A tarihin wasan volleyball. A tarihin fitowan da kuma ci gaban wasan kwallon raga

Har farkon 1930 da duniya fagen fama volleyball saka manta da wani ɓangare na dama da kuma hutu. Tarihi bayyanar wasan, "volleyball" a kan daban-daban nahiyoyi dabam domin daban-daban dokokin zama a sassa daban-daban na duniya. Duk da haka, na kasa wasan da aka buga a cikin kasashen da dama (misali, a Gabashin Turai, inda matakin ya high isa). Saboda haka, wasan kwallon raga ƙara zama m wasanni, halin high jiki da kuma fasaha ayyukan. Ta yaya shi duka ya fara?

Uba na volleyball, William G. Morgan

Magabacin yau rare game aka haife shi a 1870 a birnin Lockport New York, inda ya ciyar da yara shekaru, halartar jama'a makaranta da kuma aiki a kan mahaifinsa jirgin ruwan a bakin tsohon Erie Canal. A 1891, rabo kawo matasa Morgan James A. Naismith, wanda aka qaddara domin ya zama magabacin kwando. Bayan kammala karatu daga fage makaranta a Northfield, Morgan ya ci gaba da ilimi a International Sun Men ta Christian Association (YMCA), da Springfield (yanzu Springfield College). A Springfield matasan, honing mai kira basira, ya halarci wani ɓangare daga cikin shahararrun kwaleji kwallon kafa tawagar a karkashin shugabanci na A. Alonzo Stagg, daya daga cikin "Grand Masters na kwallon kafa." A 1894, bayan kammala karatu daga makarantar sakandare, Morgan amince da su da tsari na Darektan jam'iyya da kuma soma wani irin matsayi kocin a Holyoke Massachusetts. Yana shine labarin volleyball da aka dage farawa a wannan lokaci. A takaice muna iya cewa shi ne godiya ga James A. Naismith, Morgan samu damar ƙone su star a kan wasanni filin.

A wasan domin mutane na magidanci?

A 1895, kafin darektan William. G. Morgan rudanin: wasanni basira da horon a zama dole adadin ya kamata sami mutane na kowane zamani, amma sabon-same wasan na} wallon kwando ya zama mashahuri ne kawai a yara. shi ya ma wuya ga na gida kasuwa na magidanci, kamar yadda ya dauki up makamashi mai yawa da ake ba a yarda ya shakata. Kafin Morgan ya matsala - kana bukatar ka fito da irin wannan aikin, a cikin abin da za ka iya yi wasa tare da yardarsa da kuma bayan aikin da a lokacin abincin rana hutu. Kamar yadda aka ayyana sanarwa na matsalar kanta Morgan: "Wasan ya zama mai karfi wasa lokacinta, amma ba tare da m jiki lamba."

Sa'an nan, ya yanke shawarar kirkiro symbiosis na wasanni da yawa samu mafi alhẽri, kuma suka aikata wani abu sabon; Wannan ita ce hanya ta ci gaban shige tarihi na wasan. Wasan kwallon raga kwando ya hada abubuwa (ball), tanis (raga), Handball (ta amfani da manual feed da ball daga nesa), baseball (innings ra'ayi). All basira nasarar aiwatuwa a cikin "mintonet" game kamar yadda idan aka kira da mahalicci. Kuma ko da yake da farko game ikirari da aka bai cika ba, duk da haka shi tabbatar da quite nasara, ya lashe sauraro a wasanni taro YMCA of Directors, da aka gudanar a Springfield.

A tarihin abin da ya faru na volleyball yana da shi cewa a wannan taro, Dr. Alfred Halstead, Farfesa Sprinfildskogo College, ya miƙa a matsayin title wasan da kalmar "volleyball".

Kwaskwarima da kuma bita daga cikin dokoki

A babba yawan canje-canje a baya tarihi na volleyball wasan zuwa sauko mana a irin wannan hanya, kamar yadda muka san shi a yau. Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, na farko, canza ainihin sunan wasan. Yarda, zai zama da wuya su yi tunanin Karch Kiraly (American volleyball player, 3-lokaci Olympic zakara a cikin gargajiya da kuma rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga), wasa a kan rairayin bakin teku a mintonet! Yawan 'yan wasa da aka ma canza: da farko da tawagar da aka yarda a yi a matsayin da yawa' yan wasa kamar yadda zai dace da a kan rabi na 10x5 mita yankin, wato tara mutane. Duk da haka, bayan da wani yawan sababbin abubuwa saukar zuwa 6 mutane da tawagar.

Farkon wasanni a cikin dakin motsa jiki Morgan ya taka kwallon da rubberized kamara. Amma a 1896, a wasanni kamfanin "Spalding" saki na farko na aikin wasan kwallon raga, da kuma ta 1900, wani misali tsari da kuma nauyi a raga sun kusan m ga waɗanda girma cewa ana amfani da shi yau.

A layin wutar ya da yawa mafi girma fiye da a cikin 'yan wasanni yi karin kalubalantar wasan na volleyball. Dokokin wasan da tarihi na ci gaba tun sa'an nan muhimmanci modified. Yau, da tashar wutar lantarki tsawo ne 2,43 m, kuma kadan fiye da 2,24 m ga mata. A daidai da asali dokoki volleyball tawagar ci ya 21 da maki ya lashe, kuma a 1917, wannan lambar da aka rage zuwa 15. Har ila yau, a shekara ta 1922, yawan jiyar da ball shãfi iyakance zuwa uku.

Wasan kwallon raga wajen Amurka

Duk da cewa da tarihi na zargin volleyball samo asali quite sannu a hankali domin na farko 'yan shekaru, ya sauri yada fiye da America godiya ga wakilan wasanni da ƙungiyoyi, wanda sukan halarci mishan makarantu a Asiya. Game a cikin wani gajeren lokaci ya dauka girman kai daga wuri a cikin Eastern Games, da kuma a 1913 zauna da wasan kwallon raga a Rasha. A lokacin gasar wasannin duniya, wanda aka fara a 1950, Rasha ya rinjaye tawagar da kuma nuna kyakkyawan sakamako. A Turai, yadu sha'awar wasan kwallon raga a lokacin yakin duniya na farko.

A 1913, tarihin wasan kwallon raga ya samo asali a cikin Asia da nagarta sosai, wannan ne shekara wasan da aka hada a cikin shirin na farko Far Eastern Games, shirya a Manila. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin play da dokoki rabu amfani na dogon lokaci a cikin Asia, wanda nufi da tawagar 'yan wasa 16 (don ƙarin mutane, da kuma gabatarwa da wasan).

A mafi girma shahararsa na wasanni da ya tsirfanta bayan an halitta hukuma controls da kuma misali. A 1928 akwai Ƙungiyar na Amurka volleyball, a shekarar 1947. shi aka sake masa suna cikin International kwallon raga Federation (FIVB). A shekara ta 1949, na farko maza gasar a Prague, Czechoslovakia.

shahararsa Index

Manuniya girma a cikin yawan 'yan wasa a wasan kwallon raga da aka ci gaba da girma, kamar yadda labarin ya gaya labarin 1916, rubuta Robert K. Kabbunom tare da sa hannu na "Spalding". A cewar Kabbuna kimomi, da yawan 'yan wasa da ya isa a total na 200 000 mutane, na wanda matasa, da kungiyoyin kasu kamar haka: a cikin YMCA (boys, matasa maza da mazan mutane) - 70 000 mutane a cikin YWCA (' yan mata da mata) - 50 000 mutane .. a makarantu (maza da mata) - 25 000 mutane. kuma a kolejoji (boys) 10 000 mutane.

A 1916, kungiyar ta samu damar kiran YMCA iko girma a shahararsa na wasan tsakanin dalibai na National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), da aka buga a sa na dokoki da kuma wani jerin articles game da wasan volleyball.

Daga cikin dakin motsa jiki a kan yashi

A 1940 ya ɓullo da wani daban-daban style of volleyball. Teams na biyu ko hudu 'yan wasan gasa a kan impromptu gasa a kan yashi rairayin bakin teku na California, kuma nan da nan mafi kyau teams fara tafiya sama ko žasa da tekun saduwa a duels tare da wasu kungiyoyin. A farko rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga na gasar da aka gudanar a California a 1948

Babban nasara a rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga ta zo ne bayan da talabijin watsa shirye-shirye na gasar da aka gudanar a wasannin Olympics a Atlanta a 1996. A labarin na wasan da aka alama ta ban mamaki nasara FIVB Swatch World Tour, da kuma rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga ya bude wani sabon hanya zuwa matakin kasa da kasa.

rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga

rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga jam'iyya da aka kafa a shekarar 1965 da manufar bambantawa da standardization na dokoki da kuma na aikin gasa. By 1976, da mafi kyau da 'yan wasan gasar for kyauta kudi a matsayin gane' yan wasa a shekarar 1983, ya kafa kungiyar wasan kwallon raga kwararru (AVP) namiji 'yan wasa. Domin a kyauta pool na 'yan wasa gane a matsayin mafi kyau da' yan wasan gasa a wasan volleyball. Mata kafa nasu jam'iyya a shekarar 1986.

Lokacin Olympic volleyball star fara rike gasa a kan rairayin bakin teku, da wasanni ya zama ma fi rare. Beach volleyball ya yada daga California a Florida sa'an nan a sauran kasashe, har ma da wadanda ba su da rairayin bakin teku. A wasu wurare, mun taka leda a ɗaka a kan yashi fagage. By 1993, rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga ya zama haka rare a Amurka da cewa gasa da aka watsa shirye-shirye a kan gidan talabijin na kasa.

A shekarar 1987, na farko na kasa da kasa daidaita tsakanin maza biyu ta teams (volleyball). Mata sun taka farko gasa irin wannan shirin, a 1993

Gold awards

Very da sauri ya zama na fili da cewa ba kawai fadi cikin soyayya da wasan kwallon raga tsakiyar-shekaru maza kamar yadda asali ciki, amma kuma 'yan mata matasa. A farko US kasa zakaran wasan volleyball na mata da aka buga a 1949, 54 shekaru bayan wasan da aka haife. A farko na kasa da kasa gasar a Moscow na mata da aka gudanar a shekara ta 1952

Yau, maza da mata gasa a na gargajiya da kuma rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga wani bangare ne na gasar wasannin Olympics. Farko da ta zama wani Olympic wasanni a shekarar 1964 a Japan. Rundunar kasa - Japan da Tarayyar Soviet hadu a karshe na biyu da shugabannin da kuma Soviet da 'yan wasa dauki zinariya a cikin mata category. A cikin maza category a wasan kwallon raga ma yana da amfani da Tarayyar Soviet, bayan da ya lashe na farko wasannin Olympics, mu 'yan wasa sun lashe lambar yabo a kowane daga cikin na gaba biyar wasanni. Amurka ta maza ta wasan kwallon raga tawagar ga gaci wata nasara a cikin shekara ta 1984 da kuma 1988 gg

A tarihin fitowan da kuma ci gaban wasan kwallon raga a cikin yashi zo yawa daga baya na classic game. Beach volleyball zama wani Olympic wasanni a Atlanta kawai a 1996 (a cikin gasa tsakanin United States, Brazil da kuma Australia).

A lokacin ƙarnin wasan ya samu wani sabon zagaye na gaba a wasanni fagen fama: sosai nasara duniya events irin wannan gasa a matsayin Championship FIVB World, World League, Championship Duniya Grand Prix, gasar wasannin Olympics.

volleyball Rasha

Duk da cewa wasan kwallon raga da aka kirkiro a Amurka, a Rasha, wasan da sauri kama a kuma fadi cikin soyayya. Saboda haka da yawa don haka da cewa a Jamus shi aka kira da Rasha jama'a. Kuma wani abin mamaki, tun da shi ne Rasha zakarun ba wasan musamman siffofin: sirri, athleticism, gudun. Baya a 1920, tare da sa hannu na American masu horon da dama Rasha birane da aka shirya wasan kwallon raga teams, da kuma a shekara ta 1922, ya zama interested in wasanni a Moscow, ciki har da shi a cikin manhaja. Matasa 'yan wasa a ko'ina sun fara gasa a cikin wannan wasa. A duk cikin jamhuriyoyin tarayyar Soviet ya sanã'anta fitarwa wasan, musamman bayan ta hada a gasar. Soviet zakarun 4 sau dauki zinariya a gasar cin kofin duniya, 6 sau zama zakaran duniya wasan da kuma sau 12 nasara na Turai.

Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet ba ya kawo karshen tarihin wasan kwallon raga a Rasha. A 1991, All-Russian Federation kwallon raga da aka halitta, wanda ya kiyaye su da wani ilmi daga Soviet malamai. A shekara ta 1993, da maza tawagar daukan bangare a cikin World League, wanda ya mamaye na biyu wuri. A cikin wannan shekara a Turku 'yan wasa sama a samu lambar tagulla a intercontinental gasar. Wannan ne bi da jerin tsautsayi har 1999 a lokacin da kocin tawagar bayyana G. Ya. Shipulin, wanda tawagar samun samu lambar azurfa a Turai gasa da ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya. Hanyar zuwa Lavrov ya wuya sosai, saboda Rasha tawagar tsayar da karfi tawagar na Netherlands, Italiya, Czech Republic, Girka, {asar Yugoslavia. Wasan kwallon raga Rasha sake ta shahara, kawai a 2002, a lokacin da tawagar sanã'anta nasara a World League.

A gaba taron - gasar cin kofin duniya da kuma gasar Olympics a Beijing - aka alama ta sakamako mai kyau a wasan, da rarrabẽwar sha kashi a wasan karshe na gasar, kuma duk da haka barga Bronze tare da 'yan wasa. 2012-2013 shekara suna alama ta sabon gagarumi nasarori ga Rasha - a gasar Olympics ta 2012 da kuma gasar Turai.

A tarihin wasan kwallon raga a cikin Figures. A mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru da kuma kwanakin

1895: William G. Morgan (1870-1942) Halicci play wasan volleyball.

1896 da aka ɓullo da kuma sa a cikin samar da ball wasan na volleyball.

1922: The farko na kasa gasar da aka gudanar a Brooklyn, New York, a cikin abin da 27 teams daga kasashe 11 halarci.

1928, a fili yake cewa gasa da kuma dokoki ne na wajibi. Kafa Amirka Association of volleyball.

1930: haihuwar Beach kwallon raga a kan rairayin bakin teku na Santa Monica, California.

1934: yabo da amincewa da kasa alƙalai a wasan volleyball.

1947 kafa ta kasa da kasa kwallon raga Federation (FIVB). hukumance rubuce tarihi da kuma wasan kwallon raga dokoki.

1948: The farko rairayin bakin teku gasar.

1949: International wasan a Prague.

1964 kwallon raga da aka kunshe a cikin jerin wasannin Olympics a birnin Tokyo.

1965: rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga ƙungiya kafa (CBVA).

1983: halittar Association of Ma'aikata a wasan kwallon raga (AVP).

1996: rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon raga sanya ta halarta a karon a matsayin Olympic wasanni.

1997: Deyn Blenton zama na farko da Afirka ta-American sana'a player a rairayin bakin teku wasan kwallon kafa, samun nasara a gasar Miller Lite / AVP.

2007: Karch Kiraly ya tanadi gagarumi aiki, bar baya da wani kafu daram mark. Kiraly - shi ne tarihi na volleyball. A takaice za mu iya ce game da kyaututukan da ya samu da cewa ya lashe gasar shekaru 24, da tawagar ya fita a wasan kusa da na karshe a kan 75% na dukkan wasan, a cikin abin da ya halarci.