2nd Belorussian Front: Kwamandan, abun da ke ciki, yaƙi your hanya

A karshe mataki na Great Patriotic War, a lokacin da Soviet sojojin sun kame daga Jamus da dukan ƙasar da RSFSR aka kafa 2nd Belorussian Front. Akwai biyu na samuwar kungiyar, wanda ya hada da dama sojojin.

A farko samuwar

A Fabrairu 17, an yanke shawarar samar da 2nd Belorussian Front a Koli umurninSa. da kisan da umurninMu ya faru a ranar 24 Fabrairu. A sabon gaban shiga Army (47 th, 61 th, 70 th), wanda sarrafa a cikin Polesie - a yankin kan iyaka tsakanin Belarus da kuma Ukraine. A nan, da Jamus kiyaye dabarun amfani, duk da gagarumin shan kashi a gabas. Wehrmacht sojoji gudanar muhimmanci biranen da za su kwato da cewa ba haka ba ne mai sauki. Saboda gaskiya cewa dabarun himma a cikin yaki tabbatacce mayar da su cikin tarayyar Soviet, Stalin bukaci iyakar hanzari na m, ya zama na farko a Jamus kama Berlin. Duk da haka, kafin ka kafa kafar a Jamus gona, da Soviet sojojin ya wuce ba kawai Belarus amma kuma Poland.

2nd Belorussian Front karkashin jagorancin Kanar-Janar Pavel Kurochkin. Chief of Staff zama Laftanar Janar Vladimir Kolpakchi. Wadannan mutane jagoranci Polesskaya m aiki, wanda dade daga Maris 15 zuwa 5 ga watan Afrilu, 1944. Babban maƙasudin na Soviet sojojin a cikin wannan yankin da aka birnin Kovel. Har ila yau a cikin layi daya ci gaba da yaki a cikin shugabanci na da Pripyat River.

Baya daga Kovel

Akwai ƙungiyoyin Jamus kungiyoyin "Center" da kuma "ta Kudu". A cewar shi duniya duka aka buga, da kuma Soviet sojojin taƙaice gudanar ya toshe Kovel, wanda duk da haka ba su daina. Bugu da kari, da Wehrmacht ja har reserves da suke da Jamus a raya. 2nd Belorussian Front stalled. Ba da da ewa ta zama m rashin ikon, wanda Soviet umurnin da kome rama. A dalilin sa a gaskiyar cewa rates nace a kan wani speedy hari, ko da kuwa Jihar adam albarkatun. Sojoji da suke a gaba, ba su bar shi ga mutane da yawa watanni, da kuma da yawa sun shũɗe a Maris na daruruwan kilomita.

Saboda duk wadannan dalilai da gaban kasa yi ta babban aiki - yantar Kovel. Duk da haka, mai kyau tushe don nan gaba da aka sanya. Jamusawa kontrnastupat shi ma kome ba, don haka da cewa don wani lokaci da yaki ya zama positional. 5 ga watan Afrilu da aka wargaza rundunar 2nd Belorussian Front. Kwamandan Pavel Kurochkin samu wani sabon manufa.

Belorussian aiki

Duk da haka, kawai 'yan makonni daga baya, a kan Afrilu 24, 2nd Belorussian Front aka kafa sãbuwa. Na biyu samuwar dade har zuwa karshen yaki da aka wargaza a watan Yuni na shekarar 1945. A shekara kafin aiki kafa a gabansa ya karshe yantad da Belarus.

A watan Mayu, da gaban sojojin jagoranci positional fadace-fadace, jiran umarni ga wani sabon m. Yana fara a Yuni 23, a lokacin da oda je gaba ya kuma ba da wasu kungiyoyin. Shi ne mai shirya hari na Soviet sojojin, wadda aka sake tsarafa bayan da spring lull kuma sun kasance a shirye sake je gaba a bin mãsu bãyar da bãya Jamus sojoji.

A Byelorussian aiki ya samu halartar ba kawai 2nd Belorussian Front, amma kuma 1st Baltic (kwamandan - Ivan Bagramyan), 3rd Belorussian (kwamandan - Ivan Chernyakhovsky), 1st Belorussian (Konstantin Rokossovsky). A farkon ayyukan na Soviet sojojin da aka fiye da miliyan shida mutane, dubban tankuna da manyan bindigogi guda.

Mogilev laifi

A kan Hauwa'u na sabon Janar ya jagoranci 2nd Byelorussian Front. Kwamandan Ivan Petrov samu dama Runduna, ciki har da 50th da 4th Air Force.

A marigayi Yuni, wani dabarun ƙungiya halarci Mogilev aiki. A lokacin da ta kawai a mako aka karya makiya matsayi, ya haye Dnieper River da kuma Pronya. Su aka saki irin wannan muhimmanci birane kamar yadda Mogilev, kuma Bykhov Shklov. Army Group "Center" ya samu babba rata, wanda ya zama ta Achilles diddige. A kan hanyar da 2nd Byelorussian Front ya 12th dakaru Division na Jamus, wanda aka hallaka. Har ila yau a lokacin harin kashe wani sanannen kwamandan wani tanki kungiyar soja na kasar Austria Robert Martinelli.

A lokaci guda, Kanar-Janar cafe Fedorovich Zaharov jagoranci 2nd Belorussian Front. Fada hanyar wannan samuwar shige ta hanyar m fadama a wadda ta kasance tukuru domin yaki da Jamus da kuma Soviet talakawa.

Bialystok aiki

Ba da da ewa, da gaban sojojin dauki bangare a cikin Bialystok aiki da cewa shi ne wani ɓangare na Belorussian aiki. A sabon m ya fara a kan Yuli 5 da kuma ƙare ranar 27 ga watan Yuli. A lokacin rani kashi na gaban mu yi aiki kafada da kafada da sojojin na matasa Janar Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovsky, wanda takaici, ya mutu a Gabas Prussia a karshe watanni na yaki.

24 Yuli karshe an saki da Belarushiyanci birnin Grodno. Gaba - da kan iyaka da Poland. Yana da aka kan daruruwan kilomita, wanda mallakan da 2nd Belorussian Front. A abun da ke ciki na sojojin a kai a kai updated tare da sabon mayakan da suka zo daga baya, warkar da su raunuka ko graduating kara horo ga sojoji. Belarus da aka barrantar da Wehrmacht.

Yuli 27th Soviet Army shiga Bialystok. Da shi shi ne na farko da manyan da muhimmanci Polish birni, wanda aka yi watsi da Jamusanci invaders, wanda ya zo nan a farkon yakin duniya na biyu, a shekara ta 1939. Bialystok aiki ya ƙare kuma sakewa Belostok C.

Gabas Prussian aiki

A watan Nuwamba, shugaban gaban da aka sanya Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky. A marigayi rani da kuma ta hanyar da fall, Soviet sojojin sake tsiwirwirinsu ƙarfi domin yin nasara a Poland. Bugu da kari, da gaban da aka Gabas Prussia - Jamus marasa cigaban tattalin arziki, wanda aka administratively riga mallakar Uku Reich. Akwai wani muhimmin gari na Koenigsberg, kazalika da "Wolf ta Lair" - da babban kudi na Adolf Hitler, wanda ya jagoranci kai hari a kan Tarayyar Soviet, yayin da halin da ake ciki a yankin ba ya zama quite dismal ga Wehrmacht.

Janairu 13, fara Gabas Prussian aiki, wanda ya samu halartar da 2nd Belorussian Front. List of mahalarta na yaki ne don haka mai girma cewa ba shi yiwuwa a kai. sunayen da haruffa kiyaye Siyasa takardun. A farkon shekarar 1945, game da miliyan 1.6 mutanen da suka sashi a cikin aiki.

Idan 3rd Belorussian Front koma zuwa ga Konigsberg, da 2nd tafi Marienburg (Malbork zamani Poland). Su concerted mataki ya kamata kai ga encirclement na dukan na Gabas Prussian ra'ayoyi na Wehrmacht. Domin mafi part da shi shi ne ma'aikatan na "Center" (a cikin Janairu sake masa suna da "Arewa") na Army Group.

Mlavsko-aiki Elbingskaya

Janairu 26 Soviet sojojin na zuwa da 2nd Byelorussian Front, ya zo da bankunan na da Vistula kogin. A cikin shekaru biyu makonni, Soviet sojojin samu nasarar kammala Mlavsko Elbingskuyu-aiki. An kuma kama wani muhimmin qafafunku a cikin kusanci na garin Bromberg. A karshe fadi Marienburg, kyale ra'ayoyi sojojin for wani m, a Pomerania. A Masurian Lake District aka kewaye da ci 2nd Wehrmacht Army. Har ila yau, mugun lalace 4th Army.

Gabas Pomeranian laifi

Daga Fabrairu 10 zuwa 4 ga Afrilu, ci gaba Gabas Pomeranian laifi, wanda ya samu halartar da 2nd Byelorussian Front. 1945 Ya yi muku wa'adi da zama da nasara, amma har yanzu akwai kasance arewacin Polish lardin, kazalika da Berlin.

A lokacin farko da kwanaki goma na m Soviet sojojin gudanar ya ci gaba kawai 40 kilomita. Saboda nauyi asarar da kuma rashin iyawa ga kara gaba aiki da aka dakatar a taƙaice. Fabrairu 24 ya koma zuwa gaban 19th Army da 2nd Shock Army. Su burin da aka birnin Keslin (zamani Koszalin). Jamus tsayayya taurin, da sanin cewa ritaya da kuma manyan akwai babu inda kuma.

A lokaci guda, 1st Belorussian Front koma taimaka Rokossovskogo kungiyar. Hadewa mataki da jam'iyyun biyu a yarda ya karya da tsaro na Jamus sojojin. Yana da aka yanka a cikin da dama karami kungiyoyin, wanda kowannensu yana da, ko bãyar da bãya, ko wasu. Maris 5, Soviet sojojin isa bakin tekun na Baltic Sea. A karshen watan ne wani muhimmin tashar jiragen ruwa na Danzig (Gdansk) aka kama. Gabas Pomeranian aiki da aka kammala cikin nasara. A babban rawa a wannan nasara, buga na biyu Byelorussian Front. Abun da ke ciki aka bayar daban-daban lambar yabo da umarni. Jama'a da dama na mutane da aka bayar da muƙamin Hero na Tarayyar Soviet.

Berlin aiki

Gaba kasance wani hukunci yaƙi, ko da yake sakamakon yakin da aka riga bayyana a dukkan jam'iyyun. A tambaya shi ne kawai wanda ya kasance na farko da ya sauka a Berlin - Soviet Army ko Yammacin majiɓinta. Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin ya so ya ba Churchill da Roosevelt. Daga dukan shugabannin sojoji, ya bukaci a kowane farashi mataki a gaba, ko da kuwa da yawan matattu. Human hadayu sun zama musamman yawa.

Duk da haka, gaban da aka inganta. Berlin aiki ya fara ranar Afrilu 16th. Da farko an kara gabaci, wanda abu ne na halitta iyaka tsakanin Poland da Jamus. A Soviet sojojin koma a unison da tazarar kilomita 200, sweeping tafi sauran rundunar Jamus. A Nasara Day, May 9, 19th Army dauki bangare a cikin saukowa a kan Danish tsibirin Bornholm. A general, da 2nd Belorussian Front rufe ayyuka na sauran raka'a, wanda aka kai tsaye shiga a Berlin.

darajar

The sojojin na da 2nd Byelorussian Front a lokacin da shekara ta zama ba, 'yanci da dukan Belarus. Suka yi yaƙi kashe Jamus a arewacin Poland, ya zama babban taimako ga mutanen dake wurin a cikin gwagwarmaya da invaders. A karshe, sojoji, ƙofar gaban, ya dauki bangare a cikin Battle of Berlin. A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1945 da gaban da aka canza kama zuwa cikin Arewacin Group of Forces, da ke cikin Jamus da Tarayyar Soviet.