Hero Cities na Rasha: Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol, Novorossiysk

A populated yankunan, kamar mutane, suna da rabo ne inextricably nasaba da tarihin kasar a cikin abin da suka kasance. A fannoni da dama suna dogara a kan na gama hali na mazauna cikinsu. Alal misali, a kauyen iya mutuwa idan shi izni, ko a kan ƙarni zama wata babbar ilimi cibiyar na dukan yankin godiya ga goyon baya, kafa jami'a a can.

Ta yaya sunan wannan Hero-City

A asar, sai murna kwanaki na ƙarshe, na Great Patriotic War, mutane da yawa sun ba lura da wani gagarumin taron. Gaskiyar cewa May 1, 1945 Birnin Leningrad, Odessa, Sevastopol da Stalingrad aka mai suna a birnin-gwarzo. Daga baya, a kan Hauwa'u na 20th ranar tunawa da Nasara, da take bayar da su a hukumance. Bugu da kari, birnin-gwarzo da Tarayyar Soviet fara Moscow, Kiev, kuma Brest sansanin soja. Lakabobi an bayar da a cikin wadannan shekaru. A musamman, tun 1973, shi ya fara sa Kerch da Novorossiisk, daga 1974 - Minsk, da kuma daga 1976 - Tula. A cikin shekarar da 40th tunawa da gwarzo-gari na Nasara da aka yaba a matsayin Smolensk da Murmansk. Just a lokacin da jerin aka yi sama da 12 ƙauyuka da kuma wani sansanin soja - Brest. Bugu da kari, a hukuncin da aka zartar a shekara ta 2006 zuwa rank "City na Soja Tsarki ya tabbata." Eagle samu shi, Pskov, Belgorod, Kursk, Theodosius, da sauransu.

Af, 'yan san cewa gwarzo-biranen Rasha ba ne kawai yawan cibiyoyin da suke da irin wannan girmamawa matsayi. A irin wannan suna wanzu a wasu kasashe, kamar Cuba, Vietnam da kuma Italiya. The Union of {asar Yugoslavia, ta aka bayar da 8 birane, bambanta da kansu a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, ciki har da Belgrade, Ljubljana, Zagreb, Pristina da sauransu.

Birnin Leningrad,

A feat na kare da kuma mazauna birnin a kan Neva har abada shiga tarihi na duniya yaƙe-yaƙe. Wani Disamba 19, 1940, Hitler hannu da umarnin, a cikin abin da tsakanin sauran abubuwa yana nufin cewa a lokacin da aka kai hari a cikin tarayyar Soviet na farko da za a kama Birnin Leningrad, ya kuma Kronstadt, sa'an nan zuwa Moscow. Lokacin da yãƙi da aka jinkirta har sai Satumba, da Führer ya yanke shawarar, a kansa kalmomi, "to da jin matsananciyar yunwa" Leningrad, ya kuma umurce su da su yanke duk hanyar da kai abinci. Tun a watan Satumba 8, 1941 ya fara unprecedented kawancen na Leningrad, wanda dade 872 kwanaki. Shi ne na musamman a cikin yawan wadanda ke fama da birnin ya biya da hakkin ya ci gaba da fitar da makiya a kan tituna da kuma a cikin gida. Constant m harin bom da kuma dakarun kowace rana kwashe rayuwar daruruwan kare. Duk da haka, an fi mutu a dalilin matsananciyar yunwa, kamar yadda da zaran da abincin sojoji ba su isa su kula da al'ada aiki na jikin mutum.

Duk da wannan duka, da Leningrad (yanzu St. Petersburg) na tsira, da kuma abokan gaba ba zai wuce a kan Palace Square, Hitler mafarkin na wannan. A wannan yanayin, birnin biya domin shi da wani m farashin. Kamar yadda ya bayyana a Nuremberg gwaji, duk kashe 632.000 mutane. Daga cikin wadannan, 97% - daga yunwa ba.

A ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da jaruntakar kare Leningrad, ya kuma mazauna a cikin birnin da aka samu da yawa Monuments, ciki har da obelisk "Hero City" a Tãshin ¡iyãma Square (hoton sama).

Stalingrad (Volgograd)

A garin sunan zama da aka sani a duniya a 1942. The Battle of Stalingrad, wanda ya dauki tsawon watanni shida, canza hanya na yakin duniya na II. Fadace-fadace da aka yi yaƙi domin kowane gidan, titi da kuma titi. A wani gari da duka takaddama jam'iyyun aiki zuwa daruruwan makasa. A cikin heroism na Stalingrad mazauna, da yawa takardun shaida. Don buga kawai daya misali: a saki da gida tarakta factory samarwa ne da za'ayi koda lokacin da Wehrmacht sojojin kutsa cikin birnin. A wannan hari a kan Stalingrad tare da Volga arewa tsãwace birged ta aiki mayakan. Musamman wuya da mazauna ya zuwa Agusta 23, 1942, a sakamakon mummunan harin bom ya kashe a 40 000 mutane.

Kamar yadda da wasu birane, Hero na Rasha, Volgograd immortalized ƙwaƙwalwar na kare shigarwa na abubuwan tarihi da dama da kuma gina wata katuwar tunawa hadaddun a kan Mamayev Hill.

Sevastopol

Wasu heroes of Rasha birane fice ba kawai a cikin Great Patriotic War. Alal misali, don a 233-shekara tarihi na Sevastopol zama akai-akai da gaban line na tsaro na kasar mu. A musamman, a lokacin da Crimean War for 10 watanni, da ya jimre da mãsu alãma daga Faransa united sojojin, Ingila da kuma Turkey. A jaruntakar gwagwarmaya na sojojin, matuƙan jiragen ruwa Rasha da kuma yawan Viktor Gyugo kira sabon kewaye da Troy. Mazauna birnin sun kasance gaskiya ga hadisai na kakanninsu, da kuma shekaru 90 bayan abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana, a lokacin da sojojin na Wehrmacht yanke shawarar kama da Crimea, da gwarzo-gari na Sevastopol aka kare ta 250 kwanaki, yayin da a cikin zurfin bayan maƙiyi Lines. Bugu da kari ga mazauna a cikin fadace-fadace halarci 23 000 mutanen da ma'aikata, da goyan bayan 150 dake gabar teku da kuma filin bindigogi. Ko da yake karshen spring 1942 ya bar Sevastopol, a kasa da shekara guda baya, sai aka fito da sojojin na 4th Ukrainian Front.

Hero birnin Novorossiysk

Sunan "Little Duniya", a cikin 1970s, ya kan kowa na lebe, kamar yadda na biyu littafin da aka buga, marubucin wanda aka hukumance dauke Leonid Brezhnev. Mutane da yawa aukuwa akwai haka wuyar tabbatarwa cewa wannan wallafe-wallafen aikin nan da nan ya zama tushen wahayi zuwa ga wadanda ke son a rubuta labaru. Amma duk da haka a gaskiya da bridgehead "Little Duniya" kama da Soviet sojoji da kuma rike for 225 kwanaki, wani real zafi. A feat na heroes wanda ya kare da gwarzo-gari na Novorossiysk, bãbu shakka cancanci sha'awa da kuma zuriyarsu. Ya aka immortalized da erection na tunawa hadaddun. Ciki da abin tunawa da sassaka depicting saukowa memba, an fada daukaka gidan kayan gargajiya, inda za ka iya gano bayani game da kare da bridgehead da su exploits.

Sauran birni-heroes

Don gaya game da exploits daga cikin mazaunan Moscow, Kiev, Minsk, Tula, Murmansk, Smolensk, Kerch, Odessa da Brest sansanin soja na iya zama sosai dogon. Tare da kowane daga cikinsu hade da yawa labaru wanda heroes ciki har da suke talakawa, maza da mata wanda ya taba kafin gudanar a hannunsa hannunsa, amma taurin kai, da tarzoma ga kimantawa na Nasara Day da shan kashi na abokan gaba. Ƙwaƙwalwar su ne ma bar memorials, Monuments da commemorative plaques.

Yanzu da ka san abin da na gama ayyukan aikata by mutane inhabiting da Rasha birnin heroes (Leningrad, Sevastopol, Stalingrad da Novorossiysk) a lokacin Great Patriotic War. Mun gode wa ƙaddamar da aka ci farkisanci da kuma ba a aiwatar da tsare-tsaren misanthropic na Adolf Hitler da abokansa.