Ina tunawa da littattafai?

An ga mutane da yawa ƙarni da littafin da aka sani da mutane kamar yadda wani mai arziki tushen ilmi, da kwarewa da kuma hikima. Shi ne wata gada a haɗa daban-daban al'adu da al'ummomi. Kamar yadda wani gode da kuma nuna amincewa da muhimmancin littattafai a cikin rayuwar mutane a yau, ba za mu iya ganin mutane da yawa "wallafe-wallafen" Monuments na littattafai a kasashen da dama, a duniya. Kowane daukawa a wasu tarihi da kuma falsafa. Get Mai ƙididdigewa ga mafi ban sha'awa na su.

A Amurka,

A {asar Amirka za ka iya samun dama shafukan kishin littattafai. Saboda haka, a gaban jama'a library Coshocton jigo Kabarin da aka shigar a 2004. Its marubucin ne sculptor Allan Kottril. Gani, abin tunawa ne a tari na daruruwan kundin, wanda yake a zaune a kai, da tunani game da wani abu, da yaron da wani bude littafin. Kowane monumental Tome yana da wani sunan, da kuma wani kwafin a hannun yaron bar ba tare da shi. Wannan ne yake aikata a kan manufar to kowane baƙo da library iya gabatar da kuka fi so littafin.

Sabon abu tunawa aka located a gaban littattafan Nebraska-Lincoln University Library. Statue kafa kamar yadda keke, a kan abin da littattafai 17 suna folded stacks. Wannan abin tunawa ne ake kira "Daidaita da littattafai." A cikin baki da ƙafafun na biyu da sunayen marubuta da kuma masana falsafa (Socrates, Charles Dickens, Marcel Proust, Luisa Lamura). Daga gare su akwai wata sunan da wani zamani marubuci Daniely Stil. Wannan abin tunawa nuna richness na duniya na al'ada da kuma bada dalibai wani tutu ruhaniya ci gaba.

American masanin kimiyya Ameliya Vaynberg a 1982 gãdar da dukan takardun sirri littattafai Jama'a Library of Cincinnati (Ohio). Shekaru takwas daga baya, da sculptor Michael fresco yanke shawarar dorewar wannan daraja yi a asalin abin tunawa. Shi ne kamar wata stacks na lokacin farin ciki littattafan. Suna sanya na yumɓun wuta da stylized fata. Animates da abun da ke ciki marmaro. Ya kuma daukawa mai m muhimmanci inexhaustible kwarara daga ilmi, wanda yake da muhimmanci ga rayuwar dan Adam.

a Jamus

Ashirin-mita abin tunawa ga littafin mashawarta Jamus da masana falsafa da kuma marubuta yakan Bebel Platz a Berlin. Yana da aka shigar a 2006 a gaban sanannen Humboldt University. da nauyi ne 35 ton. 17 littattafai, suya, alama da sunayen marubuta: Hegel, Goethe, Schiller, Marx Brothers Grimm, Lessing da sauransu. Abin tunawa an halitta a cikin girmamawa Ioganna Gutenberga - kirkiro na zamani bugu.

Kuma kusa da nan, duk a cikin wannan yankin, akwai wani abin tunawa, da ake kira "sunken library". M littattafai su ne a nan, wajen wata alama ce memory, ba kyale su manta game da m kona fiye da dubu 12 daga cikin manyan ayyukan a watan Mayu 1933, farkisanci dalibai. Monument ne komai shelves, da barin ƙasa, a cikin wõfintattu.

A Birtaniya,

Sabon abu a cikin zane ne a grotesque abin tunawa a London. A abun da ke ciki na littafinsa sa wata babbar, crushing mutumin ta kai, da kuma a itacen girma daga littafin. Irin wannan wani sabon abu tunawa aka mai suna "Ko da tarihi." Its marubucin ne sculptor Bill Vudrou.

a Spain

Unusually "rayuwa", a idon basira abin tunawa a cikin nau'i na littattafai located in Barcelona. Yana da aka kafa a 1994, marubucin - Joan Brossa. Monument alama ne da yin amfani da wadanda ba na gargajiya da kayayyakin da asali abun da ke ciki da kuma siffofin. Abin tunawa ne a rabin bude littafin sanya shi a cikin wata babbar tasa. Da alama cewa page swaying a cikin iska.

a Poland

A shekarar 2008, Leske, a kan tarihi square, Littafi Fair da aka gudanar. A sa'an nan birnin gwamnati ya bude farko tunawa littafin a Poland. Bronze gami nuna nauyi girma, ado da kasa alama. Kamar yadda ta yi ciki ta sculptor Andrzej Pitynskogo, babban littafin alama ce da nauyin da buga kalma. Wannan suna rike da hannayensu, mikewa skyward. A abun da ke ciki ma ya nuna haskakarka, m raya kasa, da kuma tsawo, wanda suke littattafai.

a Isra'ila

Majestic tunawa da littattafai da rubuce-rubuce da aka kafa a Haifa. Kwanan wata na bude shi - a shekara ta 2007, da kuma abun da ke ciki shi ne wani uku-mita babban littafin, ya yi su da tagulla. Daga shi a zahiri "jefa fitar" da daban-daban haruffa da kuma haruffa. Wannan marubucin ya jaddada cewa Kabarin alama ce da bunkasuwar bugu, rubutu. Dutsen yana nan a cikin wani kyakkyawan wurin shakatawa da kuma shi ne samuwa ga review to duk mazauna da kuma baƙi daga birnin.

a Turkmenistan

Monuments sadaukar da littattafai, kawo daban-daban symbolism. Uba na da Harshen Turkmen al'umma yana dauke Saparmurat Niyazov. Littafinsa "Ruhnama" ( "Littafi na Ruhu"), watakila a yau iya Quote kowane dan kasa na Turkmenistan. Yana da daidaituwa ba a cikin babban birni a kasar don Independence Park yana da wata katuwar abin tunawa a cikin hanyar zama mai tsarki littafi. Tsayinsa - wani biyu-storey gidan. Kowane maraice, "Ruhnama" da aka bude, da kuma a kan na farko shafi na tare da taimakon wani majigi ne aka nuna wani shirin gaskiya fim game da samuwar da Harshen Turkmen al'umma.

a UAE

Kuma a nan ne wani fitacciyar monumentalistics ɗauke da kasa muhimmanci. Daya daga cikin masu ra'ayin rikau cikin sharuddan addini ne masarautu na Sharjah. A babban birnin kasar a ranar Culture Square gina wani majestic tunawa zuwa bakwai mita tsawo. Shi ne mai tsarki littafin Kur'ani bude shafukan. Addini symbolism ƙarfafa kuma shimmering da zinariya rubutun Larabci, da kuma wani masallaci da ke kusa da nan. A littafin ne, kunã yin wãsa kafa a kan wani babban pedestal. Domin dare lokaci asali lighting bayar cewa gani qara girman da abin tunawa.

a kasar Sin

China ya kasance kullum shahara Hurumi hadisai da kuma unconventional ra'ayinmu game da duniya. Monument littattafai - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi zurfi a cikin symbolism na events cewa zai iya saduwa da nan wani yawon shakatawa. Na musamman sha'awa ne da babbar dutse da cewa. A ranar da murfin gani da Sinanci da kuma Figures, kuma daga gare su fita wani mutum fuska. The ji na abun da ke ciki shi ne quite sauki: idan jariri ya fita daga uwarsa, da wani mutum a matsayin wani mutum da aka kafa ta littattafai.

yawon shakatawa son sani shi ne wani abin tunawa sadaukar da ikon ilmi. Its abun da ke ciki shi ne wani lilo-rocker, adult kiba mutumin zaune a kan daya gefen tare da wani littafi a hannu, a kan wasu - wani m yarinya da kananan tari na littattafai. Kamar yadda marubucin wata yarinya marasa mutum. Saboda haka, ainihin ra'ayin na tunawa an karanta: da mutum muhimmancin ne adadin na ilmi, amma ba a girma.

a Rasha

Monuments littattafai a Rasha sun shagaltar da, watakila, a wuri na musamman, kamar yadda aka gabatar a wani arziki iri-iri, kuma kowane daga cikinsu yana da tarihi. Saboda haka, asali abun da ke ciki za a iya samu a Taganrog Murmansk Krasnoyarsk Angarsk Stavropol Kogalym. Wasu bambanta touchingly da falala, yayin da wasu tunatar da mu da majestic baiwa na Rasha adabi na baya ƙarni.

A karkashin gargajiya sunan "littafin - tushen ilimi" ya gabatar jigo abin tunawa a Omsk, a ƙofar da kantin sayar da littattafai a kan titi. Lenin. The asali daga cikin abun da ke ciki ne da hanyar na halitta daga karfe da waldi elektroduvnoy. Monument ne a cikin nau'i na wani bude littafin. A ta shafukan aka nuna dama haruffa da kuma haruffa. Its marubucin ne Aleksandr Kapralov. Abin baƙin ciki, gaskiya niyyar na artist zauna ba a sani ba. Amma da yawon bude ido da ziyartar birnin, wannan abun da ke ciki ba Unlimited yanci ga tunanin da kuma "tunanin da conjecturing."

A mafi m da kuma ban sha'awa, bisa ga matafiya, shi ne tunawa littafin a St. Petersburg. Shi ne a Jami'ar kwata (State University) da kuma wakiltar wata babbar bude littafin (3.6 * 2.4 * 0.9). Abin tunawa ne, Ya sanya daga dutse, a kan ta shafukan da ka iya karanta shahara Lines daga Pushkin ta waka "The Bronze hau doki." A Kabarin da aka bayyana a cikin 2002, halittarsa aka ƙare da 300th ranar tunawa da birnin. Authors ne E.Soloveva artist, m kuma art tarihi O. Romanov A. Raskin.

Wani St. Petersburg tunawa sadaukar da littattafai, yana da wani sabon abu da tarihi. Yake da alaka da sunan Constantine da ke wakiltar - wanda ya kafa "wakilcin da makãho." A abun da ke ciki shi ne da wata yarinya a zaune a kan pedestal. Ta ganinsu, an directed a sama, da kuma dama da hannu kamar yadda idan ya slide fadin page na wani bude littafin. Neman kusa, za ka ga cewa a gwiwa da makafi yarinya - K. Ushinsky littafin "Yara Duniya."

Suna fadin in size da kuma abun da ke ciki za a iya samu jigo abin tunawa a Khimki. Yana da aka shigar a 2010, a lokacin da ya fara Moscow Forum na Culture. The tagulla abin tunawa, dake nuna wani bude littafi a kan wani pedestal. za ka iya ganin profile na Rasha mawãƙi Alexander a kan daya shafi na Pushkin, a kan sauran - ya Lines daga cikin waka: "Na tuna wani ban mamaki lokacin ...". A littafin da aka saita a matsayin idan iyo a cikin iska, da kuma wani dutse pedestal ado da gashin tsuntsu, da garaya. The sosai guda form yake kama da taushi alama.

Gine-gine, Monuments

Monuments na duniya littattafai suna ƙara halin da asali da kuma unconventional siffofi, launuka da kuma kayan. Ganiya da wadannan Monuments iya yanzu za a kira wani gini a cikin nau'i na littattafai. Ga sassaka ne a hankali lauye da birnin gine. Wakilai daga irin wannan shafukan za a iya samu a birnin Kansas (USA), a Moscow, Tyumen, Novosibirsk, Grozny, Ashgabat, Paris da kuma sauransu. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, wannan style ado da facades na] akunan karatu, kafofin watsa labarai da cibiyoyin da kuma m, ilimi da kuma cibiyoyin kudin.