Yawancin mazauna yankin suna zaune a birane, kuma yanayin da ake ci gaba da ci gaba da biranen ya ci gaba. A yau, kashi 67 cikin dari na mutanen da ke cikin wannan tarayya suna zaune a garuruwa. Idan mun kiyasta biranen Voronezh da yawancin jama'a, to, mafi girma shine babban birnin - yana da kusan mutane miliyan 1. Sauran birnin ya fi ƙanƙanta a cikin yawan jama'a. A cikin yankunan ƙauyuka guda uku, waɗanda ke gida zuwa fiye da mutane dubu 50: Rossosh, Liski da Borisoglebsk. Daga 20 zuwa 35,000 mazaunan rubuta a cikin bakwai birane. Wadannan ƙauyuka suna girma sosai, suna jawo mazauna daga kauyuka mafi kusa. Saboda haka, yawan mutanen Pavlovsk Voronezh da yawan mutane 25 da ke cikin shekara suna tsiro da mutane fiye da 500. A cikin yankin akwai jinkirin raguwa a yankunan karkara.

Density na yawan

Voronezh yankin, da talakawan yawan yawa ne 44.7 mutane da murabba'in kilomita, yana daukan kan filaye na 21-th wuri a Rasha. Wannan lamari ne mai kyau, musamman idan muka yi la'akari da cewa mutane sun fi rayuwa a kananan garuruwa har zuwa mutane dubu 20. Girman yawan mutane na yankin Voronezh ya bayyana ta yawan adadin ƙauyuka da kuma sharaɗɗa mai kyau don rayuwa.

Yanayin jinsi na yawan jama'a

Rarraba yawan jama'a ta hanyar jima'i a cikin yankin Voronezh kamar haka: yawan mata yana da matsakaicin maza fiye da maza dubu 200. A lokacin haihuwar, rabo daga namiji zuwa jariri jariri shine 1.2. Kuma tun zuwa shekarun ritaya, wannan alamar yana canzawa a gaba daya zuwa 1.5. Halin da ake yi wa mata, halayyar ƙasar duka, a yankin yana ci gaba da girma, kimanin 0.1% kowace shekara.

Yanayin shekaru na yawan jama'a

Yawancin shekarun mutane na yankin shine kamar haka:

• Yawan mazauna mazauna shekaru 15 zuwa 330,000;
• Jama'a marasa lafiya - miliyan daya da dubu 375;
• Yawancin mutane a kan shekarun shekarun su dubu 626 ne.

Irin bambancin shekarun nan yana ba da shawarar cewa kowane mazaunin yankin zai samar da wasu mutane 0.8, sai dai kansa, wanda shine babban alamar nuna nauyin alƙaluma.

Yanayin halin mutum

Lafiyar ita ce mafi muhimmanci mahimmanci don tantance bunkasar tattalin arziki na yankin. A cikin yankin Voronezh mutane 11 ne a kowace mazauna. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wannan alamar ta kara ƙaruwa, ta hanyar mutane 0.2 a kowace shekara. Amma ya kamata a fahimci girma a cikin haihuwar haihuwa. Madawwami, a akasin wannan, ya nuna ci gaban ci gaban, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan kimanin mutane 15.7 sun mutu. Ga kowane mutum dubu. Kodayake yawan mutuwar mutum na tsawon lokaci yana inganta. Yawan mutuwar ya rage shekaru 10 da mutane 3 a kowace shekara. Amma yayin da mace-mace ke cike da haihuwa. A lokaci guda kuma, yawancin biranen yankin Voronezh yana da ƙananan haihuwa da kuma yawan mace-mace, kuma girma a cikin birane ya faru kawai ta hanyar hijirar.

Rayuwar rayuwa, wani alama ce ta zamantakewa da zamantakewar tattalin arziki na yankin, yana girma a yankin Voronezh. Ya kai 70.1 shekara, ga maza - 64.7, ga mata - 77.1. A cewar wannan alamar, yankin Voronezh yana da shekaru 25 a Rasha, wanda yake da kyau.

Yin amfani da yawan jama'a

An tabbatar da zaman lafiya na jama'a ta hanyar bunkasa tattalin arziki da ingantaccen aiki. A cikin yankin Voronezh, rashin aikin yi yana fadowa kuma aikin yana karuwa. Matsayi na rashin aikin yi na 4.4%, wanda ya fi girma a yankuna makwabta.

A yankin akwai aikin yi na mazauna ga aikin gona, masana'antu da kuma masana'antu.