Artist Vasily Polenov: biography, kerawa

The biyu da rabi na karni na 19th ne heyday na Rasha zanen. Daya daga cikin wakilan da galaxy na fice artists na wannan zamani ne Vasily Polenov, wanda zane-zane da aka karin hakikanci da so "ba farin ciki da farin ciki." A karshe kalmomi kasance a cikin zane-zane da kuma shi ne taken da aikinsa da kuma rayuwa, kamar yadda evidenced da biography na artist.

iyaye

A nan gaba shahara artist aka haife shi a al'adu da kuma quite wani m aristocratic iyali a 1844. Mahaifinsa, Dmitry Polenov, aka sani a matsayin mai sha'awar tarihi da kuma bibliographer. Uwar, Maria A., nee Voeikova, karatu zanen kuma rubuce-rubuce littattafai yara. Ta kasance 'yar Vera Nikolaevna Lions cewa bayan da farkon mutuwa da mahaifansa biyu da aka kawo up aure a cikin iyali Derzhavin.

yara

Polenov Vasili Dmitrievich ciyar da yara a St. Petersburg, amma iyalinsa sau da yawa ke da bazara a cikin Olonets Abuja da kuma Estate Olshanka Tambov lardin, mallakar da kaka na artist. Vera azzaluman jĩkõki, kuma ƙaunace su yi musu liyãfa, gaya epics, Legends, kuma tatsuniyoyi. Yana kuma aka labartawa Rasha da Turai shayari, saboda haka, taka muhimmiyar rawa a siffata da m dandano na karamin Vasey. Amma ga asalin aunarsa na zanen, da zanen da yara da hannu inna. Ta nace da cewa mata ya yi ijara da tutors for Basil kuma ƙarami ya Helen. Kamar yadda wani malami, sai aka gayyace Chistyakov, wanda a wancan lokaci ya yi karatu a Academy of Fine Arts. Layi daya ga wannan, yaron ya tafi makaranta, kuma ya nuna babban himma don koyo.

studentship

A 1863 Vasily Polenov sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare, kuma, tare da kane Alex sa suna a St. Petersburg University a Physics da lissafi Faculty. Duk da haka, da soyayya ga zanen da aka karfi so ga kimiyya, da kuma da yamma saurayin halarci Academy of Arts. Bugu da kari, matasa Polenov ya m na music shi, ya kasance mai yawan baƙo ga opera gidan har ma ya rera a cikin dalibi mawaka na Academy.

Ba da da ewa, saurayin ya dauki wani sabbatical a jami'a da kuma sadaukar da lokaci zuwa zanen. A 1867 Vasily Polenov sauke karatu daga Academy of Arts. A daidai wannan lokaci da ya karbi lambar azurfa ga zane da kuma zane.

Nan da nan bayan haka, saurayin ya koma zuwa ga University, amma canja da baiwa da kuma soma nazarin dokar.

Ganawa da Repin

A 1869 Vasily Polenov da wani babban marmarin samun lambar zinariya na Academy of Arts. Don wannan karshen, shi aka fentin "Ayuba da abokai." Ta samu a kananan lada, kuma ba shi da hakkin ya ci gaba da shiga a cikin gasar. Sabuwar ɗawainiya ya haifar da zane-zane da "The Kiwon na shugaban majami'ar ta 'yarsa," da kuma abokan hamayyarsu na matasa artist ya Ivan Repin.

A sakamakon haka ne m Match: duka biyu Masters goga bayar kyau kwarai aiki ne da juri bayar da su manyan zinare da kuma tafiya zuwa Turai.

A 1872 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich Repin tafi farko zuwa Jamus, sa'an nan a Italiya da kuma a Paris. A babban birnin kasar na Faransa da aka haka fascinated da artist, cewa ya yanke shawarar zama a can. A Paris, kuma m rubuta da zane "The kama Countess d'Etremon", ga wanda, bayan ya dawo Rasha, ya aka bayar da lakabi na Academician. fenta ta iyawa da aka nuna godiya, da kuma wakilan da sarauta iyali. A 1876 aka nada kotu fenta kuma ya tafi zuwa ga Rasha-Turkish yaki, wanda ya a wani kudi na Tsesarevicha Aleksandra.

Moscow lokaci

Dawo daga gidan wasan kwaikwayo na yaki, Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich zauna a Moscow da kuma fara koyar da a Moscow School of zanen, sassaka da Architecture. Akwai, almajiransa suka Levitan, Korovin, I. Ostroukhov, Arkhipov, E. Tadevosyan da Golovin.

A lokaci guda, da artist kansa ya rubuta, da kuma a 1877 ya gabatar da aikin "Moscow Yard" a 6 ga watan tafiya nuni. A hoton wani laifin nasara, da kuma Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich aka gane a matsayin wanda ya kafa wani sabon salo, da ake kira da sukar "m wuri mai faɗi".

Wani gagarumin taron na Moscow lokacin da artist ta rayuwa ya kasance da ya yanke shawara ya shiga cikin Wanderers, daga gare su, da lokaci ya yi da abokai da yawa.

Littafi Mai-Tsarki theme

Tsohon Alkawari da kuma Kirista batutuwa daga farko ba a cikin ayyukan Polenov. Samun wahayi a cikin 1881-1882 shekaru da artist tafiya zuwa Littafi Mai Tsarki shafukan, a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Ya ziyarci Konstantinoful, Syria, Palestine, kuma Misira. Daga tafiya artist Polenov Vasily kawo almara da kuma almara ga zanen "Almasihu da kuma yawan zunubi" da sauran ayyuka, rubuta a karkashin ra'ayi na abin da ya gani ba. Wasu daga cikin su kai wa ni'ima Pavla Tretyakova, wanda ya samu zane-zane domin tarin.

image na Almasihu

A 1883, da zane-zane da matarsa tafi Italiya. Akwai ya ci gaba da aiki a kan zanen "Almasihu da kuma yawan zunubi", wanda aka gabatar wa jama'a a 15th nuni da Wanderers. Canvas halitta a furor, da kuma sha'awar ganin shi a gidan kayan gargajiya, ya ce Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III, wanda falala a kansu artist tun da Rasha-Turkish yaki.

A 1888 Polenov Vasiliy Dmitrievich rubuta wani sanannen zanen a kan Littafi Mai Tsarki theme - "A Tiberias (Gennesaret) lake." A wani sabon zane, ya sake bayyana ne Almasihu - wani mutum da Gabas irin mutum kuma tare da look na Sage, amma ba da sufferer. Haka kuma, wani muhimmin "actor" hoton ya faɗi, fentin a kan almara sanya ta artist daga yanayi yayin tafiya a gabas ta tsakiya.

Rayuwa a Behovo

A 1890 Vasily Polenov, wanda biography ne mai dogon jerin nasarorin, ya yanke shawarar barin babban birnin da kuma matsawa zuwa yankin Tula. Akwai a banki na Oka, ya gina wani gidan. Ga babban ginin da aka kara daga baya nazarinsa a wadda Polenov sanar jawo yankunan karkara yara. Bisa fenta ya ba da sunan Estate Borok kuma ya fara yin} o} arin tabbatar da cewa shi yana yiwuwa ya juya a cikin wani National Museum.

Vasily Polenov: "Golden Autumn"

Nau'in na unguwannin Borok lashe zuciya na artist. Sun kasance sũ ne batun da aikin, wanda a farkon 1890s rubuta Vasily Polenov. "Golden Autumn" daukan wani wuri na musamman a tsakanin su. A kan zane nuna da banki na Oka, fringed da birches a wani haske ado. A zanen da aka nuna a gidan kayan gargajiya-Estate "Polenovo" (tsohon Estate "Borok") da kuma wani nisa kira daga farkon shimfidar, wanda rubuta Vasily Polenov ( "overgrown Pond", "Old Mill", da dai sauransu).

bayan 1917

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin Polenov dauki wani aiki sashi a cikin kungiyar daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo kungiyar a Estate Borok kuma yi aiki tare da baƙauye matasa.

A daidai wannan lokaci da ya rubuta da zane "Ambaliyar on Oka", wanda ya zama daya daga cikin mafi kyau ayyukan artist ta balagagge lokaci.

A karshe shekaru ransa

A 1924, girmama na 80th ranar tunawa da artist a Tretyakov Gallery aka shirya solo nuni da ayyuka da Vasily Dmitrievich. A general, da Soviet gwamnati ya m ga artist. A musamman, a cikin 1926 da zane-zane da aka bayar da lakabi na jama'ar kasar Artist na RSFSR. Mafi m, wannan shi ne saboda son zuciyarsa to Polenov kuma a kowace hanya don inganta yin sadaka da ayyukan jama'a da ilimi ko da a wani lokaci a lokacin da wannan da aka yi ne kawai 'yan wakilan da Rasha kawo dukkan.

Yuli 18, 1927 da zane-zane mutu. The artist aka binne shi a kan bankunan na Oka, ya kafa Estate a cikin unguwa Borok.

"Polenovo"

A shekarar 1931, Tarayyar Soviet gwamnati yanke shawarar kafa wani gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin Estate Borok. An sake masa suna a Polenovo, kuma akwai ci gaba da ciki, wanda sun kasance cikin artist ta rayuwa. Akwai kai a kai da aka gudanar ban sha'awa al'adu events da kuma nuna zane-zane daga cikin shahararrun fenta.

Yanzu ka san babban events na biography na V. Polenov da kuma tarihi na wasu daga cikin mafi muhimmanci na ayyukan da ya yi, wanda suna cikin Masterpieces na Rasha art na 19th karni.