Crimea shuke-shuke: description da kuma hotuna

Crimean Flora ne sosai sabon abu da kuma bambancin. A yankin, akwai 2,500 jinsunan daji shuke-shuke. Wannan shi ne mai ban sha'awa adadi. Ya kamata a lura, da kuma bambancinsa da Flora. Ga akwai 250 endemic jinsunan, watau. E. Tsire-tsire irin waɗanda a ko'ina kuma a duniya ba za a iya hadu. Bugu da kari, da Crimea ne mai arziki a cikin sauran kaya - shuke-shuke da aka kiyaye su ba tare da wani canji ga miliyoyin shekaru.

tarihi baya

Crimea shuke-shuke mayalwaci bincika. Amma zai har yanzu a kai a kai sanya gano sabon nau'in. A dalilin wannan ne musamman da suka bambanta wannan yanki. Kamar yadda muka gani, da Crimean tsire-tsire ne sosai bambancin. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, a ko'ina a cikin sashin adjoin tsire-tsire ne sosai daban-daban dabam. Daga cikin su akwai relicts da endemics. Bugu da kari, da yawa related shuke-shuke daga sosai yankuna daban-daban na Black Sea: Caucasus, da Balkans, Asia Ƙananan. A irin wannan sabon abu ne alaka da tarihi na Crimea.

Bayan duk, shi ne asali a secluded duwatsu sashin, wanda ga dubban shekaru da yawa sau da shi shiga, shi disconnects ƙasa ƙasar gadoji da babban yankin (ƙasashe na Caucasus, Asia Ƙananan, da Balkans, da Gabas Turai Bayyana). Saboda shuke-shuke sun samo asali da kuma Crimea. Kada mu manta cewa fiye da dubu jinsunan m samfurori da aka kawo ta mutumin na shekaru dubbai na tarihin wannan ƙasa. Saboda haka shi ya faru da cewa Flora na sashin ya samu irin wannan m da bambance bambancen look.

A canji ciyayi zones

Wata sifa ta Crimea ne mai matukar bayyana canji ciyayi daga arewa zuwa kudu.

A arewacin sashin - shi ne mai m steppe. A halin yanzu, mafi yawansu sun dade da aka nome, amma saboda waɗannan ƙasashe sun rasa su halitta siffar. Asali bayyanar riƙe kawai ne ga waɗanda yankunan da ba su dace da aikin noma. Wannan gishiri Marshes, gullies, ravines da m filayen.

A cikin yankin na tsaunukan na steppe canza zuwa gandun daji. Akwai da, ban da steppe shuke-shuke girma jinsuna, kamar Juniper, itacen oak furry, pear loholistaya, ya tashi, Kasashen Musulmi hornbeam, da sauransu. D.

Bugu da ari, da kudu, gandun daji hankali maye gurbinsu oak gandun daji, wanda yin up 60 bisa dari na duka gandun daji plantations wannan yanki. A Crimea, su ne wajen bakin ciki da kuma haske.

Tare da tsayi itacen oak gandun daji ba da hanyar Beech. 200-250-shekara itatuwa suna dukar a su iko da ciki primeval kyakkyawa. Yana da kullum sosai ciki, babu ko da undergrowth da ciyawa cover, akwai kawai wani lokacin farin ciki Layer auku ganye. A tsawon dubban mitoci na babbar mai girma beeches an maye gurbinsu da gnarled, tsumburai itatuwa.

A saman katako m lebur kololuwa cewa an rabu da juna sosai zurfin kafa. Externally kama da dutsen da makiyaya steppe. A nan ne yake da kwata na duk endemic jinsunan wannan yanki.

Bugu da ari, kusa da teku, shi ne wani sashi na Beech, Pine da kuma Pine gandun daji, wanda ya kunshi Crimean Pine da Scots Pine. Akwai nan kuma itatuwan oak, Beech, hornbeam. Halitta Pine gandun daji mafi furta a kan kudancin bakin tekun, wanda ba gaskiya ba ne na kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare.

Kudu Beach

Bugu da ari kudu fara shiblyakovy bel kunshi hornbeam, itacen oak furry, Juniper, strawberry itace, pistachio, kuma da yawa wasu fari-resistant shuke-shuke. A sauyin yanayi na kudu-maso-gabas ne sosai bushe saboda shiblyak sosai sosai rare.

Kuma a nan a kan ta Kudu Coast suna quite m. A general, ciyayi na kudancin tekun kusa da Rum, amma sosai canza mutum. Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa shagaltar da mura, da gonaki, da gonakin inabi, hanya. Kuma hannun mutum ne aka kafa m Parks, wanda girma a kan sashin shigo da nau'in. Tunanin cewa da yawa shuke-shuke na kudancin bakin tekun na Crimea sun rayu a nan domin kusan shekaru 200 da. A halin yanzu, duk da wuraren shakatawa sun zama wani ɓangare na janye da ta Kudu Coast. Daga cikin su akwai shahara Alupkinsky, Foros, Livadia, Massandra, Gurzuf Parks. Kuma cewa shi kadai da daraja duk da sanannen Nikita Botanical Garden, wanda ya ƙunshi ba kawai Crimea shuka (photos aka nuna a cikin labarin), amma kuma da yawa na shigo da m nau'in.

Dole ne in ce cewa Parks da kansu da dogon aka blended da na halitta Evergreen thickets da dokoki mai jiwuwa dukan.

Crimea reserves

Crimea shuke-shuke tsaro da dokokin. A cikin sashin halitta hudu kaucewa sabon ajiye da kuma goma sha shida reserves. Karkashin kariya ne ma halitta Monuments, halitta reserves, kare Parks.

Kusa da Nikitsky Botanical lambu ne a ajiye "Cape Marian." Har ila yau, a kan sashin ne Yalta Reserve, Karadag yanayi ajiye, inda rare shuke-shuke suna tattara Crimea. Wannan shi ne kawai karamin sashi na kare yankunan a cikin wannan yankin. Dukan su ne na musamman da kuma ban sha'awa a kansa hanya, kafin kowane ne da kansa matsalar adana relict da kuma wadan da shuke-shuke. A wannan labarin, za mu so mu bayar da bayanin wasu daga cikinsu.

Beech

Beech - Beech ne HALITTAR cikin iyali. A Crimea tsiro iri biyu: talakawa da kuma easterly. Dukansu biyu suna da wani regal bayyanar da taka muhimmiyar gona da ruwa kiyayewa rawa. Rayuwa itace daga 250 zuwa 350 shekaru. Yana blooms a karon farko a cikin shekaru 30 da shekaru, kuma watakila ma 60 ko 80 shekaru. Blossoms a watan Afrilu, tare da lokaci daya bude da leaflets. Kaka itace kwayoyi bayyana. Suka ciyar a kan sunadarai, barewa, aladu, barewa. Very m ne Beech mai, shi ne ba na baya zuwa da kaddarorin na zaitun.

To, da na itace, da ba zai iya magana. Godiya ta zuwa ga na musamman dukiyar da ake amfani da su sa ganga domin tsada giya, dabe, kida, yachts. A baya, da itatuwa aka sare mana a cikin Crimea. Kuma yanzu an karesu. Garka a kan Ai-Petri a general ne mai kiyayewa yankin.

oak

Oak nasa ne da Beech iyali. A cikin duka, akwai a kusa da 450 jinsunan wannan shuka. A haushi da kuma itace daga cikin itacen da aka sosai gõdadde. A Crimea, quite rare downy oak, wanda shi ne gida zuwa fiye da shekara dubu. Wannan a nan shi ne a karni shuka ne dake kusa Foros. Ya girth - biyar da rabi mita. A Bakhchisaray samu kusa da wata bishiya a cikin karkara na takwas mita. Back a 1820 toshe kwalaba ɗan kurmi da aka dage farawa a cikin Nikitsky lambu, wanda bunƙasa wannan rana. Masana kimiyya lambu aka zaunar da dutse itatuwan oak a kusa da Kudu Coast. Yanzu, wannan shuka ne Kudancin Crimea.

strawberry itãciya

Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Crimea ne don haka bambancin da cewa ba su gushe gigice. A Kudu Beach - na musamman da wuri, wani ɓaɓɓake daga subtropics, inda akwai sosai musamman shuke-shuke da, a cikin manufa, ba zai iya daukar tushen a cikin wannan yankin, amma godiya ga na musamman microclimate halitta da duwãtsu, sai suka daidai ji a gida a nan.

Daya daga cikin wadannan tsire-tsire ne da strawberry itace. Yana da wani Evergreen itace, da kan ashirin jinsin girma a Arewacin Amirka da kuma Rum. A Crimea, da shuka da aka samu kawai a kan kudancin bakin tekun. An kiyaye a cikin wadannan wurare tun da zurfi na lokaci, shi ne a yanzu ke rubuce a cikin Littafi Red. The itacen ya kai wani tsawo na shida mita. An halin intricately Twisted akwati da kuma dõmin karkatarwa da iyakar rassan. A itace 'ya'yan itatuwa suna kafa, sosai kama da strawberries. Su ne quite edible. Saboda shuke-shuke da ado bayyanar, su ne ladabi a wuraren shakatawa na Larabawa. Kuma a cikin kusanci da Gaspra yana da 'yan itatuwa, wanda shekaru, bisa ga masana kimiyya, shi ne kusa da shekara dubu.

ɓaure,

Ɓaure, kuma in ba haka ba kira da itacen ɓaure. Mahaifarsa - Rum. Dole ne in ce cewa yana da wani Evergreen shuka, shi yana da fiye da 800 jinsunan. Ga wani mutum na musamman da darajar ne 'ya'yan itãcen marmari. Sun ci sabo ne, bushe, dafa shi daga gare su, jam. Kullum shi ne mai matukar tsohon shuka a ƙasa ne, an girma daga a tarihi mai nisa. Duk da haka, kamar yadda daidai da shi ne ba a sani ba a lokacin da da kuma ta wanda aka tsĩrar da wannan itãciya a kan Crimean sashin. A halin yanzu, a cikin shahararrun Nikitsky lambu yana da 300 jinsunan da ɓaure. The itacen yana da karfi tushen tsarin. Saba zuwa mu furanni a kan itacen akwai. Amma 'ya'yan itace ne da aka ba jaka da tsaba a ciki.

Cupressus sempervirens

Wannan shi ne wani coniferous Evergreen itace. A Crimea shi ya fadi daga Girka. Acclimate shi a nan a zamanin da. Amma da taro rarraba samu a cikin 18th karni, a lokacin da da yawa shuke-shuke da aka kawo a kan Potemkin ta umarni. Evergreen cypress itacen yana da wani pyramidal siffar. Its needles ne sosai m ga tabawa. Cones ne kananan da kuma da wani zagaye siffar, kamar} wallon} afa ball. Cypress tsaba suna abinci ga mutane da yawa tsuntsaye: Dubonosov, woodpecker, kananan tsuntsaye, robins. Bugu da kari, itace aka sani na da waraka Properties.

A zamanin d Helenawa lura da kyau sakamako a kan cypress mutane da waxannan cututtukan huhu. Modern masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa, muhimman man fetur daga cikin itacen da karfi da bactericidal sakamako, wanda yake iya zuwa kashe staphylococcus, Koch Wand da sauran kwayoyin. Domin warkewa dalilai, yi amfani da kuma itace buds. Wood ne musamman m, shi ne resistant rot kuma yana da ban mamaki dandano. Ta yaba tun a tarihi mai nisa.

orchid

Orchids ne sosai na kowa a cikin tropics. Don wannan nau'in nasa ne duk aka sani yaji vanilla da kuma mai girma iri-iri iri girma a greenhouses. A Crimea akwai 39 jinsunan shuke-shuke, 20 na wanda za a iya samu a Balaclava. A cewar yanayin sararin samaniya, shi ne warmest wuri a kan dukan Kudu Coast. Yana ko da raha ake magana a kai a matsayin "Crimean Afirka." An saboda wannan dalilin, da yawa wadan da tsire-tsire da ake samu a nan.

The Red Littafi na Crimea. Tsire-tsire kunshe a shi

Crimea - shi ne na musamman da wuri, wanda ya kawo tare da gaske babban arziki da Flora da fauna. Kowane yawon shakatawa da suka ziyarci farko yankin, ba su gushe ba sha'awan da kyau da kuma ban mamaki shuke-shuke. Kuma akwai gaske ne, abin da ya gani, abin da sha'awan. Me ya kamata kawai arziki tarihi na wannan yankin.

Idan muka magana game da musamman shuke-shuke daga yankin, sai da yawa daga cikinsu suna karkashin kariyar da kuma dogon-jera a matsayin miyagun. Crimean shuke-shuke, kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin labarin da muka kawo ne da ban sha'awa sosai, kuma cancanci mafi cikakken hankali. Za mu kuma so su zauna a kan waɗanda jinsunan cewa daya dalili ko wata sun auku a cikin Red Littãfi. A total fiye da 250. A nan ne kawai da wasu daga cikinsu:

1. Horsetail kogin.
2. Kostenets m.
3. Kostentsi Arewa.
4. Juniper deltoid.
5. Maple Steven.
6. Ira m.
7. Dubravnaya cuff.
8. Albasa ja.
9. Hawthorn klinolistny.
10. Salvia pratensis.
11. Dandelion Crimea.
12. Tulip Bibirshteyna.
13. Inabi gandun daji.
14. Kamke Sea.
15. Cystoseira bearded.

Kullum a cikin littafin ya hada da: hvoschovye, gymnosperms, angiosperms, mosses da algae. Jerin mun ba kawai 'yan shuke-shuke da Crimea. Littafin kuma ya hada da mafi fadi jerin.

maimakon wani epilogue

Crimea - kaucewa musamman da kuma ban mamaki wuri. Bugu da kari ga m kyau, shi rinjayar da dũkiya da Flora. A duniya, watakila akwai mutane da yawa ba wuraren da za a iya fariya irin wannan arziki na Flora jinsunan, shigo da daga wasu yankuna da kuma samun saba wa sabon wuri.