Da sabuwar dabara na cikin karni na 19th

19-20 karni firtsi ne da yawa. A mafi muhimmanci da za a iya kira photo, Dynamite, aniline dyes for yadudduka. Bugu da kari, an gano mai rahusa hanyoyin da yin takarda, barasa, ƙirƙira sabon magunguna.

Fasaha ƙirƙirãwa na karni na 19th sun bayar da muhimmanci a ci gaban al'umma. Saboda haka, tare da taimakon gidan waya mutane iya aika saƙonni a cikin seconds daga daya karshen duniya zuwa wani. Ƙirƙira da gidan waya a 1850. A kadan daga baya, za mu fara bayyana gidan waya Lines. Graham Bell ƙirƙira tarho. Yau mutane ba zai iya kwatanta rayuwa ba tare da wannan samu.

Da sabuwar dabara na cikin karni na 19th a duk faɗin duniya, suna kai wa nuni a 1851 a Ingila. Yana da aka samu halartar game da dubu goma sha bakwai farfado. A m shekaru, wasu kasashe, wadannan da misali na Burtaniya, kuma ya fara shirya duniya nune-nunen da latest ci gaba.

Da sabuwar dabara na cikin karni na 19th zama mai iko impetus ga ci gaban sunadarai, kimiyyar lissafi, lissafi. A fasalin wannan lokaci ne da tartsatsi amfani da wutar lantarki. Masana kimiyya sun aka karatu lokacin electromagnetic taguwar ruwa da kuma tasiri a kan daban-daban kayan. Mun fara amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma magani.

Michael Faraday aka gani sabon abu na electromagnetic shigar da, electromagnetic ka'idar haske da aka tsara da James C. Maxwell. Genrih Gerts nuna cewa electromagnetic taguwar ruwa wanzu.

Da sabuwar dabara na cikin karni na 19th a fannonin magani da kuma ilmin halitta sun babu kasa gagarumin fiye da sauran kimiyya filayen. Great taimako ga ci gaban wadannan masana'antu da: Robert Koch ya gano causative wakili na da tarin fuka, Louis Pasteur, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ilimin da immunology, Klod Bernar, wanda aza harsashin ginin endocrinology. A cikin wannan karni da aka samu na farko X-ray image. Faransa likitoci Brissot da Lond hange wani harsashi a kai na haƙuri.

Da sabuwar dabara na cikin karni na 19th sun kasance a cikin filin na ilmin taurari. Wannan kimiyya suka fara samar hanzari a cikin wannan zamanin. Saboda haka, akwai wani sashe na ilmin taurari - Astrophysics, an karatu da kaddarorin wani sarari suKe jikinsu.

Great taimako ga ci gaban sunadarai gabatar Dmitri Mendeleev, ya gano da lokaci-lokaci dokar, a karkashin abin da tebur na sinadaran abubuwa da aka halitta. Table da ya ga a mafarki. Wasu annabta abubuwa da aka gano daga baya.

A farkon karni na 19th aka alama ta ci gaba da aikin injiniya da kuma masana'antu. A 1804 da mota da aka nuna da tururi engine. A cikin karni na 19th da ciki konewa engine da aka kafa. Wannan ya taimaka wajen ci na sauri wajen harkokin sufuri: jirãge, locomotives da kuma motoci.

A cikin karni na 19th fara gina railroads. A farko da aka gina a 1825 da Stephenson a Ingila. By 1840, tsawon hanyar jirgin kasa da aka game da 7700 km, a karshen karni na 19th shi game da 1,08 miliyan km.

An yi imani da cewa mutane suka fara amfani da kwakwalwa a cikin karni na 20th. Duk da haka, na farko prototypes na su riga an ƙirƙira a baya karni. Faransa Jacquard a 1804 ya bude hanyar shirin da loom. Da sabuwar dabara damar iko thread ta amfani da naushi cards, wanda dauke da ramuka a takamaiman wurare. Tare da wadannan takware nufin aikace-aikace na zare a cikin masana'anta.

Ƙirƙira a cikin marigayi 18th karni, lathes, a cikin karni na 19th an yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin masana'antar. Kayan aiki nasarar maye gurbin manual aiki, karfe aiki tare da high ainihin.

A karni na 19th ne da gaskiya da ake kira karni na "juyin juya halin masana'antu", jiragen kasa da kuma wutar lantarki. Wannan karni ya na da wani gagarumin tasiri a cikin duniya, kuma al'adun 'yan adam, da canza ta tsarin dabi'u. Da sabuwar dabara na lantarki fitilu, rediyo, tarho, motor kuma da yawa wasu gano haka sai mutum rayuwa da cewa lokaci.