"A yanke" - wani lokaci lokacin Stolypin ta sake fasalin. Tamanin da cuts a farm Rasha

A farkon XX karni, manyan-sikelin baƙauye yunkuri a Rasha Empire tilasta hukumomi don neman mafita ga agrarian matsala a kasar nan. Ma'ana yiwu sun hanyoyi biyu na agrarian garambawul. A farko hanya kai ga adana daga cikin komai a fili kadarori da kuma halakar da baƙauye al'umma. Na biyu hanya kai ga sakewa da komai a fili kadarori da kuma nationalization na ƙasar. Lokacin da ake aiwatar da ƙasar gyare-gyare da tashi da manufar "yanke." Wannan kalma baya rare a jawabin, amma a farkon karni, da darajar da aka sani ga duk gonaki Empire.

Stolypin garambawul

All-Russian Congress na United tsada ba impetus ga aiwatar da farko hanya na ƙasar garambawul. Shan la'akari da inevitability da mutuwar tsohon baƙauye hanyar rayuwa, gwamnatin yanke shawarar a kan cikakken halakar da baƙauye rabo ƙasar, ƙasar manyan gonaki kasance m. A sake fasalin da za'ayi a karkashin jagorancin firaministan kasar P. Stolypin, kuma nan da nan ya bayyana a ranar ji sunan "Stolypin ta sake fasalin." Nuwamba 3, 1905 da aka gabatar a gidan sarauta, manifesto, bisa ga abin da fansa da biyan da aka soke da kuma allotments suka dukansa mallakar da baƙauye. Saboda haka akwai yiwuwar samar na ƙasar Holdings yanka. Wannan kalma bayyana a farkon 1906, kuma an samu nasarar yi amfani har da juyin juya halin na 1917 shekara. Wannan ra'ayi aka samu daga "sara", "yanke" - don haka ya kira a cikin kasa yanayi rabo daga ƙasar tsakanin gonaki.

The kalmar "yanka" yana nufin mai raba rabo daga zaba al'umma mulki a cikin zaman kansa yin amfani da manomi.

sirri 'yancin walwala

Tare da rabo daga cikin kabilu ƙasashe, aka yanke shawarar zuwa kore matalauta baƙauye gonaki a kan m ƙasashe na Rasha Empire. Saboda peasantry karkashin tsars da cikakken 'yanci, da tambaya da bunqasar na wakilan wannan aji na' yancin walwala. Maris 10, 1906 A matsayi na majalisar ministocin kasar da ya ba da manoma da 'yanci na zaben zama,' yancin walwala,, da sakewa na bogi "sassauta dokokin dokokin" da kuma equalization na peasantry a yakin hakkokin da sauran azuzuwan. Saboda haka, baƙauye iya barin cikin al'umma da kuma samun ƙasar a zaman kansa ikon mallakar - yanke. Wannan ne ya sa yiwu ma a yankunan inda da tati bai isa - don haka yanke da kuma batun sake ma su matsugunni a kan karkata daga cikin daular.

Khutornoi tattalin arzikin

Da dama gidaje tare da mutum ƙasar ikon mallakar kafa gona. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, irin wannan karamin shiri ya tashi a cikin sabuwar annexed yankunan tsarist Rasha, inda jama'a ƙasar a ranar da aka ba su aikata ko kuwa ba ta karɓe m rarraba. Farm kuma bran ne wani wurin hutawa alama ce Stolypin ta garambawul, wanda aka yi niyya ga reorganization na peasantry a kananan gonaki a kan Prussian model.

A nasara kammala Stolypin sake fasalin da ya hana Oktoba juyin juya halin. Tun da ta isowa, da yawa kalmomi sun rasa ma'anar, ciki har da "yanke." Wannan ra'ayi ya rasa da muhimmancin bayan buga kalmar a kan Land, sa hannu da VI Lenin.