Aces na yakin duniya na biyu. Mafi shahararren yakin yakin duniya na biyu

Kowane yaki mai tsanani baƙin ciki domin dukan mutanen da shi ko ta yaya rinjayar. Cikin dukanin ta tarihi, mutane da aka sani da yawa yaƙe-yaƙe, biyu daga waɗanda suke kasa da kasa. Duniya kusan gaba daya hallaka Turai da ya kai ga rushewar wasu manyan dauloli kamar Rasha da kuma Austria-Hungary. Amma ko da muni a sikelin ya yakin duniya na biyu, a cikin abin da kasashe da dama ne kusan a duk faɗin duniya da hannu. Ya kashe miliyoyin mutane, har ma fiye bar rashin gida. Wannan mummunan abun da aka har yanzu shafa ko ta wani hanya zamani adam. Its amo mara sa za a iya samu a ko'ina a rayuwar mu. Wannan bala'i ya bar mai yawa asirai, da rigingimu a kan wanda ba su gushe ba shekaru da dama. Nauyi zaci a wannan yaki domin rayuwa da mutuwa da aka ba tukuna quite samu karfi daga juyin juya halin da kuma yakin basasa, da kuma kawai gina ta soja da kuma zaman lafiya masana'antu na Tarayyar Soviet. A cikin zukãtan mutane zaunar irreconcilable fushi da so in yi yaƙi da invaders wanda encroached a kan yankunan da 'yanci na proletarian jihar. Mutane da yawa suka tafi wajen ƙofar aikin. Lokaci guda akwai wani reorganization na kwashe masana'antu da wuraren domin samar da bukatun da gaban. A gwagwarmayar dauki a kan sikelin da real mutane. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ne ake kira Great Patriotic War.

Su wane ne aces?

Kamar yadda Jamus da kuma Soviet sojojin da aka horar da kyau da kuma sanye take da kayan, da jirgin sama da sauran makamai. The ma'aikata daga cikin adadi ga miliyoyin mutane. A karo na biyu, waɗannan, soja motocin ya generated ta heroes, kuma su cin amanar. Daya daga waɗanda suka iya na gaskiya, a yi la'akari da heroes ne aces yakin duniya na II. Wanda su ne da abin da suke sai da aka sani? Ace za a iya gani a matsayin wani mutum wanda ya samu a cikin filin wannan Heights cewa 'yan kaxan mutane gudanar ya rinjayi. Kuma ko da a cikin irin wannan hatsari da kuma m gaskiya, a matsayin soja, ya ko da yaushe yana ta kwararru. Kamar yadda a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Allied sojojin, kuma a Nazi Jamus akwai mutane da suka nuna mafi kyau da sakamakon a yawan halaka kayan aiki ko manpower. Game da wadannan haruffa da kuma wannan labarin zai gaya.

List aces yakin duniya na II shi ne m da ya hada da mutane da yawa sanannun mutane na exploits. Sun kasance abin kõyi ga dukan al'umma, suka azzaluman, ganin darajarsa.

Air Squadrons na WWII

Aviation - ba tare da wata shakka daya daga cikin mafi romantic, amma a lokaci guda m fama makamai. Tun da wani kayan aiki na iya kasa a kowane lokaci, matukin jirgin ne ke dauke da wani sosai m abu. Yana bukatar wani baƙin ƙarfe jimiri, da horo, da ikon sarrafa kansa a wani halin da ake ciki. Saboda haka, to jirgin sama aces suna bi da babban daraja. Bayan duk, don su iya nuna mai kyau sakamakon a irin wannan yanayi, idan ka rayuwa dogara ba kawai a kan fasahar, amma kuma daga kanka - matakin qarshe na soja art. Saboda haka wanda ya kasance sun - aces matukan jirgin yakin duniya na II, da kuma dalilin da ya sa su exploits haka shahara?

Soviet matukan jirgi aces

Daya daga cikin mafi nasara Soviet ace matukan jirgi ya Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub. Hukumance shi a lokacin da yake sabis a WWII kawo saukar 62 German jirage, kuma ya aka yaba da 2 US jirgin saman soja, wanda ya halaka a karshen yaki. Wannan matukin rikodin 176 bauta Guards IAP kuma kaisu a La-7 da jirgin sama.

Na biyu a cin kwallo a lokacin yaki ya zama Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin (wanda ya sau uku bayar da lakabi na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet). Ya yi yaƙi a kudancin Ukraine a cikin Black Sea yankin, 'yanci Turai daga Nazis. A lokacin da ya sabis ya harbe saukar 59 maƙiyi jirgin sama. Ya ba su daina zuwa tashi, ko da lokacin da ya nada shugaban 9 Guards Air Division, kuma lashe wasu daga cikin m nasara a lokacin da yake ofis.

Nikolay Dmitrievich Gulaev - daya daga cikin shahararrun soja matukan jirgin, wanda kafa tarihi - 4 tashi da jirgin sama ya hallaka. A lokacin da ya soja sabis da kuma hallaka 57 maƙiyi jirgin sama. Sau biyu bayar da lakabi na girmamawa na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet.

Har ila yau, mai kyau sakamakon da aka kuma Kirill Alekseevich Yevstigneyeva. Ya harbe saukar 55 German jirage. Kozhedub, wanda ya faru da in bauta wa wasu lokaci tare da Evstigneev a cikin wannan rajimanti, sosai girmamawa yi magana a kan wannan mai tafiyan jirgin sama.

Dmitriy Borisovich Glinka ne ma wani Soviet ace. Ya halakar 50 maƙiyi jirgin sama a 100 fama manufa. Ya aka bayar da Hero na Tarayyar Soviet da lakabi na girmamawa sau biyu.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani, da Soviet Aces yakin duniya na II sun iya zuwa yãƙi, kuma ya aikata haka jaruntaka da kuma selflessly.

Asa masõya

Amma Allied iska aces yana da matukar kyau yi. Daga cikin su akwai da yawa jarumi matukan jirgin, amma da tasiri ga Soviet "shaho" su har yanzu fada takaice.

Major Richard bong da jerin wins, wanda ke nufin 40 downed maƙiyi inji. Shi ne daya daga cikin mafi nasara Allied matukan jirgi. Bayan da yaki, bong zama gwajin pilot, amma an kashe shi a lokacin da gwajin wani sabon jirgin sama F-80, iya tsalle fitar da laima bayan da mota engine kasa.

Birtaniya Dzhonson Dzheyms a lokacin yaki harbe saukar 34 maƙiyi motocin. Ya umarce daya daga cikin hari kungiyoyin na jirgin sama a lokacin da saukowa a Normandy a shekarar 1944. Fight fara a watan Maris 1943, yawo wani jirgin saman soja "Spitfire".

American pilot, Major Tomas Makgvayr harbe saukar 38 maƙiyi jirgin sama. Ya aka bayar da dama American awards, ciki har da na majalisa mindar na karimci. Ya aka kashe shi a yaƙi a kusa da tsibirin na Los Negros a shekaru 24. Yana da aka Janairu 7, 1945.

Faransa Pierre Klosterman zira kwallaye 30 nasarori a cikin iska da kuma halakar da babban adadin ƙasa motocin - locomotives, motoci da kuma motoci. Riga at 24, ya ya iya cimma daraja na kanar na jirgin sama, a cikin abin da ya kawo karshen yakin.

Jamus aces

Aces na Luftwaffe yakin duniya na II wajaba a dauki mafi m, a cikin tarihin na matukan jirgi. Daya daga cikinsu ma ya zama wani zakara na Guinness Littafi na Records. Wane ne wannan jarumi matukin jirgi?

Mafi shahara Jamus ace yakin duniya na II, kuma a lokaci guda da mutum wanda ya kafa wanda dukan tsiya da rikodin ga yawan downed jirgin sama - shi ne Erich Hartmann. A ranar da yaƙi da asusun da aka jera downed jirgin sama 352 maƙiyi, fiye da rabin wins, ya zira kwallaye fiye da mayakan (260). Hartman aka tashi kawai a kan "Messerschmitt BF 109G" kuma ya ce shi ne mafi kyau daga cikin jirage da ya taba gani. Bayan yaki, ya mika wuya ga Amirkawa, wanda ya aiko shi zuwa ga Soviet sojojin. A sakamakon haka shi da wani kusan 10-shekara jumla a cikin sansanonin, amma Erich ya iya kõmãwa zuwa ga matarsa da 'ya'yansa ya kuma rasu a wani ci-gaba da shekaru. Record kafa da su shi ne da gaske ban mamaki, domin babu Soviet ko Allied aces iya ba kai irin wannan m sakamakon.

Hans-Ioahim Marsel - Jamus pilot, suka yi yaƙi da mafi yawa a Afirka. A lokacin da ya soja, da kuma shi ne mai gajeren harbi saukar a total na 158 da jirgin sama da Amurkawa da kuma Birtaniya. Na fadi a cikin jeji, a lokacin da m wa aerodrome, wadannan da nasara kammala wani fama da manufa, da kuma shi ya faru saboda wata matsala a cikin jirgin sama. Aka binne shi tare da babbar karrama.

Gerhard Buckhorn - wani Jamus ace. Sabõda da 301 fama da jirgin sama. Buckhorn samu dama tsanani raunuka, domin, a Bugu da kari wani fama matukin jirgi, ya kasance ma wani gwajin pilot, musamman flyby tsunduma duniya na farko jet jirgin saman soja, da Ni-262. Bayan da yaki, tsunduma a gwaji jirgin sama na Jamus Air Force dawo dasu.

Amma ko ba da Jamus Aces yakin duniya na II jirgin sama sun sosai da kwararru da zai iya guda-handedly halakar da yawan jirgin sama, daidai da uku iska rarrabu? A fannoni da dama, da nasara ne saboda gwada da rauni jirgin horo na Soviet matukan jirgi. Tarayyar Soviet a farkon yakin ya rasa game da 1,200 m motocin, wanda ya shafi matsayi na dukan da jirgin sama. Ta halitta, tare da jirgin sama ya mutu, kuma mutane da suka sami damar tashi. A irin wannan yanayi, shi aka sauri shirya kara bazara Darussan, wanda suka iya mayar da yawan matukan jirgin, amma a kudi na quality. Ga misali, da talakawan plaque matukin jirgi a cikin Soviet Academy ya 13-34 hours, alhãli kuwa da cewa daga cikin Jamusawa - game da 400 hours. Bugu da kari, da Jamus dabara na iska fama a farkon yakin ya kai tsayi fiye da Rasha. Zuwa ga karshen tashin halin da ake ciki canza a gaban shugabanci.

Kamar yadda zamu iya gani, aces matukan jirgi na yakin duniya na biyu ya nuna da gaske m sakamakon. Amma ya exploits sun shahara ba kawai su. Abin da sauran makamai na sabis da aka ba wa duniya shahara Masters soja craft?

Motocin dakon aces yakin duniya na II

Babu kasa muhimmanci a cikin fama makamai. Motocin dakon ko da yaushe aka sosai jarumi sojoji. Tun halakar da tank iya zama a hanyoyi da yawa, shi ne mai sauki tsammani cewa hatsarin ya yi kwanto a ko'ina. Duk da haka ko da yaushe motocin dakon jaruntaka ya yi yaƙi domin da akida na kasar su da kuma ba tare da shakka ba da ransa domin su. Kuma, ba shakka, daga cikinsu akwai ma sanannen aces yakin duniya na II.

Soviet tank aces

Mafi shahara Soviet tank master - shi ne Dmitry Lavrinenko, wanda zai yi fariya da wani sirri account a cikin fama 52 maƙiyi tankuna. Wannan soja suka yi yaƙi da abokan gaba a cikin shahararrun T-34, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin alamu na yaki.

Wani sanannun Soviet tank na Duniya - Zinovy Kolobanov. Ya feat da aka gabatar a da yawa litattafan da littattafai, kamar yadda ya iya halakar da wata guda fadan na 22 German tankuna (shi ne na biyu mafi girma sakamakon tsakanin tarihin tank fadace-fadace da yaƙin duniya II).

Amma, duk da cewa da tank sojojin suna daga cikin mafi yawa a cikin abun da ke ciki na Soviet sojojin, motocin dakon aces yakin duniya na II, ga abin da dalilai, Tarayyar Soviet da aka iske ba. Me ya sa yake haka - shi ne ba a sani ba. Shi ne ma'ana ya ɗauka cewa da yawa sirri asusun da gangan a kan ko yayata, don haka ainihin yawan nasarori aforementioned Masters tank yaƙi ba zai yiwu.

Jamus tank aces

Amma Jamus tank aces yakin duniya na II, da yawa mafi girma rikodin. Wannan shi ne sun fi mayar saboda da fayyace na Jamus, wanda ake tsananin rubuce, da kuma lokacin da za a yi wasu yãƙi, suka yi fiye da su Soviet "abokan aiki". Footwork Jamus sojojin fara ajiye a 1939.

Jamus jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar man fetur da lambar 1 - shi Hauptsturmführer Michael Wittmann. Ya yi yaƙi da yawa a cikin tankuna (Stug III, Tiger I) da kuma halaka su a lokacin yaki 138 da inji kuma 132 kai-propelled manyan bindigogi daban-daban, maƙiyi kasashen. Domin samun irin wannan nasarar da aka akai-akai bayar da tare da daban-daban umarni da ãyõyin Uku Reich. Kashe a mataki a shekarar 1944 a Faransa.

Zaka kuma iya zažar wannan tank ace Otto Carius. Ga waɗanda suka ko ta yaya sha'awar a tarihin na sulke sojojin na Uku Reich, shi ne mai matukar amfani, littafin da ya memoirs "Tigers a cikin laka." A lokacin yakin, wannan mutumin ya hallaka 150 Soviet da kuma American tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi.

Kurt Knispel - wani jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar man fetur-rikodin mariƙin. Ya buga wa aikin soja 168 tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi na abokan gaba. Game 30 motoci masu unconfirmed, cewa ba zai yale shi ya kama up a kan sakamako daga Wittmann. Kurt Knispel aka kashe a wani yaki a kusa da kauyen na Vostits a Czechoslovakia a shekarar 1945.

Bugu da kari, da sakamakon su da kyau da kuma Karl Bromanna - 66 tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi, Ernst Barkmanna - 66 tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi, Erich Mausberga - 53 tankuna da kai-propelled bindigogi.

Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga wadannan sakamakon, duka biyu Soviet da kuma Jamus tank aces yakin duniya na II su iya yaƙi. Hakika, da yawa da kuma ingancin Soviet soja motocin da yawa a fi da cewa da Jamus, duk da haka, a matsayin yi, kuma suka yi amfani da quite nasarar da ya zama tushen ga wasu daga cikin post-yaki tank kayayyaki.

Amma wannan jerin makamai, wanda bambanta iyayengijinsu, ba karshen. Bari mu magana kadan game da aces submariners.

Jagora submarine yaƙi

Kamar yadda a yanayin saukan jiragen sama da kuma tankuna, su ne mafi nasara Jamus matuƙan. Submariners Kriegsmarine a lokacin shekaru ta zama ba, da jirgin ya nutse a 2603 da Allied kasashen, jimlar hijirar na wanda ya kai ton miliyan 13.5 adadi. Yana da gaske ne mai ban sha'awa adadi. Kuma m sirri asusun Jamus aces submariners yakin duniya na biyu, kuma, zai fariya.

Highest Jamus Submarine - Otto Kretschmer, wanda asusu na 44 daga cikin jirgin, ciki har da daya hallakarwa. Total tonnage sunk su jiragen ruwa - 266.629 ton.

A na biyu wuri - Wolfgang Lute cewa aika zuwa kasa 43 na maƙiyi jirgin (da kuma sauran data - 47) total hijirar na 225.712 tons.

Kuma aka sani da marine ace Günther Prien ya kuma wanda ya iya ya nutsar ko da Birtaniya jirgin ruwa na soja "Royal Oak". Yana daya daga cikin na farko da jami'an da suka karbi itacen oak ganye da Knight ta Cross. Prien halakar 30 jiragen ruwa. Ya mutu a cikin 1941, a wani hari da Birtaniya jerin gwanon. Ya kasance haka rare cewa mutuwarsa watanni biyu ɓuya daga mutane. Kuma a rãnar da jana'izar, da makoki da aka ayyana don dukan ƙasar.

Irin nasarorin Jamus matuƙan ma quite m. Gaskiyar cewa Jamus fara sojan ruwa yaki a 1940, tare da kawancen na kasar Birtaniya, ta haka fatan rushe ta girman da tẽku, shan amfani da wannan, gudanar da wani cin nasara, damƙa daga cikin tsibiran. Duk da haka, da jimawa da Nazis da tsare-tsaren da aka thwarted, a matsayin yaki shiga America tare da manyan da kuma iko jiragen ruwa.

Shin Tarayyar Soviet aces tsakanin submariners?

Mafi shahara Soviet ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa submarine - Alexander Marinesco. Ya nutse kawai 4 na jirgin, amma ba! Tã fasinja jirgin "Wilhelm Gustloff" kai "General von Steuben ', da kuma 2 raka'a nauyi plavbatarei" Helena "da" Siegfried. " Domin ya exploits, Hitler sanya wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa a cikin jerin sirri makiya. Amma rabo Marinescu bai yi aiki da kyau. Ya fadi daga ni'imar da Soviet hukumomi, kuma ya rasu, sai exploits tsaya magana. babban ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa samu kawai posthumously a 1990. Ya lashe kyautar na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Abin baƙin ciki, mutane da yawa Soviet Aces yakin duniya na II ƙare rayukansu wannan hanya.

Har ila yau, sanannen iri iri na Tarayyar Soviet sun Ivan Travkin - nutse 13 jirãge, Nikolai Lunin - tare da 13 jirãge, Valentin Starikov - 14 jiragen ruwa. Amma Marinesko shugaba cikin jerin daga cikin mafi kyau iri iri na Tarayyar Soviet a matsayin mafi girma lalacewar sa zuwa Jamus Navy.

Daidaito da kuma halin asiri

To, yaya za a yi ku yi tunãni ba irin shahara mayakan kamar yadda makasa? A nan, Tarayyar Soviet daukan cancanci dabino daga Jamus. Soviet makasa aces yakin duniya na II yana da matukar high hanya asusun. A fannoni da dama, wadannan sakamakon da aka samu godiya ga m jihar shirya wa jama'a farar hula ga harbi daga daban-daban makamai. Badge "Voroshilov Sharpshooter" da aka bayar da su game da miliyan 9 mutane. To, abin da suke cikin shahararrun maharbi?

Name Vasily Zaitsev tsoratar da Jamusawa da kuma shuka ƙarfin hali na Soviet sojojin. Wannan na yau da kullum Guy, wani mafarauci ya kashe 'bindiga Mosin 225 Wehrmacht sojoji kawai a watan yãƙi a Stalingrad. Daga cikin fitattun sunayen maharbi - Fedor Okhlopkov, sabõda abin da (na yaki), game da dubu na Nazis. Maniyyi Nomokonov da cewa kashe 368 sojojin abokan gaba. da kuma mata suna daga cikin makasa. Misali - sanannen Lyudmila Pavlichenko, suka yi yaƙi a karkashin Odessa da Sevastopol.

Ma'aikatan Jamus ba su da masaniya, ko da yake a Jamus tun 1942 akwai makarantu da dama da suka shiga aikin horo na ma'aikata. Daga cikin mafi nasara Jamus shooters - Mattias Hettsenauer (345 aka kashe), Josef Allerberger (257 aka kashe), Bruno Sutkus (209 harbi da sojoji). Har ila yau, an san shi a matsayin maciji daga ƙasashen Hitler ne Simo Hayha - wannan Finn a lokacin yakin ya kashe mutane 504 na Red Army (bisa ga rahoton da ba a tabbatar da su ba).

Babban makami na kowane bindiga da aka yi amfani da shi shi ne bindigar Mosin tare da gani mai gani, amma, dangane da halin da ake ciki, ana amfani da SVT. Bugu da kari ga babban fasali na makaminsa, kuma karatu da horo zama dole domin rayuwa - stealth, da ikon jira, ya zama a cikin cikakken immobility, kuma orienteering.

Saboda haka, horar da magunguna na Tarayyar Soviet ya zama mafi girma fiye da na sojojin Jamus, wanda ya ba sojojin Soviet damar daukar nauyin girman kai na yakin duniya na II.

Yaya suka zama sassan?

Saboda haka, batun "yakin yakin duniya na biyu" yana da yawa. Kamar yadda aka ambata, wadannan mutane sun sami sakamako masu ban sha'awa a cikin aikin su. Wannan ya samu ba kawai saboda horar da sojoji ba, amma har ma saboda halaye na mutunci. Bayan haka, don matukin jirgi, alal misali, daidaituwa da saurin sauri yana da mahimmanci, ga maciji - iyawar jira don lokaci mai dacewa don yin amfani da wani lokaci har guda guda.

Saboda haka, ba shi yiwuwa a san wanda yake da mafi kyawun yakin yakin duniya na biyu. Dukansu bangarorin biyu sunyi aikin heroin wanda ba a taɓa gani ba, wanda ya ba mu damar raba mutane daga babban taro. Amma yana yiwuwa ya zama maigida, ta hanyar horarwa sosai da inganta ƙwarewar gwagwarmayar ku, domin yaki bai jure wa rauni ba. Ko shakka babu, raƙuman labaran lissafi ba zai iya nuna wa mutumin na zamani dukan waɗannan matsalolin ba, da matsalolin da masu sana'a suka fuskanta a lokacin yakin ya zama babban abin da ya dace.

Mu, tsarawar da ke zaune ba tare da sanin irin wannan mummunar abu ba, bai kamata ya manta da abubuwan da suka yi mana ba. Suna iya zama wahayi, tunatarwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Kuma dole ne mu yi ƙoƙari mu yi duk abin da za mu tabbatar da cewa irin wannan mummunan lamari kamar yadda yaƙe-yaƙe da ya wuce.