Babban pianist Sviatoslav Richter: rayuwa da kuma aiki

Rihter Svyatoslav Teofilovich - an yi fice pianist na karni na 20th, virtuoso. Ya yi wata babbar repertoire. S. Richter kafa wa mãsu yin sadaka tushe. Ya kuma shirya da dama music bukukuwa.

biography

Sviatoslav Richter, wanda biography da aka gabatar a cikin wannan takarda, an haife shi a 1915 a Zhitomir. Ya shafe da yara da kuma matashi shekaru da aka kashe a cikin Odessa. A farko malamin ya mahaifinsa - pianist da organist, karatu music a Vienna. A 19 S. Richter ya ba da farko concert. A 22, sai ya shiga Moscow kide. A shekarar 1945, ya lashe All-Union gasar mawaƙa. Na dogon lokaci, da, hukuma ba ta bari Richter kasashen waje a kan yawon shakatawa. Ta farko da tafiya ya faru a shekarar 1960. Sa'an nan, ya zo a Amurka da kuma Finland. A shekaru baya ya ba da kide a Faransa, Birtaniya da Austria da kuma Italiya.

Svyatoslav Rihter wani kafa da dama music bukukuwa da kuma sadaka asusu. A lokacin yakin da ya rayu a cikin Moscow, kuma uwãyensa sun kasance a cikin zama a Odessa. Ba da da ewa mahaifina da aka kama da kuma harbi. Uwa tafi Jamus, da kuma S. Richter yi imani da cewa ta mutu. Ya ba su ga ta ga da shekaru 20. A karshe shekaru na rayuwa daga cikin mawakan da aka gudanar a birnin Paris. Gab da mutuwarsa, sai ya koma zuwa Rasha. A karshe concert na Richter ya faru a kan Yuli 6, 1997. Pianist mutu 1 ga watan Agusta, 1997 Dalilin mutuwa - ciwon zuciya. Aka binne shi a Moscow, da Novodevichy hurumi.

m hanya

Sviatoslav Richter a 1930, ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa a cikin House a Odessa accompanist. Sa'an nan, ya mayar da su cikin Philharnonic. Tun da 1934, ya yi aiki a Opera House. A 1937 Svyatoslav Rihter shiga Moscow kide. Amma nan da nan, da pianist aka fitar. Bayan wani lokaci ya ci gaba da karatunsa. Ya sauke karatu daga Conservatory na S. Richter a 1947. Famous kida samu a cikin postwar shekaru. A shekara ta 1952, Svyatoslav Theofilovich a farko da kuma karshe lokaci zo a fage a matsayin shugaba a cikin rayuwarka. A cikin shekaru 60 da da pianist karo na farko tafi kide a kasashen waje. Svyatoslav Rihter shi ne na farko Soviet artists aka bayar da kyauta "Grammy". Ya ba 70 kide a shekara. A karshen rayuwarsa, ya kasance sau da yawa rashin lafiya, amma ya ci gaba da yi, amma sau da yawa ga lafiyar dalilai soke kide.

"Disamba marece"

"Disamba Nights" Svyatoslava Rihtera - wani music festival, kafa a babban pianist. An farko da aka gudanar a shekarar 1981. A bikin ne a jerin kide inda music kuma nuna zaba a karkashin ta hoton. Saboda haka, shi ya nuna dangantaka ta kusa da juna daban-daban na Art. A tsawon shekaru da festival a matsayin wani ɓangare na taron da aka shirya game da 500 kide, wanda aka samu halartar fitattun masu kida, masu kasida, artists, 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, gudanarwa.

repertory

Ayyukan marubuta daban-daban a yi a kide Sviatoslav Richter. Music of daban-daban nau'o'i - daga Baroque zuwa jazz - yana daga cikin sharhin na pianist. Composers waɗanda ayyukansu da ya yi:

• I. S. Bah.
• Haydn.
• M. Ravel.
• F. List.
• P. I. Chaykovsky.
• M. Balakirev.
• L. Cherubini.
• M. Falla.
• Benjamin Britten.
• F. Chopin.
• F-B. Sándor Wekerle.
• Sibelius.
• P. Hindemith.
• A. Copland.
• A. Alyabyev.
• A. Berg.
• D. Gershwin.
• N. Medtner.
• L. Delibes.
• G. Wolf.
• K. Szymanowski.
• E. Chausson.
• Taneyev.
• L. Janacek.
• Poulenc F. et al.

Duk da cewa da sharhin da aka sosai fadi da kuma bambance bambancen, sosai kadan da aka rubuta a cikin studio na Sviatoslav Richter. Albums pianist aka jera a kasa:

• "Concerto № 1 a B Flat Ƙananan" for piano da kuma ƙungiyar makaɗa P. I. Chaykovskogo. Tare da sa hannu na Vienna Symphony Orchestra karkashin Karajan G. (1981).
• "To zafin Clavier" I. S. Baha - Part 1 (1971).
• "To zafin Clavier" I. S. Baha - Part 2 (1973).

Foundation Richter

A cikin 90s na karni na 20th shi aka tushen Foundation Svyatoslava Rihtera. Its aiki da nufin gudanar da wani daban-daban al'adu ayyuka a lardin. Wannan shi ne da farko na gargajiya music bukukuwa. Yana duk fara da cewa Richter da ra'ayin da ka ƙirƙiri art makaranta, inda ya za a iya yi, kazalika da sauran matasa artists kuma masu kida. Bude wani gidan cin abinci ya yi mafarki a cikin Tarusa, inda ya gida. Don gudanar da wani mafarki da aka bukatar kudi. Sa'an nan sai wani tunani ya zo Svyatoslav Theofilovich rike shekara-shekara bukukuwa domin artists kuma masu kida, inda zai shiga, kazalika da m abokai. Saide saboda irin abubuwan, da kuma kudaden shiga za a yi amfani da su bude wani makaranta. Abokai da kuma 'yan'uwanmu masu kida - Yuriy Bashmet, Galina Pisarenko, Natalia Gutman, Elizabeth Leonskaya kuma waɗansu da yawa - ya taimaka wa kansa ra'ayin. Kamar wancan Foundation aka kafa Richter. pianist, ya zama Shugaba. A dukiya asusun Svyatoslav Theofilovich ya ba da dacha. Asusun fara aiki tare da wani shagali Richter. Ya rike Disamba 1, 1992.

Richter artist

Rihter Svyatoslav Teofilovich m na ba kawai music. Ya tattara tarin zane-zane da kuma zane halitta da mutanen da suke kusa da shi: K. Magalashvili, Troyanovskaya A., B. Shuhaeva, D. Krasnopevtseva. Daga cikin kasashen waje artists a cikin tarin kasance zane-zane ta hanyar Pablo Picasso ( "Dove" tare da wani rubutu daga fenta), H. Hartung, Miro da Alexander Calder. Anna Troyanovskaya mai girma aboki na pianist, ta na da ya koya rubuta tare da pastels. A ra'ayin ta, Svyatoslav Rihter ya mai girma gabar launi da sautin, manufar sarari, da kuma tunanin prodigious memory.

Svyatoslav Teofilovich ayyukan adana a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya:

• "Moscow".
• "Makarufo ta aikin".
• "Luna. China. "
• "Blue Danube."
• "Old kasa gidan."
• "Nina Mitiok a kan Rzhev".
• "Night da kuma rufin."
• "A wajen kudu na Armenia."
• "The Katolika coci."
• "Pavshino".
• "Faɗuwar rana a Skatertny".
• "The Church a Pererva".
• "Blizzard".
• "Ka ɗauka, a balan-balan."
• "Yerevan".
• "Mourning".
• "Spring hadari."
• "Street a Beijing."

Awards da lakabobi

Sviatoslav Richter - piano, wanda gaskiya da aka bayar da dama lambobin yabo da lakabi. Shi ne mai girmamawa jama'a na Turusov. Ya samu title na jama'ar kasar Artist da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma daga baya na RSFSR. Ya aka bayar da Lenin da Stalin Prize. Pianist ya cibiyar Doctor of Strasbourg da kuma Oxford Jami'o'in. Richter aka bayar da Order of "Oktoba juyin juya halin", "Domin Service ga Fatherland." A mawaki ya kuma samu lambobin yabo: Leonie Sonning, Glinka, Schumann, F. Abbiati, "Truimf" da "Grammy". Svyatoslav Theofilovich - Amirul Order of Arts da Haruffa (France), Hero of Socialist Labor kuma memba na Academy of Art a Moscow. Kuma wannan ba wani cikakken jerin sunayen sarauta da kuma lambobin yabo.

Nina Dorliac

A 1943 ya sadu da nan gaba matarsa, Sviatoslav Richter. Personal rayuwa mawaki, duk da kasancewar ta mata, ya ko da yaushe aka kewaye da jita-jita, da liwadi. Svyatoslav kansa Theofilovich ba sharhi a kan jita-jita, da kuma fi so sirri rai ba ya juya zuwa cikin jama'a yankin. Richter da matarsa Nina Dorliac - operatic soprano, jama'ar kasar Artist na Tarayyar Soviet da kuma RSFSR. Ms. Nina sau da yawa yi a gungu da Svyatoslav Richter. Ba da da ewa ta zama matarsa. Bayan barin mataki, sai ya fara koyarwa. Tun shekarar 1947 ya farfesa a Moscow kide. Ms. Nina mutu kasa da shekara guda bayan da mijinta ya mutu Rihter Svyatoslav. Yara, iyali, abokai da kuma duk sauran jin daxi na rayuwa, bisa ga mawaki, ba domin shi, ya ji da yake da shi don su bada kansa ga art. Ko da yake matarsa ne har yanzu akwai, kuma ya zauna da ita shekaru 50, amma yara sun yi. Kuma aurensu da aka sabon abu. Wife kira juna a kan ku, kuma kowannensu na da nasu dakin. Apartment a cikin abin da suka rayu, Nina L. gãdar da Museum of Fine Arts mai suna bayan A. S. Pushkina.

Apartment Museum

A 1999 a Moscow, a cikin wani Apartment a kan Bolshaya Bronnaya Street, inda ya rayu Sviatoslav Richter, da gidan kayan gargajiya da aka bude. A nan, furniture, na sirri mallakarmu, bayanin kula, hotuna - dukan abin da yake da girma pianist. The Apartment ba marmari kewaye. Salon da kuma halin da mai shi ya ji ko'ina. A babban dakin, wanda da pianist da ake kira "zauren", da aka yi amfani da rehearsals. Yana da daraja da kuka fi so mawaki piano. Yanzu a cikin wannan dakin suna gudanar da kallon fina-finai da kuma sauraron wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. A ofishin akwai kabad tare da bayanin kula, kaset, concert kayayyaki, faranti da kuma kyautai daga abokai da kuma magoya. A akwatin littattafai ne rubutum na Sergei Prokofiev - aka rubuta da shi Tara Sonata, wanda aka keɓe wa pianist. A cikin binciken - babban yawan littattafai, musamman Svyatoslav Rihter dadin karanta litattafansu: Pushkin, T. Mann, A. Block, A. Chekhov, Bulgakov, Pasternak, Dostoevsky, da dai sauransu Room mawaki hutu .. wanda ya kira "kore", sai ya juya a cikin m, a waɗannan kwanaki, idan S. Richter ya kide. Bugu da kari ga music, kamar yadda muka ambata, da pianist sha'awar zanen. Ya kasance ba kawai a connoisseur, amma kuma an artist. A cikin wani karamin dakin - wani real nuni da zane-zane. A nan ne pastels Svyatoslava Rihtera, kazalika da ayyukan daban-daban artists. A pianist sau da yawa shirya art nune-nunen a cikin gidansa. shiryar da Tours, a cikin abin da dole ya hada da sauraron audio da video duba a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya-Apartment. Bugu da kari, akwai marece na music.

Ƙwaƙwalwar na makadi

A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da fice pianist a shekarar 2011 a birnin Zhitomir shigar a plaque. Sunansa shi ne kasa da kasa Piano Competition. A dama birane, Monuments Richter kafa ST - a Yahotyn (Ukraine) da kuma Bydgoszcz (Poland). A Moscow Sviatoslav Richter mai suna titi.