Far East Amur damisa: description, photo

Yawancin mutane suna tunanin cewa damisa - su ne wakilan da Savannah na Afirka, ko da yake wani m subspecies na leopards za a iya samu a cikin Far East na kasar mu, kazalika a arewacin kasar Sin. Wannan subspecies aka mai suna Far Eastern Amur damisa. Haka kuma an da aka sani da Amur damisa.

Wannan predator da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. A nasa ne da subspecies, wanda shi ne kan gab da nau'i nau'i. The yawan Far Eastern damisa yau ne a wani mawuyacin hali.

A daidai wannan lokacin da cewa Amur Tiger - sanannen "dan uwan" - da girman da yawan jama'ar ya karu, kuma ya ba da bege don kula da wannan subspecies. An yi imani da cewa Amur damisa, da photo na wanda aka gabatar a wannan labarin, za a iya ceto ta hanyar aiwatar da daban-daban muhalli ayyukan.

Description of jinsunan

Wannan damisa yana da yawa rarrabe siffofin daga sauran 'yan cat. A lokacin rani gashi kai 2.5 cm a tsawon, kuma a cikin hunturu aka maye gurbinsu 7-cm. A sanyi Amur damisa yana da wani haske gashi launi da wani m-yellow inuwa a lokacin rani aka mamaye wani arziki da kuma Tsayayyar launuka.

Far East Amur damisa (dabba photos aka gabatar a wannan labarin) yana da dogon kafafu, kyale shi ya tafiya a kan dusar ƙanƙara da yardar kaina. The nauyi na maza ya kai 48 kg, ko da yake akwai kuma wakilan da ya fi girma breeds - 60 kg. Mãtan ku auna nauyi zuwa 43 kg.

mazauninsu

A farkon karni na 20th, da damisa da aka samu a kudancin Sikhote-Alin, kuma ma a kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na Lake Khanka, ko da yake a 'yan shekarun da shi akwai aka ba muhimmanci a kiyaye. A halin yanzu lokacin da Amur damisa yi kawaici a cikin dutsen gandun daji yankunan kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na Primorsky Abuja, inda wani sarari son na itacen al'ul-baki fir-m-Leaved gandun daji. Shi ne kasa readily kawaici deciduous gandun daji, musamman fumed oak gandun daji, yankin na wanda duk aka kara saboda da shekara-shekara gobara.

Wannan feline ance yankunan da tuddan, mai karko, watersheds kuma m outcrops. Its yankin a halin yanzu lokacin ya rage ga m girma na dutsen-da kuma maida hankali kawai iyaka yanki na 15 dubu sq. Km (a Primorye daga Gulf Pos'eta zuwa Razdolnaya kogin, kazalika a iyaka da Korea ta Arewa da kasar Sin).

tarihi rarraba

Yau subspecies rarraba aka rage zuwa kananan sulusi da murabba'i na asalin tarihi kewayo. Da farko, da Far Eastern damisa ya rayu a fadin arewa maso gabashin ɓangare na Manchuria, a cikin ƙasa na Heilongjiang da Jilin larduna, ciki har da, a cikin Bugu da kari, a yankin ruwan Koriya.

A rayuwa ta sake zagayowar da haifuwa

A Amur damisa jima'i balaga a shekaru na shekaru 3. A cikin daji, da rayuwar jama'a ne game da shekaru 15, yayin da a bauta - 20 years. A Amur damisa ma'abota kakar a cikin bazara. Zuriyar dabbobi hada 1-4 Pups. A cikin shekaru uku da watanni ne su weaning, matasa riba 'yancin kai a cikin 1.5 shekaru, da barin uwarsa to sai kai a Kadaitaccen rayuwa.

ginin zamantakewa

Amur damisa (hotuna da siffarta aka gabatar a wannan labarin) ya fi son Kadaitaccen nocturnal. Amma wasu daga cikin mazan bayan ma'abota iya zama tare da mãtansu, kazalika da su taimaka a cikin ilimi daga cikin matasa. Yana yakan faru ne cewa da dama maza a lokaci guda bi daya mace, kazalika da fada domin yiwuwar dabbar ta hanyar canjin da ita.

abinci

Dalili na rage cin abinci kunshi barewa, rekun karnuka, hares, kananan daji Boars, badgers, hange barewa.

babban barazana

Far East Amur damisa a cikin lokaci daga 1970 zuwa 1983, rasa fiye da 80% na da karkararta mazauninsu. Babban dalilai su ne: gobara, da gandun daji masana'antu, kazalika da canji na filayen noma. Amma ba duka aka rasa. A halin yanzu lokacin akwai dace da rayuwa dabba gandun daji. Yana yiwuwa a kare yankin daga cutarwa rinjayar mutum, a Bugu da kari, domin kara yawan size.

A rashin samarwa

Ya kamata a lura da cewa a kasar Sin akwai sararin wuraren da cewa su dace da mazauninsu, yayin da matakin na abinci bai isa ba ya kula da yawan jama'a a daidai matakin. A samar da girma iya kara saboda da shiri na jama'a yin amfani da gandun daji, kazalika da matakan da kariyar hoofed dabbobi. Far Eastern leopards to tsira kana bukatar ka sake cika da asali mazauninsu.

Haramtacciyar kasuwar na da farautar

A Amur damisa da aka kaiwa da komowar doka farauta saboda su hange Jawo da kyau. A binciken da tawagar a 1999 a karkashin sunan wani gwaji: sun kasance iya sake gina fata na namiji da mace Far Eastern damisa, sa'an nan sayar da shi ga $ 500 da kuma $ 1,000.

Wannan gwaji ya nuna cewa akwai doka kasuwanni ga irin kayayyakin da suke located kusa da mazauninsu na dabbobi. Kauyuka da aikin noma da aka kewaye da gandun daji inda wadannan dabbobi rayuwa. Saboda wannan akwai damar yin amfani da gandun daji da kuma farautar akwai wani karin tsanani matsalar fiye da a yankuna m daga mutane. Wannan al'amari ya shafi duka leopards da sauran dabbobi da fallasa su halaka saboda kudi da abinci.

Rigingimu da mutumin

Ya kamata a lura da cewa Amur damisa (dabba photos to sha'awan da kyakkyawa) ne musamman m, kamar yadda wani ɓangare na da rage cin abinci kunshi barewa. da mutum taimako da sauran karu a yawan barewa da alaka da darajar zankayensa hana damisa sami abinci a isa yawa.

Saboda akan rage deer yawan leopards ne sau da yawa a cikin search na abinci zo a deer gonaki. The masu wadannan ƙasashe sau da yawa kashe dabbobi domin kare su zuba jari.

inbreeding

A Amur damisa ne ma a cikin hatsarin karewa saboda yawan jama'a, wanda ke sa shi m zuwa iri-iri na bala'i, ciki har da cuta, da gandun daji gobara, canje-canje a mace-mace da kuma haihuwa rates, jima'i rabo, inbreeding ciki. Ya kamata a lura da cewa yanayin da ya lura da aminci, to, zai iya kai wa ga m kwayoyin matsaloli, tsakanin wanda shi ne rage a cikin adadin haihuwa.

Wadannan matings faruwa a wasu daga alƙarya da babban Cats, ko da yake kananan alƙarya ba ka damar haifar da outbreeding. Nazarin ya nuna cewa talakawan yawan 'yan maruƙa ya rage muhimmanci a cikin balagaggu mace.

Abin takaici, a yanzu lokacin da halin da ake ciki tare da Amur leopards za a iya daukan wani gaske m - don haka, a cikin shekaru ashirin da shekaru, yankin na da mazauninsu a kasar mu ya rage da kusan rabin, yayin da adadin da aka rage wa 'yan dozin sau. A sakamakon haka, a yau kiyãye Amur damisa.

The Red Littafi na Rasha Federation dauki dabba da farko category matsayin rarest, wanda shi ne a kan gãɓar rãmi na nau'i nau'i, tare da wani sosai ƙuntata range, wanda babban yawan ne a cikin kasar mu. A wannan yanayin, da damisa da aka a cikin Farko Aikace-aikacen na Yarjejeniyar buga da kuma a cikin Red Littãfi daga cikin kungiyar tarayyar domin kiyayewa Nature.