A nuclear NPP bala'i Afrilu 26, 1986

Afrilu 26, 1986 ... Wannan kwanan za a tuna da al'ummomi na Ukrainians, Belarusians da Russia a matsayin ranar da shekara, a lokacin da akwai wani m mutum-sa hatsari. A lokacin da duk wannan ya faru, watakila, har ma ya fi dandana masana a cike da kuma ba da cikakken sani game da abin da dukan mu jira daga baya.

Bala'i Afrilu 26, 1986 ya haifar da dubban rayuka da cuta infested gandun daji, guba da ruwa da kuma ƙasa, maye gurbi na shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Daga cikin abubuwan, a kan taswirar Ukraine bayyana talatin da kilometer wariya zone, tafiya zuwa karkarar wanda mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da wani musamman authorizing takardun.

Wannan labarin da nufin ba kawai don tabbatar da cewa sake tunatar da masu karatu abin da ya faru Afrilu 26, 1986, amma dubi abin da ya faru, kamar yadda suka faɗa, daga daban-daban bangarorin. Yanzu, ga alama, yana da ba wani asirin da cewa a yau duniya, duk da waɗanda suke mafi kuma mafi suke son biya kudi mai yawa ga wani abu je a kan wani rangadi zuwa wadannan wurare, da kuma wasu daga cikin tsohon mazauna ba kama a cikin wasu yankuna sau da yawa kõmãwa zuwa ga fatalwa kuma fatalwa garuruwa.

Takaitaccen bayani na events

Kusan shekaru 30 da suka wuce, wato 26 Afrilu 1986, a cikin abin da yake a yanzu Ukraine ta faru shi ne mafi girma nukiliya hatsari a duniya, sakamakon wanda ji duniya da kuma ga lokaci.

A ikon shuka a chernobye fashe makaman nukiliya reactor na hudu ikon naúrar. The iska da aka fitad da a lokaci guda wata babbar adadin m rediyoaktif abubuwa.

An yanzu kiyasta cewa kawai a farkon watanni uku, ya fara daga 26 ga watan Afrilu, 1986, kawai a kan site 31 suka mutu daga radiation daukan hotuna. Daga baya, 134 aka aiko zuwa na musamman asibitin ga m magani daga radiation cuta, da kuma 80 more a zafi mutu daga kamuwa da cuta daga cikin fata, jini da kuma na numfashi fili.

Nuclear nukiliya Power Plant (1986, 26 Afrilu da kuma a cikin wadannan kwanaki), fiye da kullum a bukatar aiki hannuwanku. A tsiyacewa na da hadarin ya samu halartar fiye da 600 mutane dubu, mafi yawansu sojoji.

Zai yiwu mafi hatsari sakamakon wannan hadarin wata babbar saki a cikin yanayi na m rediyoaktif abubuwa, wato isotopes na plutonium, uranium, aidin, cesium, strontium da rediyoaktif ƙura kanta. Radiation plume ba kawai rufe babban ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet, amma kuma a Gabashin Turai da kasashen Nordic, kuma amma mafi yawan nuclear bala'i na 26 Afrilu 1986 ya shafi Belarushiyanci kuma Ukrainian SSR.

Binciken musabbabin hadarin ya daukan mai yawa na kasa da kasa masana, amma har ma a yanzu babu wanda ya san da gaskiya Sanadin da aukuwar lamarin.

A fannin rarraba

Bayan da hatsari, a kusa da nuclear ya gane abin da ake kira "matattu" sashi na 30 km. Daruruwan ƙauyuka an halaka kusan zuwa ƙasa ko binne a karkashin ton na duniya, tare da taimakon nauyi kayan aiki. Idan muka yi la'akari da fanni na noma, shi ne hadari a ce cewa Ukraine a lokacin da ya rasa biyar kadada miliyan tati.

A reactor na hudu ikon kafin gazawar ya kusan 190 ton na man fetur, 30% na abin da yake a cikin fashewar saki ga muhalli. Bugu da kari, yayin da a cikin aiki zamani zauna daban-daban rediyoaktif isotopes tara a lokacin aiki. Su, a cewar masana, da kuma mai hatsari.

Fiye da 200 000 sq. km kewaye ƙasar da aka gurbata da radiation. Mutuwa radiation da aka yada kamar aerosol hankali ya magance a farfajiya. Gurbacewar yankunan yayin da sun fi mayar dogara a kan iska shugabanci. Wuya hit ne yankuna a cikin abin da 26 Afrilu 1986 da kuma na gaba 'yan makonni, mai shawa ruwan sama.

Wane ne ya zargi ga abin da ya faru?

A watan Afrilu 1987 a chernobye, da aka gudanar a ji. Daya daga cikin manyan mãsu laifi na nukiliya hatsari a chernobye aka yi furuci tashar darektan, a wasu B. Bryuhanov wanda da farko watsi da firamare dokoki na aminci. Daga bisani, mutumin da gangan understated data a kan matakin radiation, ba sa a wurin da wani shirin fitarwa na ma'aikata da al'umma.

gaskiyar na babban sakaci na aikin hukuma aikinsu ma a cikin tsari da aka bude Afrilu 26, 1986 by babban injiniya na nuclear Fomin da mataimakinsa A. Dyatlov. Dukan su da aka yankewa hukuncin shekaru 10 a kurkuku.

Ga wani shekaru biyar da aka daure kai na sosai motsi a cikin abin da hadarin ya faru ne (B. Rogozhkin), da uku - Kovalenko, da mataimakinsa, da kuma biyu - Yu Laushkin, jihar sufeto Gosatomenergonadzor.

A duban farko shi iya ze cewa shi ne quite m, amma idan duk wadannan mutane sun kasance hankali sosai a cikin aikin a kan irin wannan m kamfani, kamar yadda chernobyl masifa Afrilu 26, 1986 ne mai wuya to faruwa.

Gargadi da fitarwa na yawan

Hukumar na masana ya ce bayan da hatsari, abu na farko da ya kamata nan da nan fitad da yawan jama'a, amma ba wanda ya dauki alhakin kai da zama dole yanke shawara. Ya sa'an nan kuma akasin haka, mutum rayuwar iya zama a cikin dubun ko ma daruruwan sau karami.

A yi, shi ya juya waje cewa mutane duk rana bai san wani abu game da abin da ya faru. Afrilu 26, 1986 wanda ya yi aiki a kan mãkirci, wani shirya birnin ga mai zuwa May holidays, kindergarten yara tafiya a kan titi, da kuma dalibai, kamar yadda idan babu abin da ya faru, tafiyar da wasan motsa jiki a bude, suka zaci iska.

Aiki a kan kau na yawan kawai fara da dare a lokacin da hukuma zo umurci shirya domin fitarwa. Afrilu 27 da aka sanar da umarnin a cika fitarwa na gari, da ranar 14.00.

Tun chernobyl masifa Afrilu 26, 1986, wadda hana gida dubban Ukrainians suka juya wani suna fadin tauraron dan adam garin Pripyat a cikin m specter na wani fatattakakkun gidaje, watsi Parks da gidãjen Aljanna, kuma matattu, tituna,.

Tsoro da tsokanar

Lokacin na farko da jita-jita game da hadarin, da wasu mutane ya yanke shawarar barin garin kadai. Riga Afrilu 26, 1986, ta na biyu da rabi na rana, da yawa mata tsoro da fargaba, tsince a hannun jarirai, a zahiri gudu sauka a hanya su nesa da birnin.

Duk wani abu, amma yana aikata haka ta cikin gandun daji, gurbatawa kashi wanda shi ne ainihin yawa sau fi duk inganci Manuniya. A hanya ... A cewar shaidun kwalta shafi haskaka wani bakon Neon inuwa, ko da yake ya yi kokarin yalwa zuba ruwa gauraye da wasu unknown sauki layman fari bayani.

Yana da matukar takaici ne cewa tsanani yanke shawara a kan ceto da kuma fitarwa da aka ba a dauka a lokacin.

Kuma a karshe, kawai 'yan shekaru da ya bayyana da cewa Tarayyar Soviet ta asiri sabis sun sane da workpiece uku ton na nama da goma sha biyar ton na man fetur a yankunan da kai tsaye shãfe nuclear bala'i na 26 Afrilu 1986. Duk da wannan, sun yanke shawarar maimaita rediyoaktif kayayyakin, ya kara da mun gwada m gyara a gare su. A daidai da wannan shawara, shi ne rediyoaktif nama da kuma man shanu aka razvezeno yawa manyan Mills na kasar.

KGB kuma ya sani cewa a cikin shiri na nuclear amfani da m kayan aiki daga {asar Yugoslavia, kuma aka saba da daban daban iri kasawa a cikin zane na tashar, da cuta daga cikin tushe da kuma gaban fasa a cikin ganuwar ...

Mene ne abin da aka yi? Ƙoƙarin hana wani ma fi girma baƙin ciki

Game da rabi na dare na biyu a garin nuclear (1986, Afrilu 26) zuwa gida wuta sashen samu wani rahoto na wata wuta. The wajibi matsara ya bar kira da kuma kusan nan da nan watsa wata wuta sigina na high mawuyaci.

Da isata, musamman tawagar gan cewa rufin aka kona na'ura dakin da wata babbar reactor zauren. Af, to date, shi gano cewa, ta hanyar sa cewa mummunan wuta mutane suna yin daidai da reactor zauren mafi wuya ya buga.

Kawai 6 karfe da safe da wuta ne gaba daya sõmammu.

Overall, 14 motocin da 69 da ma'aikata da hannu. Daga overalls mutane don gudanar da irin wannan muhimmanci manufa, muna da kawai wani zane overalls, kwalkwali da kuma safar hannu. Men sa fitar da wuta ba tare da masks, kamar yadda aiki a su ne kawai ba zai yiwu ba a high yanayin zafi.

Riga at biyu da safe akwai aka farko shafi da radiation. Mutane suka fara amai da kuma janar wani rauni, kazalika da ya lura da abin da ake kira "nukiliya tan." An ce wasu da safar hannu cire da kuma fata.

Matsananciyar kashe gobara sun yi duk abin da zai yiwu a hana wuta don samun zuwa uku naúrar a nan gaba. Staff tsunduma a cikin wannan tashar, extinguishing gida kafofin a daban-daban da dakuna, da kuma tashar da ya dauka matakan hana hydrogen fashewa. Wadannan ayyuka taimaka wajen hana wani ma fi girma mutum ya bala'i.

Halittu aqibar dukan 'yan adam

Ionizing radiation yana da wani detrimental nazarin halittu effects a lamba tare da duk rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

Radiative watsi gubar zuwa ga halaka nazarin halittu al'amari, maye gurbi, sashin jiki nama Tsarin canza. Irin wannan sakawa a iska mai guba da inganta harkokin ci gaban da daban-daban irin ciwon daji cututtuka, radiation amai, rushewa daga m jikin ayyuka, canji da Lalacewar DNA da sakamakon a mutuwa.

Tsarki gari kira Pripyat

A na gaba 'yan shekaru bayan da wani mutum da aka yi da bala'i da gari ya taso da amfani da daban-daban iri iri na kwararru. Su massively zo nan, kokarin gwada da kuma nazarin matakin na baya radiation gurbata yankin.

Duk da haka, a cikin 90s. Pripyat fara jawo hankalin more hankali daga masana kimiyya sha'awar muhalli canje-canje a cikin yanayi, kazalika da al'amurran da suka shafi na canji na halitta yanki na birnin, an bar ba tare da mutum tasiri.

Mutane da yawa Ukrainian cibiyoyin bincike da za'ayi wani kima a cikin canje-canje a cikin Flora da fauna.

Stalkers nuclear zone

Da farko shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa stalkers kira mutane da ƙugiya, ko da crook to shiga cikin ƙuntata zone. Nuclear kuma masoya na matsananci wasanni kasu kashi biyu Categories, abin da ya bambanta a cikin bayyanar, amfani da irin harshe na dabam, da hotuna da shirya rahotanni. A farko - cikin m, na biyu - akida.

Yarda, shi ne a yanzu a kafofin watsa labarai ne da gaske zai yiwu a sami mai yawa bayanai a kan topic: "nuclear. 1986. Afrilu 26 ". M stalkers daga can kuma samu da ilmi game da radiation zone. A muhimmiyar rawa aka taka leda da kuma kwamfuta da wasannin. Wadannan matasa, wanda talakawan shekaru ne da wuya fiye da shekaru 20, a mafi yawan lokuta kawai tsinkãyi wariya zone, amma ba ƙetare kan iyaka da kanta nuclear. Wannan inda kasada ƙare.

Sinfi na biyu - na musamman da akida stalkers. Suna samun zurfi, ba kawai a cikin 30-kilometer zone, amma 10-kilometer, da kuma rayuwa a can 'yan kwanaki. Yana da wuya a bayyana abin da motsa mutane kamar cewa, amma ga alama ya zama musu da hanyarsu na magana. Abin dogara bayani game da abin da size da wannan rukuni na stalkers, babu, amma ga m kimomi da babu fiye da 20, da kuma "game" shi ne yafi hakan.

Modern mazaunan nuclear

A gagarumin ɓangare na kwashe yawan jama'a, duk da ban da kuma hane-hane, wasu lokaci daga baya har yanzu kuma ya zo. Daga wani ɗari da dubu mutane sun koma gida fitar dashi game da 1200, amma ta 2007 akwai kawai 314. Ku kira su squatters. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, mazan mutane, da kuma babban dalilin da kaifi raguwa a yawan su an dauke su na shekaru. Me ya sa mutane su koma gidajensu gurbata da radiation? Cikin manyan dalilan da wannan hukunci da aka mai tsanani tattalin arziki da rikicin a kasar, fadowa albashi na yawan da rashin so jefa gidajensu.

A kara rabo na da ikon shuka

Bayan da hadarin a watan Afrilu 1986, duk nukiliya aikin da aka tsaya, amma a watan Oktoba, bayan da shiri na sarcophagus da za'ayi tsaftacewa aiki, raka'a biyu aiki a sake, kuma a watan Disamba 1987 kaddamar da wani na uku.

A 1995, da Ukraine, da Tarayyar Turai da kuma kasashen da Group of Bakwai sun sanya hannu a yarjejeniyar a karkashin abin da shirin ya fara cikakken ƙulli daga nuclear nukiliya ikon shuka cewa ya kamata ya yi da shekara 2000. A watan Disamba, 2000, da uku block na nuclear karshe an tsaya.

A ranar, da sarcophagus gina a kan kona tashar naúrar, sannu a hankali hallaka. EBRD a 2004 da aka haka aka gudanar da wani m domin gina wani sabon tsari, ya lashe Faransa hadin gwiwa a shekara ta 2007.

A 2015, da nuclear nukiliya ikon shuka sun karshe daina ta aiki.