Apollo da Daphne: labari da ta gani a art

Su wane ne Apollo da Daphne? A farko wannan biyu da muka sani a matsayin daya daga cikin allolin Olympus, ɗan Zeus, ya zama majiɓinci saint na music da kuma high art. Me game da Daphne? Wannan hali na zamanin d Girkanci mythology, yana da akalla wani babban asalin. Mahaifinta, bisa ga Ovid, Thessalian kogin bautãwa Peney. Pausanias kuma ya ce da ita 'yar itãcen dabĩnai, kuma ya zama majiɓinci daga kogi a Arcadia. A uwar Daphne ya allahiya na duniya Gaia. Menene ya faru da Apollo da Daphne? Kamar yadda wannan mai ban tausayi labarin na unquenched kuma suka ƙaryata, soyayya da aka saukar a cikin ayyukan painters da sculptors na baya shekaru daban-daban? Karanta game da shi a wannan labarin.

The labari na Daphne da Leucippus

Ya daskarar a Hellenistic lokacin da ya dama zažužžukan. A mafi cikakken labarin da ake kira "Apollo da Daphne" da aka bayyana ta Ovid a cikin "Metamorphosis" ( "rikirkida"). The matasa nymph rayu da girma karkashin laimar da budurwa aljanna Atamis. Kamar ta, Daphne ma ya yi wa'adi da farjinsu. A soyayya tare da ita a mutuwa - Leucippus. Don samun kusa da kyakkyawa, ya rungumi mata tufafin da kuma braided ta gashi a braids. Ya rikici da aka saukar a lokacin da Daphne tare da wasu 'yan mata suka tafi wanka a cikin dabino daga hannunka. Ji rauni mace cinye Leucippus. To, abin da ke da Apollo? - Ka tambayi. Wannan shi ne kawai farkon tarihi. Sun-dan Zeus, a wancan lokaci ne kawai dan kadan m zuwa Daphne. Amma ko da daga baya, da wayo bautãwa kishi. Maid fallasa Leucippus da taimakon Apollo. Amma an har yanzu ba son ...

The labari na Apollo da kuma Eros

Wata rana dan Zeus fara izgili gunkin soyayya. Ka ce, abin da irin iko a kan mutane shi ne wani matashi da ya yara kibiyoyi? Dan allahiya na kyakkyawa Aphrodite (Romawa - Venus) Eros aka tsanani m. Don nuna cewa ikonsa kara ba kawai ga mutane amma kuma ga Olympians, gumaka, ya jefa a cikin zuciya na Apollo ta kibiyoyi na soyayya ga nymph Daphne. Kuma a cikin shi ya sa batu na antipathy, kangẽwa. Yana da aka soyayya, wanzuwa ga gazawar. Idan ba don na biyu albarku, Apollo da Daphne, zai iya kai kusanci. Amma gudu, guda biyu tare da alwashi daga farjinta sanya nymph nuna juriya ga rana, allahnsu. Sauran wa irin wannan liyafar, Apollo fara harbin wani nymph, kamar yadda aka bayyana da Ovid, kamar farauta kare bayan wani zomo. Sa'an nan Daphne ya yi addu'a ga iyaye, gumakansu cikin kõgi, kuma ƙasar, dõmin su taimaka mata ta canza ta bayyanar. Saboda haka kyau nymph juya a cikin wani Laurel itace. Kawai dintsi na kore ganye zauna a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin tsananta. A matsayin alama daga cikin soyayya ƙaryata Apollo ko da yaushe sa a Laurel wreath. Wadannan Evergreen rassan ne yanzu da alama rabo mai girma.

Tasiri a Art

Tarihin "Apollo da Daphne" A mãkirci ne daga mafi mashahuri a cikin Hellenistic al'adu. Yana doke a cikin ayoyi Ovid naso. Antica bugi daidai da canji na wani kyakkyawar yarinya a wani babu kasa da kyau shuka. Ovid bayyana yadda vuya a baya da itãce da fuska, m ƙirãza saye haushi, hannuwa upraised a addu'a, su ne rassan, da kuma kansa ilimi sakamako feet - asalinsu. Amma, sai ya ce da mawãƙi, da kyakkyawa da ya rage. A ma'adanin na marigayi tsufa nymph sau da yawa ma Zagayawar a lokacin da banmamaki hira. Kawai lokaci-lokaci, kamar a cikin ginin Dioskurov (Pompei), Mosaic shi ne biyar musu da Apollo. Amma a cikin gaba zamanin painters da sculptors sun misalta kawai sauko zurriyar labarin Ovid. Yana da yake a cikin miniatures-zane-zane a cikin "Metamorphoses" karo na farko a Turai art gana da mãkirci na "Apollo da Daphne". A zanen siffanta da canji na wata yarinya a guje a Laurel.

Apollo da Daphne sassaka da zane a Turai art

A Renaissance ne don haka mai suna saboda shi ya farfado sha'awa cikin tsufa. An fara daga karni Kvadrochento (karni na sha biyar), da nymph da wasannin bautawa kamar ba ya je da zane-zane na shahara Masters. Cikin shahararrun ayyukan Pollaiuolo (1470-1480). Ya "Apollo da Daphne" - zanen Allah a mai kaifin baki jacket, amma tare da danda ƙafa da nymph - a wani qoramu dress tare da kore rassan maimakon yatsunsu. Wannan topic ya zama mafi rare a cikin Baroque zamanin. The tsananta Apollo, da kuma canji na nymph wanda aka nuna Bernini, L. Giordano, Giorgione, J .. Tiepolo, kuma ko da Yan Breygel. Ba na kau da wannan frivolous batutuwa da Rubens. A wani shekaru Rococo labarin shi ne babu kasa gaye.

"Apollo da Daphne" by Bernini

Yana da wuya a yi imani da cewa wannan marmara sassaka kungiyar - da aikin wani mai novice master. Duk da haka, a lokacin da aiki a 1625 ado da wani Roman mazaunin Cardinal Borghese, Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini ne kawai ashirin da shida. Biyu-adadi abun da ke ciki ne sosai m. Apollo Daphne kusan kama. Nymph ne har yanzu cike da motsi, amma metamorphosis rigaya ya gama: a Fluffy gashi bayyana ganye, velvety fata ne an rufe shi da haushi. Apollo, da kuma bayan shi, da kuma kallo ga cewa samar aka slipping. Jagora masterfully canza marbles cikin wannan tsararru. Kuma muna neman a sculptural rukuni na "Apollo da Daphne" by Bernini, manta cewa kafin mu - a dutse. Figures haka roba, saboda haka gyarawa up, ga alama kamar an yi su da iska. Haruffa ba ze taɓa ƙasa. Domin tabbatar da kasancewar wannan kungiyar kasashen a cikin gini na ruhaniya mutum, Cardinal Barberini rubuta bayani: "Duk wanda ke neman ni'ima wucewa kyakkyawa, kasai da hannuwanta cike da m berries da itãce."