Harsunan hukuma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Wace harshe ne jami'i a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya?

The United Nations yana da wani membobinsu na babban yawan ƙasashe. Duk da haka, tattaunawar kasuwanci da rikodin wannan ƙungiya ne kawai aka gudanar ne kawai a cikin wasu harsuna da dama. Irin wannan jami'in Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, wanda aka kwatanta da ƙananan, an zaɓi shi ba bisa gangan ba. Sakamakon kyakkyawan tsari ne.

Harsuna shida

Kawai 'yan harsunan duniya ne aka gane su ne matsayin harsunan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Abubuwa masu yawa sun rinjayi zaɓin su, ciki har da haɗuwa. A cikin duka, akwai harsuna guda shida na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Wadannan sun haɗa da, ba shakka, harshen Rasha. Zaɓin zabi a cikin harshen Ingilishi da Sinanci - a cikin waɗannan harsuna, magana da mutane da yawa a duniya. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan, matsayi na harshen hukuma shine Larabci, Mutanen Espanya da Faransanci. Duk waɗannan harsuna suna cikin jama'a a cikin kasashe fiye da 100 na duniya, fiye da mutane miliyan 2,8 suna magana da su.

Tarihin tarihi

Tarihin harsuna masu amfani na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya fara bayan ƙarshen yakin duniya na biyu. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Yarjejeniya, da fursuna a Amurka 26/06/1945, aka asali hannu a biyar da harshen versions. Daga cikinsu babu Larabci. Wannan yana nunawa ta hanyar Mataki na ashirin da 111 na wannan takarda, wanda ya kuma karanta cewa dukan kofe, ko da kuwa harshe na tattarawa, ƙari ne.

A shekara ta 1946, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da dokoki wadanda aka buƙaci su bi da dukan harshe daidai, kuma ana amfani da harsuna guda biyar a dukkanin sassan da ke karkashin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A wannan yanayin, harshen da aka lissafa na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya an dauki jami'in, kuma Ingilishi da Faransa - ma'aikata. Bayan shekara guda, ƙungiyar ta kawar da buƙatar cewa harsunan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na al'ada, wanda a yanzu ya ƙunshi wurare guda biyar, ya kamata ya kasance matsayi ɗaya a wasu kungiyoyi.

A 1968, matsayi na ma'aikacin ya karbi harshen Rashanci, ɗaya daga cikin harsunan hukuma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.

A shekara ta 1973, an fassara harshen harshe a matsayin Sinanci. Har ila yau, a matsayin harshen Larabci, ya zama harshe mai aiki na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Ta wannan hanya dukkan harsunan hukuma sun zama ma'aikata guda ɗaya.

A shekara ta 1983, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta fahimci dukkanin harsuna guda shida na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A cikin wannan ƙungiya, sun zama ma ma'aikata kuma, a lokaci guda, ma'aikata.

Abin lura shi ne cewa duk da babban sakataren MDD da wani aiki da ilmi na Turanci da kuma Faransanci.

Amfani da harsuna

Ana amfani da harsuna na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a kowane irin tarurruka da tarurruka na wannan babbar ƙungiyar a girmanta. Musamman ma, ana amfani da su a cikin tsarin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da kuma ganawar shugabannin shugabannin majalisar. Harsunan da aka ambata a sama sun shafi Har ila yau Tattalin Arziki da Social.

Ma'anar wannan matsayi shi ne cewa kowane memba na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya yana da 'yancin yin magana da kowane daga cikin waɗannan harsunan hukuma. Duk da haka, wannan baya ƙayyadadden damarsa don amfani da wani harshe. Idan wakilin kowace ƙasa ba zai yi magana da harshen hukuma ba, masu fassarar lokaci ɗaya za su fassara zuwa harshen hukuma. Bugu da ƙari, aikin masu fassara guda ɗaya shine fassara daga harshe guda ɗaya zuwa sauran biyar.

Takardun a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

An gudanar da ofishin aiki a cikin kungiyar a cikin harsuna shida. Bugu da ƙari, idan an fassara wani takarda, alal misali, cikin harsuna guda huɗu, kuma ba a fassara sauran biyu ba, to, ba za a buga irin wannan takardun ba tare da fassarar a cikin dukan harsuna. Ikon ayoyin a cikin wannan yanayin shi ne irin - duk abin da harshen ya gabatar.

Hadishi na harsuna

A wani lokaci, jagorancin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya soki saboda yadda yake amfani da harshen Ingilishi, kuma, saboda haka, saboda rashin hankali ga sauran harsuna na hukuma. Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta shiga kasashen wanda yawan magana Spanish, a 2001, ya sa batun kafin Sakatare Janar , Kofi Annan. A wancan lokacin, K. Annan ya bayyana irin rashin daidaituwa tsakanin harsuna shida ta hanyar gaskiyar kuɗin kungiyar bai yarda ya kula da dukan ƙwarewar da ƙananan fassarar cikin kowane harshe ba. Duk da haka, ya lura da wannan roƙo kuma yayi magana akan gaskiyar cewa halin da ake ciki ya kamata a gyara, kula da cikakken amfani da kowane harshe.

Wannan lokaci mai rikitarwa ya yanke shawarar a 2008-2009, lokacin da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da shawarar da aka ba da Sakatariyar aikin kula da daidaituwa tsakanin dukkanin harsuna. An bukaci kula da hankali don biyan kuɗi don fassarar bayanin da ya shafi watsawar jama'a.

Ranar 8 ga watan Yuni, 2007, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ba da shawara kan gudanarwa na albarkatun bil'adama da ke aiki a ciki. Bugu da} ari, takardun ya jaddada muhimmancin daidaitawar kowa, ba tare da bambance-bambance ba, 6 harsuna na hukuma.

A ranar 4 ga Oktoba, 2010, Sakatare Janar ya shirya rahoto game da harsuna da yawa, kuma kimanin rabin shekara bayan haka, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta roƙe shi ya ba da tabbacin cewa dukkanin harsuna na aiki da ma'aikata na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya za su kasance daidai, cewa za su kirkiro yanayin da ake bukata don aikin su. A lokaci guda kuma, al'ummomin duniya sun amince da cewa ci gaba da shafin yanar gizon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya (daga cikin harsuna da dama) yana ci gaba da sauri fiye da yadda aka tsara.

Ƙungiyoyin na musamman na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

An san cewa Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tana da ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu ko cibiyoyin da ke gudanar da ayyukansu a kai. Irin waɗannan sassan sun haɗa da, misali, UNESCO, Ƙungiyar Ƙasar Wuta da sauransu. Abin lura ne cewa wasu harsuna za a iya daukar su a matsayin harsunan hukuma a cikin waɗannan kungiyoyin UN. Saboda haka, a cikin Universal Postal Union kawai ana amfani da Faransanci, ita ce kawai harshen hukuma. A cikin UNESCO, akasin haka, an gane harsuna tara, daga cikinsu akwai Portuguese da Italiyanci, da Hindi. Asusun kasa da kasa na aikin gona na ƙwarewa ne kawai harsuna guda hudu waɗanda mambobinta suke amfani da su a matakin hukuma. Wannan shi ne Larabci, Mutanen Espanya, Faransanci da Ingilishi.

Mai ba da Harshe

A farkon 1999, Majalisar ta yi kira ga Sakatare Janar ta hanyar yin shawarwari kan neman kafa da kuma sanya babban jami'in sakatariyar. Wannan jami'in yana da alhakin daidaita dukkan batutuwan da suka danganci multilingualism.

A ranar 6 ga watan Disamba, 2000, an nada Federico Riesco Chile a farkon wannan sakon. Mai gudanarwa na gaba daya shi ne Miles Stobi na Guyana, wanda aka nada shi a ranar 6 Satumba 2001.

Shashi Terur an nada shi a matsayin mai gudanarwa a 2003 ta Kofi Annan. Bugu da} ari, shi ma ya kasance Mataimakiyar Babban Sakatare, game da harkokin sadarwa da kuma al'amurra.

A halin yanzu, Kiyo Akasaka daga Japan shine mai kula da harsuna da yawa. Kamar Shashi Terur, ya hada aikinsa da matsayin shugaban Sashen Hulɗa na Jama'a.

Harshe Harshe

Tun shekarar 2010, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta yi bikin da ake kira 'yan harshe da ake kira' yan harshe, wanda kowannensu yana nufin ɗaya daga cikin harsuna shida na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Irin wannan shirin na goyan bayan Sashen Harkokin Hulɗa na Jama'a domin ya yi tasiri da bambancin harshe na kungiyar, da kuma samun ilimin da kuma bayani game da muhimmancin sadarwa ta tsakanin al'ada. Kowace rana wani harshe yana hade da wasu manyan abubuwan tarihi waɗanda suka faru a ƙasar wannan harshe.

• Larabci - Disamba 18 - kwanan wata ma'anar harshen Larabci a matsayin harshen hukuma na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya.
• Rasha - Yuni 6 - A.S. Pushkin.
• Turanci - Afrilu 23 - ranar haihuwar Shakespeare.
• Mutanen Espanya - Oktoba 12 - an dauke su a Spain kamar "Columbus Day".
• Sinanci - Afrilu 20 - Tsang Jie.
• Faransanci - Maris 20 - ranar da aka kafa duniya.

Daidaita da Tarayyar Turai

Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai wata ƙungiya ce mai girma da ta ƙunshi kasashe da yawa. Kowace waɗannan ƙasashe, ba shakka, yana da harshenta. Saboda haka, a cikin wannan ƙa'idar akwai wata babbar doka cewa dukan harsuna na kasashe masu shiga sun daidaita. Dole ne a gudanar da dukkan takardun bayanai da rubuce-rubuce cikin waɗannan harsuna, kuma a yi fassarorin da ya dace. Duk da haka, yayin da kungiyar ta girma da wasu jihohi (arewacin Scandinavian da kasashen gabashin Turai sun shiga shi), waɗannan sababbin mahalarta ba su buƙatar Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta ba da harshensu a matsayi na matsayi, don tabbatar da shi tare da sanin kowane babban harsuna. Irin waɗannan a ƙungiyoyi sune Turanci, Jamus, Italiyanci, Faransanci da Mutanen Espanya. Lalle ne, wannan matsayi na sabon mambobi ne na kungiyar ya tabbatar da cewa kusan dukkanin diplomasiyya suna da kyakkyawan ilmi a cikin akalla ɗaya daga cikin harsunan da aka lissafa. Mafi yawan mahalarta sun fi son yin magana a Turanci. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a lura cewa, a cikin Ƙungiyar Tarayyar Turai, mafi rinjaye masu bada shawara ga harsuna da yawa sune Faransanci.

Amfani da harsunan hukuma a wasu kungiyoyi na duniya

Sauran} ungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, misali, masu sana'a a harkokin cinikayya, a wasanni, da sauransu sunyi amfani da Turanci, amma a lokaci guda ana amfani da harshen Faransanci sau da yawa, a cikin al'ummomi da dama yana da hukuma.

Kungiyoyin kasa da kasa da na shiyya sikelin, suna yafi amfani da harshen da cewa shi ne hankula ga su kabilanci ko addini abun da ke ciki. Saboda haka, a cikin kungiyoyin Musulmai na Larabci an yi amfani da su, kuma a cikin babban bangare na wadanda ba musulmi ba, Musulmai ko Ingilishi suna amfani da su a matsayin harsuna na al'ada (mulkin mallaka na baya ya bar babbar tasiri).

Bukatar wasu harsuna don samun matsayi a cikin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya

Kwanan nan, yawancin harsuna da dama sun zama harsunan duniya na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Yawancin kasashen suna fama da wannan dama. Don haka, a tsakanin waɗannan ƙasashe za'a iya gano Turkiyya, Portugal, Indiya da sauransu. A 2009, a matsayin sabon harshen hukuma, an bayar da Bengali, wanda ke wakilci na bakwai cikin harsuna mafi yawan. Saboda haka, Firayim Ministan Bangladesh yana magana.

Duk da cewa yawancin mutane suna magana da Hindi, son sha'awar jagorancin Indiya don kafa wannan harshe a matsayin harshen hukuma ba a karɓa ba. Hakanan ya bayyana cewa Hindi ba kadan ba ne a rarraba duniya, kuma kusan dukkanin mutanen da suke magana da ita suna da hankali a yankin wannan jiha.

Akwai shawara don zaɓar matsayin babban harshe - Esperanto, wanda zai maye gurbin dukan harsunan aiki, don haka rage kudin da tsarin kuɗi na kungiyar ya yi, yana ajiyewa a fassarar.