Iri - shi ne mai tsarki al'adun kwayoyin. Damuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka fungi,

A ilmin halitta, don bayyana wasu kwayoyin, wanda yana nufin duniyoyin dabbobi, fungi ko shuke-shuke, ta nomenclature aka ɓullo. Ya nuna na ga wannan nau'in dangane da halaye na ilimin halittar jiki da kuma bayyanar. Don dabbobi ne zartar da sharudda ga kassa jinsunan, dangane da ikon bayar da m zuriya a lokacin hadi. Duk da haka, wadannan dokokin ne m kawai wadannan kwayoyin, yayin da microbes ba za a iya classified a cikin wannan hanya.

A ra'ayi na iri a cikin ilimin

Saboda yawan adadin kwayoyin ciwon morphological Properties, amma daban-daban biochemical kuma immunological fasali, ba shi yiwuwa su sanya sunan yin amfani da daidaitattun nomenclature. A sakamakon haka, muna sa irin wannan abu a matsayin iri. Wannan shi ne wani tsantsa al'adun microbes da zai iya gano da kuma ware a wani wuri a wani hour.

Kowane microbe, wanda nasa ne daya iri, kama da sauran irin wakilin da biochemical, morphological, kwayoyin da kuma immunological sharudda. Amma a cikin wannan kwayan jinsunan wadannan kiyasi ba ya lura. Saboda iri - a mafi m sunan da ake dasu al'adu. Tun da m musayar kayyade abu (maye gurbi) take kaiwa zuwa bayyanar sabon kwayoyin cikin jinsunan, amma tare da wasu Properties, shi ne wannan definition damar more daidai faye hali pathogenicity da virulence dalilai.

kwayan damuwa

A halin yanzu nomenclature kwayoyi masu rarraba iri kwayoyin, amma ba ya fahince su sabon Properties. A karshen bayyana a sakamakon da m maye gurbi, nemowa sabon Properties, ciki har da pathogenic da mutane, gona da dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke, kazalika da sauran microbes. MISALI nomenclature misali E. coli ne kamar haka: mulkinsa - kwayoyin rubuta - proteobacteria, gamma-proteobacteria aji, domin - Enterobacteriales, da iyali Enterobacteriaceae. Rod - Escherichia, da kuma view - Escherichia colli. Duk da haka, akwai mutane da yawa jinsunan kwayoyin al'adu Escherichia colli, exhibiting daban-daban Properties. Sun kasu kashi daban damuwa daga kwayoyin da wani ƙarin sunan. Alal misali, Escherichia colli O157: H7.

Aras E. coli ne ba a cikin mutum hanji da kuma ba ya haifar da cuta, amma iri O157: H7 - pathogenic musamman saboda kasancewar mafi virulence dalilai. Ta lura enterotoxigenic annoba cututtuka a karshe 5 shekaru.

kwayar damuwa

A ra'ayi na iri - wani m title kwayoyin da wannan kaddarorin da aka ware sa'an nan gano da kuma aka bayyana a cikin wannan yanki, a kuma wani lokaci. Tare da nassi cutar iya saya sabon Properties saboda antigenic gantali. Wannan zai haifar da wani sabon kwayar iri iya zama mafi pathogenic fiye da ta progenitor.

Nuna fitowan da sabon damuwa iya zama misali na da mura cutar. A nasa ne da iyali orthomyxovirus da ake kira dangane da antigens (hemagglutinin da neuraminidase) HxNy. X, kuma Y - shi ne mai Tazarar darajar, nuna gaban antigens. Misali - H5N1, a san da kwanan nan annoba alade mura da wani hanzari m hemorrhagic ciwon huhu. Bisa ga ka'idar da iri saboda da sabon kuma mafi m iri zai iya ci gaba kamar yadda antigenic gantali.

Fungal damuwa da kuma damuwa na protists

Daga cikin dukkan microbes kyawon tsayuwa ne kalla m, ko da yake su Biochemistry ne ma hadaddun. A kudi na wani hadadden tsarin fiye da na kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, kazalika saboda rashin mai azumi canja wurin sunadaran kwayoyin halittu na sabon fungal damuwa ƙaruwa dan kadan. Akwai kuma da ra'ayin cewa wani sabon kwanan nan gano fungal iri - shi ya wanzu kafin jiki, wanda aka kawai ba fadin zo masu bincike.

A irin wannan halin da ake ciki ne a Mulkin protists. Su ikon mutate ne kananan, saboda da alama cewa sabon damuwa bayyana sauri, kadan. Duk da haka, sabon juyi na kwayoyin daga cikin wannan jinsin har yanzu faruwa. Saboda, a fili, suka kuma wanzu kafin, amma suka ga ba su samu ba.