Jini gwajin immunoassay (immunogram) alamomi na fasali, deciphering

Analysis na immunological jini - a Hanyar amfani da likita kwararru domin sanin ko haƙuri ta jiki su yi tsayayya tsanani kwayan da kwayar cututtuka. Bincike da sakamakon sanin matakin na rigakafi da kariya lokacin da kimantawa da ingantaccen da kuma gwada yawa Manuniya na sel da kuma gaban antibodies a cikin jini.

Yaya jiki ta kare

Dan Hanya jamiái (ƙwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin, fungi, sinadaran da guba abubuwa) cewa shigar da jiki, an kira antigens. Na rigakafi da tsarin amsa ga su mamayewa na aiki ƙarni na abin da ake kira antibody - takamaiman tsarin a farfajiya na lymphocytes, da nufin dauri ga antigens da m inactivation.

Maturation, bambantawa da kuma samuwar rigakafi Kwayoyin fãra a cikin wadannan gabobi:

• bargo, dake a cikin manyan ƙasũsuwa,
• thymus.
• tonsils.
• Lymph nodes.

jini tsarkakewa daga waje jamiái dangantawa da maikacin jini, da ya auku a cikin baƙin ciki. Lymphocytes hawa a ko'ina cikin jiki da kuma yada su fagage daban-daban tare da wani halin yanzu na Lymph ta cikin Lymph tasoshin. Wannan na gefe ɓangare na rigakafi da tsarin.

Alamomi ga dauke da fitar bincikowa

immunological jini gwajin gudanar a wadannan lokuta:

• akai-akai maimaituwa cututtuka na dauke da kwayar cutar asalin;
• Tã gudana daga cututtuka.
• An samo immunodeficiency ko nakasar halitta.
• gaban wani autoimmune cuta.
• rashin lafiyan yanayi;
• da bukatar m babbar m shisshigi.
• postoperative rikitarwa.
• sarrafa liyafar sakamakon immunomodulators a kuzarin kawo cikas.
• anorexia.
• mãyen daban-daban yanayi.
• neoplastic matakai.
• ciwon sukari.
• da ci gaban tsanani illa a marasa lafiya karbar magunguna.

Manuniya immunogram ba rubũtunsa Lab ma'aikata. Survey sakamakon da aka kimanta da halartar gwani.

Immunological bincike na jini

Samun sakamako na karshe na bincike ya hada da wani kewayon ayyuka da nufin kayyade gwada yawa da kuma gwajin kwari Manuniya na rigakafi Kwayoyin - antibodies. A mafi yawan lokuta, shugabanci na gwani bincike ya nuna wanda mahada na kariya dalilai dole ne a kimanta.

Cikakken immunogram, farashin wanda yake a cikin kewayon 5-6 dubu rubles, shi ne wajen lokaci-cinyewa kuma aiki-m nunawa, don haka dakunan gwaje-gwaje sun gano kawai ne ga waɗanda matakan da suke bukata likita.

Sau da yawa jini da aka dauka wajen gudanar da bincike da wadannan immunological dalilai:

1. Gwada yawa Manuniya na magani immunoglobulin M, A, G, E.
2. Dace da bangaren C3 S4-2.
3. The aikin aiki na rigakafi Kwayoyin.
4. Phagocytic index.
5. Proliferative aiki na lymphocytes.
6. Gwada yawa Manuniya subpopulations na rigakafi Kwayoyin.

Overview na babban Manuniya

Analysis a kan immunogram farko kayyade matakin na yi da kuma immunoglobulins. A mafi girma yawan (75%) zauna da immunoglobulins G. Sun iya shiga cikin mahaifa daga uwa zuwa tayin, samar da nasu kariya baby ta tsarin.

Idan jini gwajin ya nuna wani kasa yawan immunological IgG, shi iya nuna kasancewar wani ƙari da lymphatic tsarin, ko m yanayin da mutum underdevelopment. A babban matakin shaidar cutar hanta, autoimmune ko cutar.

IgM ne na goma na duk sauran immunoglobulins. Sun bayyana a farkon matakai da cutar. Hada da IgM rheumatoid dalilai da kuma anti-infective immunoglobulins. High scores nuna cirrhosis ko hepatitis ci gaba.

IgA ne 15% na jimlar nauyin da immunoglobulins. Su mucosal kariya dalilai. Jini gwajin ya nuna wani dagagge matakin na immunological ci gaban lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid amosanin gabbai, myeloma, barasa mai guba.

A lokacin farko 14 days da cutar bayyana IgA. Ga wani 7 kwanaki don riskar da yawan IgM. By karshen watan daga farkon da ci gaban da cuta a cikin jini iya sanin ko antibody aji A, M, kuma G. Yayin da mãsu haƙuri ne a kan gyara, IgA da IgG antibodies kasance a cikin jini tsarin, amma su gwada yawa Manuniya ne saukar 2-4 sau.

Akwai Ige da kuma IgD. Wadannan antibodies bayyana ga rashin lafiyan manifestations da helminth infestations. A wani m mutum, suna da low rates.

alloimmune antibodies

Wannan takamaiman antibodies da ya bayyana a cikin jiki zuwa antigens na ja jini Kwayoyin. Su samar da za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar RH-rikici ciki ko jini. Yana dogara ne a kan fitarwa na Rhesus jini a matsayin waje.

A analysis za a nada a cikin wadannan lokuta:

• haihuwa zamani domin rigakafin RH-rikici.
• wadanda kallo na mata masu ciki da suke da mummunan RH factor.
• ashara a tarihi.
• ci gaban hemolytic cuta daga cikin jariri.
• jarrabawa na haƙuri kafin jini.

maniyyi antibodies

Immunogram, farashin da ya ce game da amfani da high quality-m hanyoyin da ganewar asali, don kimanta gaban anti-maniyyi antibodies a cikin jini. Wannan hanya da aka yi amfani da wani ƙarin ganewar asali da rashin haihuwa ma'aurata.

Antibodies iya gane ba kawai jini, amma kuma a cikin mahaifa gamsai, a kan surface na maniyyi a cikin maniyyi jini. Bai tabbata sigogi ne a cikin 55-60 raka'a. / Ml. A kan samu na sakamako na sake jarrabawa ne da za'ayi bayan 14 days.

immunodeficiency jihohi

Rarrabe firamare da sakandare immunodeficiency jihohi. Primary - nakasar, sakamakon daga cutar a kayyade matakin. Secondary - samu cewa ci gaba a lokacin rayuwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban na zahiri da kuma nazarin halittu dalilai.

Akwai kuma physiological immunodeficiencies cewa tashi a wasu matakai na raya kasa da kwayoyin:

• immunodeficiency jariri - saboda gwamnatin rikon kwarya a gaban masu juna biyu antibodies a cikin jini, don samar da nasu.
• immunodeficiency ciki - akwai kan bango na placental hormones a kan aiki na najumla.
• na tsufa immunodeficiency - saboda ƙananan tsanani na samar da m Kwayoyin, da rage a phagocytic aiki na neutrophils, macrophages, magani bactericidal aiki.

Don mayar da na rigakafi da tsarin yana amfani da gyara ka'idojin a gaban pathological ƙarara:

1. Engineering rigakafi yanayi - bargo dasawa, hanta, thymus, gwamnati na immunoglobulins hemosorbtion, immunoadsorption.
2. Gabatarwa na hormones da neurotransmitters - interferon, interleukin, hormone thymus dalilai.
3. Magani.

Sharuddan shiri domin analysis

Biochemical nazarin bukatar shan safe venous jini (azumi har 12:00). Wata rana kafin tarin abu dole ya daina shan giya, taba, iyakance jiki aiki. Da safe za ka iya sha kawai ruwa kafin faruwa ga Lab.

A ranar da jini kyauta ba dauki wani magani. Idan wannan shi ne ba zai yiwu, da rahoto a kan wannan factor, dakin gwaje-gwaje da ma'aikata, to kimantawa da sakamakon da aka ba kuskure. Biochemical nazarin da za'ayi kafin wani bincike da warkewa hanyoyin.

Amfani ko rashin amfani da hanyar

Immunological bincike na jini, dikodi mai aka yi likita-immunologist ko kiwon lafiya gwani, yana da wadannan abũbuwan amfãni:

• da yiwuwar samun cikakken sakamakon.
• definition da cutar a farkon matakai na raya kasa.
• dauke da fitar gyara miyagun ƙwayoyi far bayan kayyade hulda na rigakafi da tsaro;
• taimaka tare da wahala da ganewar asali.

A hasara ne a dogon tsari, idan ya cancanta bincike da kimantawa da cikakken hoto a matsayin rigakafi dalilai bukata gwada yawa hira, babban adadin.

ƙarshe

Immunogram ne abin dogara da kuma m analysis. Its aiwatar bukatar sosai gwani dakin gwaje-gwaje da likitoci. Dikodi mai zai ƙayyade da yanayin jiki ta defenses, don tabbatar da ko shanyewa da ganewar asali, to zabi wani tasiri magani regimen da kuma kara juriya ga cutar da wani dauke da kwayar cutar yanayi.