Ancient Rus shine jihar Slavs na Gabas

Rus shine sunan da aka saba wa tsohuwar Slavs a Yammacin Turai. Halittar Rasha ta ƙaddamar da cigaban tarihin duniya kuma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kabilun kabilanci na Slavic. Yana daya daga cikin jihohi mafi girma a zamanin da. Sunan sarakuna da mutane masu daraja sun tsira har zuwa yau a cikin ƙarni. Sunan "Rus" wani abu ne mai banbanci na kabilar Slav. Rashin rinjayar jihar ya ba da babban ɓangare na Turai da Asiya. Hakanan al'adun al'adu ya ba da damar zamani don yin koyi da tsarin tafiyar da rayuwar jama'a.

Ilimi:

Rus ne mafi yawan suna don sunadaran da ke da yawan jama'a. Kafofin daban daban sun danganta iyakokin Rasha daban. A cikin kafofin yammaci kuma akwai sunan "Roksolaniya" ko "Rusiya". A tsakiyar karni na biyar, yawan mutanen da ba su da Slavic suka fara gudun hijira. Kuma Slavs da kansu suna tafiya cikin hanzari zuwa hanya mai kyau kuma suna gina birane na farko. Mafi mahimmancin koguna. Akwai rarraba rarraba cikin kabilu. Krivichi, vyatichi, yan Arewa, ilmen da sauransu. A cikin karni na 9, Vikings ya sauka a arewa, wanda ke tsara ƙauyuka, amma a lokaci guda shiga Rus. Wannan ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaba da bunkasa al'adu a yankunan arewa. Bayan wani lokaci, Slavs sun rushe ƙauyukan Norman, kuma 'yan Scandinavians suka yi nasara. Duk da haka, wasu daga cikin hadisai sun karbe su ta wurin al'ummar.

A ƙarshen karni na tara, yawancin manyan birane sun fito. Daga wurare na al'ada an rarrabe su ta hanyar kasancewa na tsare-tsare, ciki har da ganuwar. Nan da nan akwai da dama al'adu da jama'a cibiyoyin kamar Novgorod, Rurik shiri, Kiev, Rostov, Yaroslavl, Smolensk da sauransu. A cewar masana tarihi, har ma sauran kabilu daban-daban sun ji daɗin kusanci da kuma ainihi tsakanin dukkanin al'ummar Rasha. Duk da haka, kasancewa da cibiyoyi da yawa na iko ya hana su daga haɗuwa cikin wata ƙasa guda. Constant ciki wars m da albarkatun da hampered ci gaba. Kimanin kwanan wata don haɗawa da Slavs na Gabas a cikin jihar ɗaya shine 862. Bayan haka wasu 'yan kabilu sun gayyaci' yan Wajibi su yi sarauta. A lokaci guda, shahararrun Rusich Maris zuwa Tsargrad wuce.

Flowering

Shekaru ashirin bayan haka, Prince Oleg ya koma babban birnin Kiev. Shi da warriors kashe Askold da Dir, haka reuniting Rasha. Waɗannan su ne asalin Novgorod da Kiev, wanda har sai an raba jure. Yanzu ci gaban jihar ya fara. An kafa tasoshin kasuwanci tare da Byzantium da wasu kabilu a yamma. A tsakiyar karni na goma prince Svyatoslav shirya Maris zuwa da Khazar Khanate da trashes shi. Daga bisani, dansa ya yanke shawarar ci gaban jihar. A 988, akwai baptismar. Tun daga wannan lokacin, Slavs na Gabas sun karbi al'adun Kirista. Ana gina gine-gine da gine-gine. Rubuta yana yadawa. A cikin asalin Yamma sun bayyana bayanin jihar, wanda yanzu ake kira d ¯ a Rasha. Wannan babban ma'anar dukkanin ƙasashen Slavic a gabas. Yana da kyakkyawan dangantaka da Scandinavia.

Rasha ita ce Jihar Kiristocin Slavic

Bayan yin baftisma, akwai tashe-tashen hankali a cikin siyasa. Kafa dangantaka da ƙasashen Turai, auren tsakanin kuliya. Lokacin da mulkin Yaroslav ya kasance shahararrun shari'ar dokokinsa, irin tsarin mulki, "Gaskiyar Rasha". Ƙarfafa wurare a Gabas. Tsarin mulki ya ba da sakamako mai kyau. An kalubalanci kabilancin Polovtsi da sauran kabilun da aka yi. Sabbin wurare suna cin nasara. A al'adu na musamman yana tasowa. Duk da haka, ana aiwatar da wadannan matakai bayan da Yaroslav ya mutu. Tsakanin zuriyarsa ya fara jigilar jini na cikin gida. Yaƙe-yaƙe da hargitsi marasa iyaka sun raunana Rus. Ya fara raba shi a kananan kananan hukumomi.

Rushewar Tsohuwar Rasha

A cikin irin wannan hali, Rus ya zama mummunan harin mamaye Mongol. Shugabannin ba su da cikakken daidaituwa kuma sau da yawa sun ƙi taimakon juna. Wata babbar rundunar Mongoliya ta shiga cikin zurfin ƙasashen Rasha. Harshen jini ya bar kusan babu mai rai. Wadannan mamaye sun rushe su kuma sun ƙone Slavic ƙauyuka. A 1240, Kiev ya fadi. Yawan wurare masu yawa da gine-gine sun halaka.

Bayan haka, shekaru masu yawa, Rasha ta dogara ga Horde. Shi ne kawai a 14th karni, a karkashin jagorancin Prince of Moscow, kusa da kogin Kalka Rasha kaucewa Mongol-Tatars. Ivan na uku ya kawo ƙarshen mamayewa. Wannan tsari ya ƙare tare da samuwar jihar Rasha.