Ban sha'awa facts game da Turkey. Description Turkey. Tarihi, Culture

Turkey - shi ne ba wai kawai wata rare yawon shakatawa yankin, amma kuma cibiyar da yawa na tarihi da suka faru, da kuma jihar da musamman al'adu. Gine-gine da gani da kuma sabon abu hadisai na wannan kasa ja hankalin mutane a duniya. Mene ne Gwargwadon fasali na Turkey? The ƙwarai labarin ta? Abin da za a iya gaya mana game da ita art, al'ada da kuma kwastan? Bari mu gani a daki-daki.

Gwargwadon matsayi

Fara ban sha'awa facts game da Turkey ne ta musamman matsayi - shi ne located in ta Kudu-Gabashin Turai da kudu maso yammacin Asiya a lokaci guda. Its tsawon daga yamma zuwa gabas ne goma sha shida da ɗari kilomita, kuma daga arewa zuwa kudu - da ɗari shida. Babban kashi nufin da Anatolian Larabawa, wanda kuma aka sani a karkashin sunan "Malaya Aziya". Tekuna kewaye Turkey, da ake kira Black, Aegean da kuma Rum. A farko da aka located a arewa, yayin da wasu biyu - a yamma da kuma kudu. Bugu da kari, akwai Dardanelles da Bosphorus. Turai da Asiya sassa rabu da ruwa, da teku nassi cewa haɗu da Black Sea da Aegean Sea. A karshen ne ma wani lokacin kira Marmara. Mountains in Turkey ne quite mai ban sha'awa ɓangare na ƙasa, don haka ba za a iya kira da bayyana taimako. A matsakaicin tsayi da surface yankin na jihar - dubu mita saman teku matakin. The most dutse a Turkey - shi ne Pontic da Taurus. Tsororuwar ne a cikin Kaçkar dubu uku da ɗari tara da talatin da daya mita.

Borders, kuma yawan

The most birnin a Turkey ne Istanbul. Yana rubuta fiye da miliyan goma da mazaunanta. A manyan size of dozin daban-daban birane - inda fiye da miliyan daya rayuwarsu. A yankin na jihar ne da ɗari bakwai da tamanin dubu da ɗari biyar da tamanin da murabba'in kilomita. Tekuna kewaye Turkey, Halicci halitta iyaka a ko'ina cikin teku, wanda lullube bakwai dubu da ɗari biyu kilomita. Total Turkey aka kẽwayesu da takwas kasashen. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Girka, Iran, Iraki da kuma Siriya. Duration iyakokin na dubu biyu da ɗari shida da arba'in da takwas kilomita, kuma mafi tsawo ne daya da cewa ya raba kasar daga Syria - ɗari takwas da ashirin da biyu kilomita.

A mafi m yankuna na Turkey ne a kan Coast - shi ne garin Kemer, Side, Alanya, Marmaris da Antalya. Wadannan sunayen sun saba wa yawon bude ido, amma a wannan dama labarin kasa da tarihi kamata ka sani game da kasar, da kuma sauran abubuwa. Alal misali, babu kasa ban sha'awa to ziyarci yawa tsibiran Turkey - misali, wata kunya Pashalimany - wani picturesque wuri tare da coves kuma m ciyayi.

A tsohon tarihin kasar

A karo na farko da wani mutum ya bayyana a kan na gida ƙasashe wani bakwai da rabi shekara dubu BC. Amma sai sabon jihohin da aka halitta kuma ya bace da ka, don haka yin shirki da cewa kwanan wata da yawan shekaru a Turkey, ba shi yiwuwa - a wancan zamani mai gaba daya daban-daban kasar. Daga cikinsu akwai mai warriors Masarawa, da Suriyawa da Anatolian, da al'ummai hadu. Babu kwanciyar hankali ba ya wanzu. A cikin ɗari biyu da saba'in da tara BC Celts kafa birni a kasar - yanzu shi ne da aka sani a matsayin babban birnin kasar Turkiyya, Ankara. Sa'an nan ya zo cikin Roman lokaci na tarihi. Yana wãtsa a kan ƙasa na da tasiri na Kiristoci da kuma babban birnin jihar ya Konstantinoful. Sarkin sarakuna Giustinian kumbura ƙasar Byzantine Empire zuwa Balkans, Afirka ta Arewa, Anatoliya, da kuma kama Italiya. Bayan wani lokaci, da sakamako rage, da kuma Turks sarrafawa kadai ƙasar zamani jihar, kazalika da Iraki da kuma Iran. New flowering faru tare da zuwan Ottoman Empire, wanda aka mika zuwa tsakiyar Turai.

zamani tarihi

A rubucen da kuma hambarar da m a tarihin Turkiyya jihar. A farkon karni na ashirin bayanin Turkey matsayin iko daular shi ne har yanzu quite gaskiya, amma hadarin da aka riga gabatowa. Wrong tafi WWI ya da girman karshen. A twenties akwai wani yaki for 'yancin kai da kuma sultanate da aka soke. A zamanin mulkin Ataturk kundin tsarin mulkin da aka soma da kuma soke yawa ra'ayin mazan jiya addini dokoki. Mata tsiwirwirinsu 'yancin kada kuri'a, kasar dimokuradiyya da aka kafa. A hanya ne a kan ci gaban ci gaba har zuwa karshen karni. A farkon shekara ta ashirin da farko shi ne babban bege na Turkish Accession zuwa EU. A lokacin wannan ba zai yiwu ba saboda gaskiyar cewa yankuna da dama na Turkey ne daban-daban tattalin arziki rashin zaman lafiya da kuma saurin kai farmaki Kurdawa. Separatism ne mai zafi batun. Idan Kurdish batun da aka ba a warware, Ankara ba zai zama daya daga cikin manya na Tarayyar Turai.

Architecture of Turkey

By nazarin ban sha'awa facts game da Turkey, kamata koyi ba kawai game da tarihi da labarin kasa location, amma kuma game da al'adu - da dama art siffofin ne da muhimmanci sosai ga kowane gida mazaunin. Bari mu fara da gine-gine. An bambanta da mai ban sha'awa iri-iri kusan a kowace birni. Dalili na yi ya dade aiki a matsayin wani dutse daga wanda tubalan da aka yi. Yankuna daban-daban na Turkey iya fariya irin wannan jan hankali a matsayin masallaci, da kagara, makarantu, baho, kasuwanni da kuma caravanserais. Suna rufe da fale-falen, ornamental sassaƙa, masu launin yumbu fale-falen. Mãkirci ga ta ne tsire-tsire, na lissafi siffofi da kuma calligraphic inscriptions. Top gine-gine art su da yawa gine-gine na Istanbul, kamar Hagia Sophia - sanannen coci a Turkey, wakiltar mahara ƙungiyõyi.

gargajiya sassaka

Wasu mutummutumai kiyaye su a cikin Turkey kasance a cikin tsohon shafukan a tarihin jihar. Suna located a kan monumental gine-gine a matsayin ado. A bisa ga al'ada daya adadi ake kasaftawa ga embossed katangu. Sau da yawa wani mutum-mutumi sanya a kan sasanninta, kuma a kan pediments na maharibai. Saboda gaskiya cewa Musulmi addini ya hana cikin hoton na mutane da dabbobi, da sculptural art na ra'ayin mazan jiya addini lokaci ne sau da yawa sosai iyakance, don haka mai m tarin siffofi Turkish gidajen tarihi ba zai iya fariya.

zanen

Ban sha'awa facts game da Turkey da kuma gida art iya zama quite m. An m yawan misalai kawai bai yi hukunci ba da tsoho al'adar zanen mai yiwuwa ne kawai daga rubuce-rubucen da suke yi ado, da kuma miniatures amfani a cikin yadi gama ɗaukakar da sultan. Yankuna daban-daban na Turkey iya fariya nasu makarantu na rubutun, don haka na musamman rubutu style za a iya kira wani irin canza na gargajiya zuwa duniya na zanen. Just karshe zane-zane bambanta rudeness launuka da kuma mai kusurwa siffofi ba tare da romantic image. A lokaci guda, duk da haka, su ne quite m da jitu. Modern wakilan zanen shiryar da dokoki na Turai Masters, da kuma wahayi zuwa gare ta yammacin hadisin.

Arts and crafts

Description Turkey shi yiwuwa ba tare da ambata irin wannan fasaha. Mutane da yawa daga cikin gine-gine, har ma ya fi yau da kullum hali ake yi wa ado da zane-zane, a ado samu a kan kayayyakin da iyali abubuwa. Domin zane amfani stylized motifs depicting shuke-shuke, da dabbobi, da kuma furanni. Part na mãkirci ne wani jirgin ruwa tare da wani ze tashi, a furannin tulips, carnations, irises, hyacinths. Amfani ga zanen da kore, ja da launin ruwan kasa, da kuma shudi Paint. Wani kowa fasaha da aka saƙa - mai haske ja masana'anta da zinariya ko azurfa juna a high bukatar. Bugu da kari, duniya-sanannen Turkish kyãwãwa. Suna bambanta da wani low-key launi da wani asali abun da ke ciki. Wasu yankuna na Turkey da kuma sanannen domin samar da sassaka katako abubuwa, karfe makamai da kuma jita-jita, m tukwane da kuma earthenware.

adabi

Mutane da yawa ban sha'awa facts game da Turkey za a iya samu daga kafofin kamar littattafan da gida mawallafa. Ancient al'adu ne da sauki koyi daga cikin ayyukan halitta a lokacin mulkin Seljuk a cikin Lãrabci. A kotu kasida da cewa lokaci ya rubuta a cikin Persian. Don sun tsira da tsoho tatsuniyoyi, Legends, myths, karin magana, songs, kuma ko da misali da barkwanci. Wallafe-wallafen da ayyuka a baya halitta na musamman a Shayari - a irin wannan salon da jarumtan kuma ya yabi da hukumomi.

A lokacin karkatar Ottoman Empire, da Turks rubuta wani satirical littafin, fallasa cin hanci da rashawa, almubazzaranci, mugun rayuwa da buguwa. Talakawa litattafan kawai amfani da kimiyya da ayyuka - aiki a kan addini, magani, tarihi. Wallafe-wallafe a cikin al'ada ji fito gwada da marigayi, don haka labari, kasada ko zamantakewa litattafan kazalika da plays yawanci nema a mayar da m. A tsawon lokaci, da Turkish harshen da aka Sauki, kuma shi ne yanzu a cikin littattafai, ya ba daban-daban daga cikin mutane.

Turkish abinci

Cin abinci ne daya daga cikin key abubuwa na Eastern al'adu. Turkish abinci yana daga cikin mafi arziki a duniya dadin dandano. Wasu jita-jita iya gano asiran da kuma kasashen waje, da kuma wasu za su iya shirya kawai sosai samu dafa. Abin sha'awa, a kowane yanki - nasu na gargajiya jita-jita. Sabanin ra'ayin cewa Oriental abinci ma kaifi, da kayan yaji ana amfani da moderation. Mutane daya-daya amfani shi ne, da yawa daga cikin jita-jita don cin ganyayyaki - Turkish jita-jita ne bambance bambancen da ake shirya ba kawai nama, amma kuma daga wani iri-iri na kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma dukkan nau'o'in hatsi.

kwastan

Don fahimtar rayuwar mazauna yankin, wajibi ne a san wasu daga su dokoki. Alal misali, mata a baki hotuna da aka haramta, da kuma maza da su nẽmi izni. Shigar da wani masallaci, ko a zaman gida, da Turks da yaushe dauki kashe su takalma da kuma bar shi a wurin ƙõfar. Idan akwai hadarin don samun rasa, za ka iya ƙara takalma a cikin jaka da kuma kai shi tare da ku. A Turks taba sha barasa a kan tituna. A mafi m, cewa zai iya yin wani baƙo - ya gauraye da kasar tare da Girka. A bukatarsa wargi game Atatürk - duk da wasu shortcomings, shi ya kasance mafi sõyuwa kasa gwarzo a wannan rana. Wani tsanani kuskure - kira Istanbul Konstantinoful. A tsohon sunan mallakar Byzantine babban birnin kasar, wanda ya lashe Ottoman. Yin amfani da shi, za ka iya tsanani m da kuma nuna jahilcinsa a tarihi. Kuma, ba shakka, ba za a gauraye - babban birni a kasar ne Ankara.