Karelian gandun daji: wani janar Siffar da hotuna

Karelian Region aka located a cikin nisa arewa na Rasha. Daga yamma shi da iyaka tare da Finland, da kuma da gabashin gaba an wanke ta White Sea. Wannan yankin ne sananne ga ta ban mamaki Fauna da Flora, an fi mayar riƙe su na asali bayyanar. Karelian gandun daji da yake riƙe da yawa asirin, shi ne cike da gidajen gona da kõguna da wani babbar dama tabkuna boye a cikin zurfin.

Yau, waɗannan wuraren suna kare ta jiha. Farauta da deforestation suna tsananin sarrafawa. Itace taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban da yawon shakatawa kayayyakin more rayuwa, amma kuma yana da manyan masana'antu muhimmancin.

encyclopedic data

Gandun daji rufe fiye da rabin ƙasar da Jamhuriyar Karelia. Wani 30% suna shagaltar da Marshes. A cikin duka, da gandun daji na Karelia maida hankali ne akan 14 kadada miliyan, miliyan 9.5 daga wanda aka rufe da wani m m gandun daji. Daya bisa uku na wannan yanki ne kariya daga sauran gandun daji suna amfani da kudi ne.

Gwargwadon siffofin

Karelia daban-daban irin taimako. Its ƙasa kamar patchwork kafet, a kan abin da za ka iya ganin madubi tabkuna, Pine gandun daji, bogs, heaths, Birch Ashtarot da tuddai. A prehistoric sau, wuri mai faɗi da aka rinjayi da motsi na glaciers. Yau, kamar yadda žwažwalwar ajiya na abubuwan da suka faru na bygone yanayi dazamani, falalen kan yankin "naman tunkiya gõshinansu" - wani irin fari m kankara, hewn giant kankara.

A kudancin yankunan suna rufe gaba daya da wani lokacin farin ciki da kuma high Pine gandun daji. Arewa Karelia katako a daban-daban Heights da yawa.

Coniferous da deciduous itatuwa Karelia

Sandy ƙasa lissafinsu da cewa a cikin Karelian Pine mulki. Yana rike da kusan 70% na gandun daji. Spruce tsiro a kan lãka kuma lãka kasa, yafi a kudancin yankin na tsakiyar-ƙungiya.

Wasu ware yankunan bakin tekun na Onega lake rufe spruce, a hade tare da lemun tsami da kuma Maple. Coniferous gandun daji na Karelia a kudu-gabashin kasar gauraye da Siberian larch.

Na deciduous itatuwa a yankin tsiro fari Birch, alder, Aspen. Shahararren Karelian Birch, da ciwon da bambance-bambance saka launi, high yawa da kuma m giciye-grained itace, same kawai a kudancin gefuna da yankin.

Rich a wadannan wurare, da kuma magani shuke-shuke. Ga girma daji shuke-shuke: bearberry, Lily na kwari, orchids, watch.

sauyin yanayi

Wood na Karelia aka kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da matsananci arewacin sauyin yanayi. Northern yankin dab da iyaka da Arctic Circle, da kuma wani sosai karamin sashi ne ko da a da iyaka.

Forest ne halin da hankula taiga yanayin kasa, amma Levozera unguwa, located a arewacin Karelia, - wani tundra.

White, darũruwa da yanayi fasali na yankin

Winter a cikin wadannan sassa ke dogon. A arewacin yankunan na kwana tare da sub-sifili yanayin zafi, akwai 190 a cikin shekara a kudancin - a kusa da 150 Autumn fara a watan Agusta, kuma ya ƙare a kusa da tsakiyar watan Oktoba. Tafkunan daskare a kan, iska tsananta, kara tsanani da kuma duration na hazo.

Idan kana janyo hankalin da kaka dazuzzuka na Karelia, sung by yawa artists da kuma kasida, je zuwa karshen watan Agusta, ko farkon watan Satumba, in ba haka ba za ka sami damar yin sha'awan da taiga a hunturu.

Duk da haka, hunturu a cikin wadannan sassa ba haka ba ne mai tsanani. Back a tsakiyar kaka a Karelia da dama m adadin snow, wanda sai ya narke, da flakes saukowa sake. A snow cover yana kusan watanni shida a matakin 60-70 cm (a musamman ake yin dusar ƙanƙara hunturu - ko da har zuwa mita). Domin hunturu, m thaws, a lokacin da Rana na haske, kamar bazara.

Wata sifa da ya kamata ka sani game da wadannan wurare - da fari dare da rana. Summer hasken rana hours wuce 23 hours. A duhu ne kusan ba ya faruwa, da kuma ganiya na fari dare da dama a cikin watan Yuni, a lokacin da babu ko da magariba. Amma akwai, ba shakka, a downside - da iyakacin duniya dare aka saukar zuwa ga ƙasa ta kusan watanni 3. Duk da haka, a cikin kudancin kasar wannan sabon abu ne mai rauni. A lokacin fari, darũruwa da ya tafi zuwa arewa - game da 66 digiri arewa latitud.

Karelian tabkuna

Gandun daji ne ba kawai na halitta dũkiyar Karelia. Wannan yankin ne domin ta shahara da tabkuna da kuma more. Akwai biyu na Turai ta most lake located - Ladoga da Onega. Lakes wasa mai da muhimmanci sosai rawa a cikin rayuwa na gandun daji yanayin kasa. Su bankunan anciently zaunar da 'yan asalin mazaunan yankin - Karelia. Suka ba kawai farauta, amma kama kifi. Muhimmanci tabkuna ne da muhimmanci ga dabbobi da zauna cikin gandun daji na Karelia. Photos of wadannan wurare jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa. Mutane a yau fi son shirya kusa gandun daji tabkuna.

Total Karelian tabkuna ya kai ga 60 dubu. Mutane da yawa a wadannan kasashe da kuma koguna - game da 11 dubu. All ruwan gefen kasance a cikin daruna na White kuma Baltic Tekuna.

The dabba duniya na gandun daji

Fauna da Karelia ne sosai bambancin. Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa mamaye Lynx, marten, American da Rasha mink, otters, ferrets, weasels, wolverines, weasels, badgers, ruwan kasa beyar, Wolves, rekun karnuka, Elk, fox, daji reindeer, moles, shrews, squirrels, beraye. Hedgehogs ne ƙasa da na kowa, da kuma kawai a kudancin kasar. Muskrats sun zauna a dama Wuraren da kudanci da kuma tsakiyar Karelia. Hare yana da fadi da kasuwanci muhimmanci. Na dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da yawa macizai da macizai. Amma macizai za a iya samu ne kawai a kudancin yankunan, a cikin arewa akwai kusan babu wani.

Jamhuriyar Karelia gandun daji - shi ne gida zuwa 200 jinsunan tsuntsaye, mafi yawan abin da su migratory. Kullum rayuwa a nan capercaillie, black takaddamarsu, takaddamarsu, partridges. Daban-daban ruwa tsuntsaye: loons, grebes, ducks, geese, da kuma Swans. Akwai gandun daji na shorebirds, shaho, bitterns, ospreys, buzzards, cranes da corncrake, da yawa daga jinsuna daban na owls. M nan kamar yadda woodpecker da gauraka suna kiyaye, daga fall a cikin wannan yankin garken waxwings. Musamman m yawon shakatawa za su iya saduwa a cikin Karelian gandun daji ko mikiya. Black takaddamarsu da kuma capercaillie zaunar ko'ina.

Islands a White Sea ne sanannen eider alƙarya da ciwon high quality-fluff. A da shi, kamar yadda a wasu rare tsuntsaye, farauta da aka haramta.

kwari

Idan ka shirya ziyarci shahararre Karelian gandun daji da kuma tambaye shawara daga gogaggun matafiya, lalle ne kũ, a sanar daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don sauraron tsoro labaru game da sauro da girman da sparrow, wanda kawai teem da daji da kuma overgrown, kuma ko da manyan birane na wannan arewacin lardin.

Bayani a kan size, ba shakka, karin gishiri, amma babu wani hayaki ba tare da wuta. Sauro fifita a nan, kuma sũ, quite manyan. Bayan sauro, gandun daji da kuma swamps zaune Karelia yana da kawai sawwaƙe yawan daban-daban jini-tsotsa, wanda su ne musamman aiki a lokacin da flowering na cloudberry berries. Amma ta karshen watan Agusta, da aiki da aka raunanar da shi, kuma da farko Satumba frosts a duk zo da kõme ba.

Tourism a Karelia

Kashi biyu cikin uku na jamhuriyar ne bude zuwa yawon bude ido. Don samun da ajiye ne mai wuya, tun duk tsaro zones suna kawai hana shigarwa. Na'am, kuma babu wani abu na musamman da ya yi, a cikin taiga sanyi da kuma ruwan tekun Atlantika jeji.

Yana da kyau don zuwa yankuna da kasa da suka ci gaba da yawon shakatawa kayayyakin more rayuwa. Kuma shi ne wanda ake ambata cikin mazauninsu na har yanzu a cikin jariri. Magana game da babban matakin sabis ba lallai ba ne. Amma bayan wannan babu za su taiga yawon bude ido?

Da gubar a saman Valaam - wani tsoho sufi hadaddun a kan daya daga cikin Ladoga lake. Ga za ka iya tafi da kanka ko wani bangare na yawon shakatawa kungiyar. Daidai da lura shi ne sufi a Kizhi. Duka wadannan wurare ne a waje da Karelian gandun daji, amma waɗanda suka zo wannan yankin daga nisa, kokarin ziyarci ba kawai a jejin ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi, amma kuma ya ziyarci wurare masu tsarki.

Mutane da yawa masu bincike suna da'awar cewa a cikin Karelia akwai da yawa anomalies geoactive kira wurare na iko. Af, Valaam da Kizhi, ma, suna bi da dauke a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi iko. A backwoods boyewa da yawa tsohon maguzancin haikalin, dating baya ga Saami da Lapps - 'yan asalin mazaunan wadannan wurare, wanda aka baya share ta cikin magabatan na zamani Karels kuma Slavs. Wasu jarumi rãyuka aka aiko zuwa Karelian gandun daji saboda wadannan m wurare. Tunani a hankali: Ko kana shirye ka fuskantar da ba a sani ba?

Idan ka shawarta zaka ga wa kansu abin da gandun daji a Karelia, shirya pozdku a kowane lokaci na shekara. Travel hukumomin bayar da bazara baƙi da kuma wani daji hutu, da kuma Kirsimeti yawon shakatawa da kuma rafting a kan waɗansu kõguna hankalinsa, da kuma wasu shirye-shirye, da mafi m da kyau na da tabkuna da kuma gandun daji. Hakika, a cikin yawon shakatawa masana'antu na Karelia shirin har yanzu yana dakin girma, amma ko da na yanzu matakin zai gamsar da shiryayye holidaymaker. Yana yayi wani haya na wani waterway, hawan doki, safari (a kakar, ba shakka), kama kifi. Za ka iya tafi hutu, ko da ba tare da kayan aiki da kuma kaya - duk abin da za a iya takalman.

Camping a cikin dazuzzuka

To, idan m, shirya wata tawagar kwararru huta ba ka topic a cikin gandun daji na Karelia, za ka iya ziyarci wadannan wurare a cikin kamfanin na m hikers. Fi dacewa, idan akwai akalla mutum daya a cikin kungiyar wanda ke da kwarewa da yin yawo a Karelia. Ba a ko'ina za ka iya karya da alfarwansu da bonfires, da kuma wasu da ban mamaki wuraren da ba a duk a kan cards. Alal misali, kai-isa tsibirin Ruhohin Okhta kusan ba zai yiwu - akwai bukatar wani gogaggen jagora.

Camping a manyan lambobin da aka gudanar a kan bankunan na gandun daji tabkuna da koguna cike da sashen kogin. Wadannan wurare ne musamman m ga masoya na ruwa wasanni. Kayakers a Karelia ba nadiri.

Domin ba su da matsala da doka da kuma nasu lamiri, bi da aminci umarnin a cikin kungiyar na hearths. Kada ka bar a cikin daji ne da wani alama na zaman ku a cikin nau'i na kunshe da abubuwan sha da kuma abinci, da kuma iyali datti. Wannan zai iya haifar da wani nauyi lafiya.

Folk itace crafts

Forest Karelia duk lokacin rani shirya kariminci raba da dũkiya. Ga za ka iya tara cranberries, cranberries, cloudberries, blueberries, raspberries, blueberries. Mutane da yawa a cikin wadannan sassa, da kuma fungi. Mazauna wurin suna tsunduma a wani m farauta duk kakar. Idan ba ka yi sa'a ko dai tare da namomin kaza ko berries, tambayar mutane a kowane gefen hanya ƙauyuka. Lalle ne, akwai da yawa da suke so su bayar da ku gida fannoni don wani suna fadin fee.

A zamanin da, mutane har yanzu farauta da kuma mafarauci. M Jawo dabbobi, wanda ko da a yau fifita Karelian gandun daji, mai daraja zuwa yanzu fiye da yankin. Karels kakanninmu masu aiki a cikin cinikayya, da sayar da su kayayyaki zuwa fatake daga ko'ina Turai.

Industrial darajar gandun daji

Yau, babban yankunan su ne ba kawai samar da Jawo, daukana berries, namomin kaza da magani shuke-shuke, amma kuma ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma takarda da kuma itace masana'antu. Loggers tsantsa tsaye katako a Karelia kuma aika da shi a cikin yankuna da dama na kasar Rasha. Da yawa daga cikin katako da aka fitar dashi. Don kula balance, jihar tsananin iko da deforestation da kuma dasa iri.