Hero City Kerch (photo). Tarihin Kerch

Babban birnin Kerch na daya daga cikin ƙauyukan farko, wadanda suka ji rauni daga dakarun Jamus a cikin shekaru 41 da suka wuce. Ya kasance ta wurinsa cewa gaban gaba ya wuce sau hudu. Kuma shi ne wanda aka sau biyu shagaltar da sojojin dakarun. An kashe 'yan fararen hula 15 da dubu 14, aka kai su Jamus. Gwarzon birni na Kerch ya wuce sosai. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa sun san wannan.

City-labari

Kerch yana daya daga cikin birane mafi tsufa a duniya. Ya tashi kawai a shekara bayan Roma. A shekara ta 2000, a watan Satumba, Kerch ya yi bikin cika shekaru 2600 - kwanan wata. A duk lokacin wannan birni ya canza sunayen da yawa. An kira shi Panticapaeum, Bosporus, Korchev, Cherkio - amma waɗannan sunaye ba su bi shi ba, ba kamar na zamani ba. Yayin da Kerch ya kasance Panticapaeum, Helenawa sun zauna a nan. Domin shekaru 900 birnin shine babban birnin Bosporan. By hanyar, shi ne a cikin karni na farko AD. E. Ya dogara ga Daular Roman. A hanyar, game da dogon lokaci, kimanin shekaru 200. A ƙarni na III, mulkin Bosporan ya sha wuya - yakin basasa ya fara, kuma an kashe Kerch. Amma an sake gina birni, kuma a cikin karni na 6 ya juya ya zama babban ƙarfin Byzantine. A X karni Kerch, mai suna Korchevaya sa'an nan shi ya zama wani ɓangare na Tmutarakan sarauta, amma ba domin dogon - a cikin XIV-XV ƙarni, shi aka sake masa suna Cherkio, kuma an mallakar da Genoese.

Fara tarihin

Lokacin soja na shekaru 40 na karni na 20 shi ne mafi munin yanayi mai ban mamaki da yafi dacewa a cikin teku. An kama wani karamin garin, Kerch, wanda ke da kariya, wanda ke kan iyakar Crimea, a watan Oktobar 1941. Wannan aikin soja ne mai tsanani, wanda sakamakon haka ne Hitlerites suka kama shi. Birnin ya kubutar da shi daga mamaye ne kawai a ranar ranar Disamba na shekara guda. Na gode wa rundunar soja 51, da kuma haɗin gwiwar jirgin ruwa na Black Sea da kuma sojojin Azov flotilla, Kerch ya iya komawa zuwa lokacin da ya dace.

Amma ga wannan watan da rabi na dan jarida Kerch ya sha wahala mai tsanani kuma ya sha wahala da hasara. Akwai wuri guda - da ake kira Bagerovsky moat. A can ne aka harbe fiye da mutane 7,000 mazauna yankunan karkara.

Amma ƙarshen lokacin ya ƙare. A 1942, a watan Mayu, sojojin dakarun fascist sun sake komawa Kerch. Labarin ya ce an ba su ƙarfin hali na kariya daga 'yan kwaminis na' yan kwaminis da masu karkashin kasa, wadanda suka boye a cikin kogo na Adzhimushkay da Starokarantinsky.

Saki

Bayan da aka ci sojojin Nazi a cikin Caucasus, fada ya fara ne don 'yanci da kuma yankin Crimean. A 1943, wani aikin da ake kira "Kariya na Tierra del Fuego" ya fara. A cikin kwanaki 36 na jere, an yi yakin basasa - babu abin da za a iya gani sai dai saboda girgizar iska ta ruhu. Paratroopers sun nuna ƙarfin hali da ƙarfin zuciya. Wannan yaki ne na gaske, wanda har yanzu ya tsira.

A shekarar 1944, dole ne a sake janye dan takara Kerch. A takaice, ana iya bayyana hakan kamar haka: ranar 11 ga watan Afrilun, an fara kai hare-hare kan sojojin da suka hada da Azov Military Flotilla, da Bahar Black Sea, da kuma Sojoji Primorsky. Sojojin jiragen sama na rundunar sojin sama ta hudu sun taimaka wajen yaki. Wata yakin da ake yi.

Gwarzon birni mai suna Kerch ya yi nasara a cikin duk wani mummunan rauni na yaki. Fiye da kashi 85 cikin dari na gine-ginen da gine-ginen kawai an hallaka su. Birnin mai kyau ba shine kansa ba. Yawan mazauna sun ragu daga mutum dubu dari zuwa 30. Sun da 'yan uwansu sun yi amfani da rundunonin tsaro masu ban tsoro don kare filin jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne tarihin soja na garin jarumi. Kerch zai tuna da wannan mummunan lamari na dogon lokaci, yana dubban dubban rayuka tare da shi.

Shakatawa

Mutane da yawa za su zabi birane masu gwaninta kamar yadda suke biki. Kerch ba banda. Hakika, wasu suna so su je hutawa zuwa wuraren girmamawa, don yin girman kai, su dubi tarihi na tarihi na soja. Har ila yau, Kerch shi ma birnin mafaka.
Abubuwan da ke damunsa sun bambanta, kuma kowannensu yana wakiltar wani lokaci. Cikin shahararrun suna located kai tsaye a tsakiyar birnin - shi ne dutsen Mithridates, Big mitridatskaya bene da Obelisk Girma. Yanayin Lenin, wuta ta har abada, Ikilisiyar St. John Baftisma, wanda aka yi a cikin al'adun gargajiya ta Turai, kawai ƙananan wuraren wuraren da za su ziyarci lokacin da suke hutawa a Kerch.

Gwargwadon birni, wanda aikinsa ya cigaba da ci gaba da aiwatarwa bayan yakin (kamar yadda aka fada a sama, an yi sulhu a kusa da shi, saboda haka dole ne a gina shi kusan maimaita), yana da kyau ga masu yawon bude ido. Bugu da ƙari, a yau wannan birni ita ce cibiyar masana'antu mafi girma.

Cibiyar yawon shakatawa da kuma motsa jiki

Ya zuwa yanzu, Kerch yana samun karɓuwa. Ga mutane da yawa, wannan birni ya zama asiri - ƙasar da ba a bayyana ba. Duk da haka, saboda abubuwan da suka faru game da yanayin siyasar da suka faru a cikin shekarar da ta gabata game da jaririn birnin Kerch, an ce da yawa. Musamman ma, saboda shi ne a nan cewa jirgin ruwa da ke haɗuwa da yankin Crimea tare da babban yankin Rasha. Kowace rana, daruruwan mutane zo Kerch ƙetare ta jirgin fito zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa "Kavkaz" da kuma mataimakin versa. Saboda haka, sunan birnin ya zama mafi yawan labarai, jaridu da mujallu. Game da Kerch ya fara koyan abubuwa da yawa. Kuma birnin ya fara samun karbuwa. A lokacin rani na shekara ta 2015, alal misali, fiye da rabin hotels, hotels, appartements da ɗakunan gidaje sun rigaya an rubuta su. Yawan Kerch Connoisseurs da masu sha'awar suna karuwa - tare da irin wannan nasara, watakila wannan birni zai zama sananne fiye da Yalta.

Cibiyar masana'antu

Yankin birnin yana da mita 108. Km, Kerch yana kusa da kusan hamsin hamsin tare da sanannen damuwa. Idan kuna la'akari da Crimea, to, tare da irin waɗannan alamomi masu muhimmanci zasu iya gasa Sevastopol, wanda, kamar yadda kowa ya san, an haɗa shi a jerin da ake kira "Hero Cities". Kerch wani wuri ne mai kyau. Yana da ɗakunan gidaje masu yawa, wanda ke tsaye a kan tudu. A gefen arewa maso gabashin birnin kuma akwai wurin jin dadi tare da rairayin bakin teku. Kusa ne sosai tashar jiragen ruwa "Crimea".

Amma cibiyar Kerch ita ce mafi kyawun ɓangare na masu yawon bude ido. Ya zama mafi kyau kowace rana. Har ila yau, baza'a iya ba da hankali ba - da yawa daga gidajen cin abinci, wuraren shakatawa, abubuwan jan hankali, wuraren shakatawa, tituna masu banƙyama, gine-gine na zamani, shaguna, shaguna. Gaba ɗaya, yawon shakatawa a Kerch yana bunkasawa - kuma wannan yana rinjayar yadda aka kwatanta da Crimea tsakanin wuraren da aka ziyarta a Rasha da Turai.

Souvenirs

Wani muhimmin wuri a cikin tarihin shi ne dan jarida mai suna Kerch. Kundin da aka kirkira a cikin girmamawarsa ba kawai ba ne kawai, amma har ma yana da darajarta, yana tunawa da tsohuwarsa. Duk da haka, an gudanar da zirga-zirga shekaru 20 da suka wuce - a Ukraine. Wannan adadi ne na karbovanets dubu 200, wanda aka yi da azurfa nickel. An bayar da takardu na takardun kusan dubu 50 - da yawa, ta hanyar, don biyan kuɗin din. Mutane da yawa masu tarawa suna da shi a cikin ɗakunansu. A hanyar, wannan kyauta ne mai kyau ga mai gaskiya na 'yan kasuwa. Musamman mahimmancin wadannan banknotes sun fara amfani da su kwanan nan - bayan dawowar Crimea zuwa Rasha.

Matsayin aikin girmamawa

Ranar 14 ga watan Satumbar 1973 an kira Kerch a matsayin babban gari. Wannan kwanan wata an tabbatar da shi a tarihi. Me ya sa Kerch ya zama babban birni? Mutane da yawa da basu san tarihin suna tambayar wannan tambaya ba. Hakika, Kerch ba wani wuri ne na shahararren daukaka ba, kamar Sevastopol, Minsk, Brest ko Murmansk. Duk da haka, shi ma ya cancanci wannan taken.

A cikin Afrilu 1974 Kerch ya haskaka: wurare masu yawa, yanayi mai haske, yanayi mara kyau, wuraren da aka yi wa ado. Birnin ya amince da 'yantacce. Amma wannan shiri ne kawai don hutun. Amma a rana ta 11 shi ne ranar tunawa - tsoffin soji da ma'aikata na Kerch sunyi fure a kan Mithridates zuwa ga obelisk, suka dasa bishiyoyi a cikin Matasan Matasa sannan suyi sha'awar batutuwa na Black Sea Red Banner Fleet, wanda ya yi marhabin da birni mai suna tare da fuka-fadi. Wannan shi ne ranar hutu na fari da Kerch ya yi a cikin sabon matsayi na garin jarumi.

Shirye-shirye na nan gaba

Kerch zai cigaba da bunkasa - wannan ba shi da kyau. Tun da shi ne a yanzu "ƙõfõfin Crimea" (da ake kira nondescript gari Djankov, a lokacin da sashin ya har yanzu wani ɓangare na Ukraine), birnin da ya zama ya dace da matakin. Ko da yake an riga ya zama cikakke, ya zama dole don yin shi ma mafi kyau.
Alal misali, a cikin shirye-shiryen ci gaba don gina hanyar babbar hanya zuwa Sevastopol. Yana da mahimmanci a gyara ainihin tasirin sufuri, sake sake gina hanyoyin da ake ginawa da gina sababbin abubuwa. Za a kashe kimanin dala biliyan 445 a waɗannan ayyukan. Wannan bayanai da aka sanar da kai na Crimean Jamhuriyar - Sergey Aksenov. Gaskiya ne, wannan adadin zai je ba Kerch kawai ba, har ma ga dukkan yankunan teku.

Da gada a fadin Kerch Strait

Har ila yau yanzu kowa yana damuwa game da gina gada ko rami ta hanyar Kerch Strait. Gidan jirgin ruwa, ba shakka, yana aiki ne cikin bangaskiya mai kyau, amma saboda yanayin yanayin yanayi na yau da kullum (sa'an nan kuma damuwa, ruwan sama, hadari), yakan dakatar da aikinsa. Wannan yana hana motsi na jiragen ruwa, kuma, bisa ga haka, wajan da kayan aiki, sunadarai na gida, kayan haya da motoci suna jinkirta. Don haka gina gine-gine yana daga cikin manyan ayyuka na gwamnatin Crimean. Ba asirin kowa ba ne cewa wadannan shirye-shirye sun wanzu fiye da shekaru goma. Duk da haka, a yau wannan batu yana da mahimmanci - saboda gaskiyar cewa ta hanyar Kerch Crimea an haɗa shi da Rasha. Saboda haka dole a warware matsalar ta wuri-wuri.