Bird Golden Plover: description da kuma hotuna

Golden Plover ba zai iya gadara da haske dogon wutsiya ko m shahararre plumage. Amma wannan migratory tsuntsu jiran da kuma son a kasashe da dama da mutuncin canjin yanayin. Alal misali, a Iceland an yi imani da cewa shi ya kawo a kan fikafikan spring. Tare da sama swarms zinariya plovers daura da m zafi.

taƙaitaccen bayanin

Golden plover - wani tsuntsu na domin Charadriiformes. The tawagar hada da wani yawan iyalai, sõyayya da sunan Charadriidae da plovers tseren hada da akalla 4 iri. Musamman Plover zinariya a kan Pluvialis apricaria Latin classified a matsayin kudancin subspecies.

Domin zinariya plovers halayyar ba sosai manyan size. ta jiki tsawon ne yawanci kasa da 29 cm Maximum nauyi, wanda shi ne iya gyara, 220 wingspan na tsuntsu - .. daga 65 zuwa 76 cm zinariya plover ne a bit m. A cikin wani karamin tsuntsu ta kai an taso keya, m jiki da kuma elongated bakin ciki kafafu.

launi

Launi tsuntsaye dabam cikin rayuwar. A babba gefen (shugaban, wuyansa, baya da kuma wani ɓangare na wutsiya) tare da launin toka-kasa-kasa roɗi-roɗi zinariya impregnations. Wannan taimaka zinariya plover plumage daidai saje da suke kewaye da yanayi, ya kange daga maƙiya. A cikin ma'abota kakar maza bayyana kayan ado na baki gashinsa, fringed da fari bambanci stripe. Black tabo za a iya fara a makogwaro, dama karkashin baki, da kuma ja ta cikin ciki zuwa sosai wutsiya. launi bambanci tsakanin maza da mãtã suna janyo hankalin. A mace a matsayin namiji ma yana da duhu launin gashi a kan ciki. Amma shi ne, ba haka m da kuma baki, don haka ba haka m.

The aure launi rike da maza kusan karshen watan Agusta. A hankali shi fades da aka maye gurbinsu "hunturu" alkalami. A kiwo kakar (daga tsakiyar zuwa marigayi Yuni) kyau baki gaba-gaba har yanzu akwai, da kuma kafin tashi (farkon watan Satumba) da dress canji gaba daya kare.

Sun Golden Plover fentin kadan daban. Shin kajin ciki rufe da fari taushi Stylus. A baya launin toka-zinariya, da bakin ciki da farin ratsi. Sun girma shi ne gaba ɗaya rawaya launi na nono da kuma cikinsa da kananan duhu ma'auni. Black gaba-gaba ba a cikin matasa maza.

Adult launi zinariya plover samu a shekara. A wannan lokaci, da haihuwa matasa zumunta bambanta kawai jihar ~ en fitar da wutsiya gashinsa. A mazan tsuntsaye gashin tsuntsu 'yan obnosheno.

Tsuntsu, wanda photo da aka sanya a cikin jirgin, da m bambancin launi saman da kasa na reshe. A zinariya plover a cikin kiwo launin gashi kuma hunturu saka launi ƙananan ɓangare na reshe ne fari, tare da launin ruwan kasa gashinsa a baya.

baza

Golden plovers fi son bude dausayi, mai tsayi fadamun, marar amfani, ko tundra. A fannin rarraba - arewacin Turai. Winter tsuntsaye a Birtaniya Tsibirin da yammaci da kuma kudancin ƙasar Turai. A gaskiya faru ne a cikin ƙasa na Iceland da kuma Birtaniya, kamar dai yadda Siberia cibiyar. A kan ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Turai, da tsuntsu ya kusan bace.

Dukan tsuntsayen plover iyali shi ne mafi dace don duba a kan Wadden bakin teku shallows. Wadannan yankuna na ƙasar sunyi ambaliya a lokacin high tides, kuma low tides, bayan da suka bar wani babban adadin na abinci.

A feed

A rage cin abinci na wannan tsuntsaye ne sosai bambancin. Yafi kwari menu, tsutsotsi kuma katantanwa. Wannan abinci a cikin manyan yawa za a iya samu a ƙasa. Golden Plover a cikin manyan yawa ci beetles, daban-daban larvae, dragonflies da gizo-gizo. Watakila wani abun ciye-ciye na tsakiya-sized kofe na fari. Tsayawa ya huta a lokacin hijirarsa, zinariya plover ciyarwa a kan molluscs da crustaceans. Kayan lambu abinci a rage cin abinci ne ma ba, amma a kananan yawa. Wannan na iya zama da tsaba, kore shuke-shuke da kuma wetland jinsunan berries.

hanyar rayuwa

Golden plovers sau da yawa rayuwa a mazauna, da suka hada da wakilan ba kawai ta irin, amma kuma sauransu. Yana iya zama curlews ko Ulitka. A ra'ayi na nesting yankunan samu a tsakiyar dab snow. Tsuntsu na gida da aka shirya a ƙasa rami. Mafi sau da yawa suka koyi da marshy hillocks (bumps) ko cikin kafa na Pine itatuwa. Places ake zaba netravyanistye kauce wa kusanci bushes kuma raw na ruwa yankunan. Duk da haka, sosai sandararriyar ƙasar, tare da sparse ciyayi zinariya plover kuma ba na son. Mutane da yawa plovers komawa zuwa yankin a bara ta yi sheƙarsu. A lokacin da courtship da biyu - spring.

A tsuntsu tashi kama kifi rana, amma idan da abinci ne kananan, zinariya plovers iya farautar da kuma da yamma.

Spring hijirarsa na zinariya plovers a gidajensu gudanar daga Maris har kashi na biyu na Afrilu. Kaka don warmer climes tsuntsaye tashi a watan Satumba - Nuwamba.

Abin da zinariya plovers murya?

Hakika, da zinariya plover ba hammaya da Nightingale, amma ta song ne cike da peculiar fara'a. Male song kira tokovanie. Shi yakan high a cikin iska da kuma tokuet gaba ɗaya flapping fuka-fuki. Bikin aure song ko da yaushe kunshi ayoyi biyu sassa. A kashi na farko na namiji sa a raba biyu-syllabic tsarkakewa. Wannan shi ne mai kyau da kuma unhurried part cewa an maimaita sau da yawa tare da 'yan Tashoshi. A kashi na biyu na wani gaggãwa courtship, kuma shi whistles sauti ba tare da gibba.

Idan wani tsuntsu a cikin gida damu, shi samun m shẽwa da wani bakin ciki sautin. A wannan yanayin, da monosyllabic sauti, maimaita kuma monotonous. A wannan monosyllabic whistles zinariya plovers resonate a shirya.

haifuwa

Kudu Golden Plover nesting fara a 1-2 shekaru. Mutane da yawa yearling tsuntsaye duk lokacin rani ta yawo daga wuri zuwa wuri. Bayan zabi da Ramin sarari ga tsuntsaye shi ne liyi tare da wani lokacin farin ciki Layer shuka abu. The mace kayansa mãsu 4 qwai, da tazara tsakanin su iya zama 2-4 kwanaki. qwai tsawo na game da 52 mm, su launi - rawaya-kasa-kasa. A wannan yanayin, da launin ruwan kasa spots suna located kusa da m gefen kwai.

Zaune a kan masonry iyali na plovers faru kwanaki 30. Namiji da mace, kai jũya yin shi. Sa'an nan kuma akwai da kajin cewa daga farko kwanaki sun fara nuna 'yancin kai. Kananan tsuntsãye, photos na wanda ya haddasa fashewa da tausaya, a gaskiya, na iya zarar samar da nasu abincin. Baby iyaye suna bukatar karin kariya daga yara. Ba dole ne a ce cewa zinariya plover - m kadan tsuntsaye! Su selflessly tafi da yara daga sheƙarsu da kajin pretending da za a samu rauni. Kamar haka ne dole ne, nisan tsakanin su da predator yi kadan to batattu sha'awa, kuma bai kõma zuwa gida.

Yawan da matakan tsaro

Yawan kudancin zinariya plovers cikin Rasha ba ya wuce 2 dubu nau'i-nau'i. A lokacin bazara da kaka hijirarsa crosses da ƙasa na kasar mu game da 500 mutane. Rage yawan zinariya plover ne saboda harbi da kuma bacewar kiwo shafukan.

Tun da yankin na zinariya plover yana da iyaka, da kuma yawan faduwa, tsuntsu da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha.