Kirill na Mefody: takaice dai biography, ban sha'awa facts daga biography, halittar Slavic haruffa

Cyril da Methodius, wanda biography ne a kalla a takaicce aka sani ga duk wanda yayi magana Rasha, aka yi wata babbar malama. Sun ɓullo da wani sa na haruffa ga Slavic mutane fiye da immortalized sunansa.

Greek asalin

'Yan'uwa biyu suka asali daga birnin Thessaloniki. A Slavic kafofin don kiyaye tsohon gargajiya sunan Solon. Su da aka haifa a wani iyali na nasara jami'in wanda ya yi aiki a karkashin mulkin lardin. Cyril aka haife shi a shekara 827 da Methodius - 815-m.

Saboda gaskiya cewa Helenawa san daidai Slavic harshe, wasu masu bincike sun yi kokarin tabbatar da zato game da su Slavic asalin. Duk da haka, don yin shi don haka babu wanda kuma ya kasa. A daidai wannan lokaci, misali, a Bulgaria, malamai ce Bulgarians (akwai kuma an yi amfani da QFontDatabase haruffa).

Slavic harshen masana

Rabe-raben harsuna da ilmi na daraja Helenawa za a iya bayyana ta da tarihi na Tasalonika. A cikin zamanin birnin da aka m. Akwai wanzu cikin gida yare na Slavic harshe. The hijirarsa na kabilar kai ta kudancin iyaka, aka binne a cikin Aegean Sea.

Da farko Slavs sun Majusawa, kuma rayu karkashin tribal tsarin, kazalika da makwabta, da Jamus. Duk da haka, wadanda bare wanda ya daidaita a kan iyakar da Byzantine Empire, fadi zuwa sararin samaniya na harkokin al'adu tasiri. Da dama daga cikinsu sun kafa wani mallaka a cikin Balkans, zama sojojin haya mulkin Konstantinoful. Strong ya kasancewarsu a Tasalonika, a inda aka haife kuma Kirill na Mefody. Biography 'yan'uwa da farko suka tafi su raba hanyoyi.

Rãyuwar aiki yan'uwa

Methodius (a duniya sunansa Michael) ya zama soja, kuma ya tashi zuwa ga daraja da wani lardi strategist a Macedonia. Ya aikata shi domin su baiwa da kuma damar iya yin komai, kazalika da taimaka na wani m courtier Teoctist. Cyril daga farkon shekarun yi kimiyya, da kuma nazarin al'adun ƙasashen da ke maƙwabtaka. Ko kafin ya tafi zuwa Moravia, don haka abin da ya zama duniya shahara, Constantine (sunan ga alkawuransu kamar yadda sufaye) ya fara fassara babi na Bishara a cikin Slavic harshe.

Baya daga harsuna, Cyril karatu lissafi, Dialectics, ilmin lissafi, taurari, rhetoric da falsafa daga mafi kyau da kwararru a Konstantinoful. Saboda da daraja asalin, ya iya ƙidaya a kan wani aristocratic aure da aikin farar hula a cikin mafi girma echelons na iko. Amma saurayin bai so da irin wannan rabo, kuma ya kasance mai tsaron ɗakin karatu a cikin babban Haikali na kasar - Hagia Sophia. Amma ko da a can ya ba su zauna dogon, kuma nan da nan ya fara koyar a Moscow University. Godiya ga wani m nasara a falsafar muhawara, ya aka yi wa lakabi da Hadishi, wanda wani lokacin yakan faru a cikin historiographical kafofin.

Cyril ya saba da sarki, da kuma ko da ya tafi zuwa ga aiki ga Musulmi kalifa. A 856, ya kuma wani rukuni na dalibai ya isa a sufi a Karami Olympus, inda ɗan'uwansa kuwa mazauni. A wannan wuri ne Kirill na Mefody, wanda biography aka yanzu da alaka da coci, yanke shawarar kirkiro da haruffa ga Slavs.

Fassarawa Kirista littattafai a cikin Slavic

A 862, bayan Prince Rostislav na Moravia zo a Konstantinoful. Sun mika Sarkin sarakuna da sako daga sarkinsu. Rostislav tambayi Helenawa ba shi koya mutanen da suka iya koya Slavic bangaskiyar Kirista a yarensu. wannan kabilar baftisma faru kafin wannan, amma kowane sabis da aka gudanar na ajamanci, wanda ya musamman m. Da sarki da Sarkin sarakuna tattauna da bukatar tare da juna da kuma yanke shawarar tambayi Tasalonika yan'uwansa suka tafi Moravia.

Cyril, Methodius kuma su dalibai fara da babban aiki. Da farko harshe, wanda aka fassara asali Kirista littattafai ya zama Bulgarian. Biography of Cyril da Methodius, a takaice abin da yake a cikin kowane Slavic tarihin littafi, da aka sani imbin aikin da 'yan'uwansa Psalter, wasiƙa da injĩla.

Tafiya zuwa Moravia

Wa'azi sun tafi Moravia, inda suka kasance shekaru uku da sabis, kuma da koyar da mutane zuwa karatu da rubutu. Kokarin kuma taimaka a cikin baftismar da Bulgarians, wanda ya faru a shekara ta 864. Sun kuma ziyarci Transcarpathian Rus da Pannonia, wanda kuma ya yaba da bangaskiyar Kirista a Slavic harsuna. Cyril da Methodius, a takaice biography da ya hada da mutane da yawa tafiya a ko'ina su saurara da kyau a sami wani sauraro.

Ko da a cikin Moravia suka yi wani rikici da Jamusanci firistocin da suke a can da irin wannan manufa manufa. A key bambanci tsakanin su ne rashin so na Katolika ya ɓatar da bauta a cikin Slavonic harshe. Wannan matsayi da aka goyan bayan da Roman Katolika. Wannan shiri ya yi imanin cewa da gõde Allah ne kawai zai iya zama a cikin harsuna uku: Latin, Girkanci, da Ibraniyanci. Wannan hadisin ya wanzu ƙarni da dama.

Babban sãɓãni kawai sabõda tsakanin Katolika da kuma Orthodox bai faru ba tukuna, saboda haka Paparoma har yanzu yana da wani tasiri a kan Greek firistoci. Ya kira 'yan'uwa don Italiya. Su ma so ya zo Roma don kare matsayinsa da kuma oblagorazumit Jamusawa a Moravia.

Brothers a Roma

Cyril da Methodius, wanda biography aka girmama da kuma Katolika, suka zo Adrian II a 868. Ya zo wani jayayya da Helenawa da ba da amsa zuwa ga Slavs zai iya haifar da bauta a cikin 'yan qasar harsuna. Morava (magabatan da Czechs) da aka yi masa baftisma da bishops na Roma, don haka ne ƙa'ida a ƙarƙashin mulkin Paparoma.

Duk da yake a Italiya, Constantine ya zama da lafiya. Sa'ad da ya ankara da cewa ya ya je ya mutu, Greek dauki tsari kuma ya karbi zuhudu sunan Cyril, wanda ya zama sananne a historiography da kuma rare memory. Duk da yake a kan Kafin ya mutu, sai ya tambaye ɗan'uwansa, ba su bar janar aikin koyarwa, da kuma ci gaba da sabis cikin Slavs.

Ci gaba da wa'azi Methodius

Kirill na Mefody, a takaice biography ne inextricably suka girmama a Moravia lokacin da yake rayuwa. Lokacin da kane baya can, shi ne sauƙin ci gaba da yi taƙawa fiye da shekaru 8 da suka wuce. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, halin da ake ciki ya canza a kasar. Tsohon Prince Rostislav aka ci su da Svyatopolk. A sabon gwamnan da aka shiryar da Jamusanci patrons. Wannan ya kai ga wani canji a cikin abun da ke ciki na firistoci. Jamus sake fara lobbying da ra'ayin Latin wa'azin. Su har ma da sanya Methodius a cikin sufi. Lokacin da wannan ya gane da Paparoma John Sabunta na, ya haramta da Jamus za su gudanar da ibadar, muddin ba su saki da wa'azi.

Tare da irin wannan juriya ya ba tukuna ci karo Kirill na Mefody. Biography, halitta na Slavic haruffa , da dukan abin da yake da alaka da rayukansu, cike da ban mamaki abubuwan. A cikin shekara ta 874 Methodius karshe an saki, da kuma sake zama wani Akbishop. Duk da haka, tuni a Roma ta janye izinin yin bauta a Moravian harshe. Duk da haka, mai wa'azi ƙi yin biyayya da tricky hanya da cocin Katolika. Ya fara yin wa'azi da kuma gudanar da m ayyukan hajji na Slavic harshe.

Yunƙurinsa Methodius

Ya nacewa kuwa ba a banza. Lokacin da Jamus sake kokarin bakanta shi a kan idanun Church, Methodius tafi zuwa Roma da kuma godiya ta zuwa ga iyawar magana ya iya kare ra'ayinsa da shugaban Kirista. Ya aka ba musamman bijimin, wanda sake yarda ibadar a gida harsuna.

Slavs nuna godiya da uncompromising gwagwarmaya yakukuwan da Kirill na Mefody, a takaice biography wanda aka nuna har ma a zamanin d almara. Gab da mutuwarsa, da kane koma zuwa Rum da Konstantinoful da aka gudanar a shekaru da dama. Ya karshe babban aiki ya fassara a cikin Slavic "Tsohon Alkawari", wanda ya taimake shi da aminci almajiransa. Ya mutu a cikin 885 a Moravia.

Ma'ana yan'uwa aiki

Alphabet halitta yan'uwa ƙarshe watsu Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria da kuma Rasha. Yau, da QFontDatabase haruffa da ake amfani da duk Eastern Slavs. Wannan Rasha, Ukrainians da Belarusians. Biography of Cyril da Methodius yara sanar a cikin makaranta manhaja a wadannan kasashen.

Sha'awa, da asali haruffa halitta da 'yan'uwansa, da ƙarshe ya zama wani Glagolitic a historiography. Ta da sauran wani zaɓi, da aka sani da QFontDatabase haruffa, ya bayyana kadan daga baya saboda ayyukan dalibai na haske. Wannan kimiyya muhawara ne har yanzu dacewa. Matsalar shi ne cewa ba suke dashi tsoho kafofin, wanda zai iya haƙĩƙa tabbatar da wani musamman ra'ayi. Theories suna gina kawai a kan sakandare takardun cewa ya bayyana daga baya.

Duk da haka, da gudunmawar da 'yan'uwa da wuya a overestimate. Kirill na Mefody, a takaice biography abin da ya kamata a sani ga kowane Slav, ba kawai taimaka wajen yada Kristanci, amma kuma karfafa kasa sani a cikin mutane. Bugu da ƙari, ko da dauka cewa QFontDatabase haruffa da aka halitta da dalibai na 'yan'uwansa, da cewa su har yanzu dogara ga aikin. Wannan shi ne musamman bayyanannu a cikin hali na imin sautin harshe. A zamani QFontDatabase haruffa soma wani audio bangaren a rubuta haruffa da suka kasance samarwa wa'azi.

Kuma Yammacin kuma Eastern Church gane muhimmancin ayyukan da suke Kirill na Mefody. Short biography ga malamai na yara a can a wani iri-iri na ilimi litattafan tarihi da kuma Rasha harshe.

A kasar tun shekara ta 1991, ya ce da shekara-shekara na kasa hutu sadaukar da 'yan'uwa daga Tasalonika. Shi ne ake kira da rãnar Slavic Wallafe-wallafe da Al'adu da ya wanzu a Belarus. A Bulgaria, kafa Order a cikin sunan. Kirill na Mefody, ban sha'awa facts daga biography of wanda aka buga a daban-daban monographs, ci gaba da janyo hankalin sabon bincike da harshen da kuma tarihi.